From 2537d9d1c2517f9e552ca2b076b3b63b1acbc55d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?Sebasti=C3=A1n=20Ram=C3=ADrez?= Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2025 20:48:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 01/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=90=9B=20Fix=20`convert=5Funderscor?= =?UTF-8?q?es=3DFalse`=20for=20header=20Pydantic=20models=20(#13515)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/en/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md | 16 + docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003.py | 19 ++ .../header_param_models/tutorial003_an.py | 22 ++ .../tutorial003_an_py310.py | 21 ++ .../tutorial003_an_py39.py | 21 ++ .../header_param_models/tutorial003_py310.py | 17 ++ .../header_param_models/tutorial003_py39.py | 19 ++ fastapi/dependencies/utils.py | 10 +- fastapi/openapi/utils.py | 23 +- .../test_tutorial001.py | 6 +- .../test_tutorial002.py | 6 +- .../test_tutorial003.py | 285 ++++++++++++++++++ 12 files changed, 457 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) create mode 100644 docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003.py create mode 100644 docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an.py create mode 100644 docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py310.py create mode 100644 docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py39.py create mode 100644 docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py310.py create mode 100644 docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py39.py create mode 100644 tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial003.py diff --git a/docs/en/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md b/docs/en/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md index 73950a668..4cdf09705 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md @@ -51,6 +51,22 @@ For example, if the client tries to send a `tool` header with a value of `plumbu } ``` +## Disable Convert Underscores + +The same way as with regular header parameters, when you have underscore characters in the parameter names, they are **automatically converted to hyphens**. + +For example, if you have a header parameter `save_data` in the code, the expected HTTP header will be `save-data`, and it will show up like that in the docs. + +If for some reason you need to disable this automatic conversion, you can do it as well for Pydantic models for header parameters. + +{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py310.py hl[19] *} + +/// warning + +Before setting `convert_underscores` to `False`, bear in mind that some HTTP proxies and servers disallow the usage of headers with underscores. + +/// + ## Summary You can use **Pydantic models** to declare **headers** in **FastAPI**. 😎 diff --git a/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003.py b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dc2eb74bd --- /dev/null +++ b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +from typing import List, Union + +from fastapi import FastAPI, Header +from pydantic import BaseModel + +app = FastAPI() + + +class CommonHeaders(BaseModel): + host: str + save_data: bool + if_modified_since: Union[str, None] = None + traceparent: Union[str, None] = None + x_tag: List[str] = [] + + +@app.get("/items/") +async def read_items(headers: CommonHeaders = Header(convert_underscores=False)): + return headers diff --git a/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an.py b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e3edb1189 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an.py @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +from typing import List, Union + +from fastapi import FastAPI, Header +from pydantic import BaseModel +from typing_extensions import Annotated + +app = FastAPI() + + +class CommonHeaders(BaseModel): + host: str + save_data: bool + if_modified_since: Union[str, None] = None + traceparent: Union[str, None] = None + x_tag: List[str] = [] + + +@app.get("/items/") +async def read_items( + headers: Annotated[CommonHeaders, Header(convert_underscores=False)], +): + return headers diff --git a/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py310.py b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py310.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..07bfa83bf --- /dev/null +++ b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py310.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +from typing import Annotated + +from fastapi import FastAPI, Header +from pydantic import BaseModel + +app = FastAPI() + + +class CommonHeaders(BaseModel): + host: str + save_data: bool + if_modified_since: str | None = None + traceparent: str | None = None + x_tag: list[str] = [] + + +@app.get("/items/") +async def read_items( + headers: Annotated[CommonHeaders, Header(convert_underscores=False)], +): + return headers diff --git a/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py39.py b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py39.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8be6b01d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py39.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +from typing import Annotated, Union + +from fastapi import FastAPI, Header +from pydantic import BaseModel + +app = FastAPI() + + +class CommonHeaders(BaseModel): + host: str + save_data: bool + if_modified_since: Union[str, None] = None + traceparent: Union[str, None] = None + x_tag: list[str] = [] + + +@app.get("/items/") +async def read_items( + headers: Annotated[CommonHeaders, Header(convert_underscores=False)], +): + return headers diff --git a/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py310.py b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py310.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..65e92a28c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py310.py @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +from fastapi import FastAPI, Header +from pydantic import BaseModel + +app = FastAPI() + + +class CommonHeaders(BaseModel): + host: str + save_data: bool + if_modified_since: str | None = None + traceparent: str | None = None + x_tag: list[str] = [] + + +@app.get("/items/") +async def read_items(headers: CommonHeaders = Header(convert_underscores=False)): + return headers diff --git a/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py39.py b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py39.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..848c34111 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_py39.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +from typing import Union + +from fastapi import FastAPI, Header +from pydantic import BaseModel + +app = FastAPI() + + +class CommonHeaders(BaseModel): + host: str + save_data: bool + if_modified_since: Union[str, None] = None + traceparent: Union[str, None] = None + x_tag: list[str] = [] + + +@app.get("/items/") +async def read_items(headers: CommonHeaders = Header(convert_underscores=False)): + return headers diff --git a/fastapi/dependencies/utils.py b/fastapi/dependencies/utils.py index d205d17fa..84dfa4d03 100644 --- a/fastapi/dependencies/utils.py +++ b/fastapi/dependencies/utils.py @@ -750,9 +750,15 @@ def request_params_to_args( first_field = fields[0] fields_to_extract = fields single_not_embedded_field = False + default_convert_underscores = True if len(fields) == 1 and lenient_issubclass(first_field.type_, BaseModel): fields_to_extract = get_cached_model_fields(first_field.type_) single_not_embedded_field = True + # If headers are in a Pydantic model, the way to disable convert_underscores + # would be with Header(convert_underscores=False) at the Pydantic model level + default_convert_underscores = getattr( + first_field.field_info, "convert_underscores", True + ) params_to_process: Dict[str, Any] = {} @@ -763,7 +769,9 @@ def request_params_to_args( if isinstance(received_params, Headers): # Handle fields extracted from a Pydantic Model for a header, each field # doesn't have a FieldInfo of type Header with the default convert_underscores=True - convert_underscores = getattr(field.field_info, "convert_underscores", True) + convert_underscores = getattr( + field.field_info, "convert_underscores", default_convert_underscores + ) if convert_underscores: alias = ( field.alias diff --git a/fastapi/openapi/utils.py b/fastapi/openapi/utils.py index bd8f3c106..808646cc2 100644 --- a/fastapi/openapi/utils.py +++ b/fastapi/openapi/utils.py @@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from fastapi.utils import ( generate_operation_id_for_path, is_body_allowed_for_status_code, ) +from pydantic import BaseModel from starlette.responses import JSONResponse from starlette.routing import BaseRoute from starlette.status import HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY @@ -113,6 +114,13 @@ def _get_openapi_operation_parameters( (ParamTypes.header, header_params), (ParamTypes.cookie, cookie_params), ] + default_convert_underscores = True + if len(flat_dependant.header_params) == 1: + first_field = flat_dependant.header_params[0] + if lenient_issubclass(first_field.type_, BaseModel): + default_convert_underscores = getattr( + first_field.field_info, "convert_underscores", True + ) for param_type, param_group in parameter_groups: for param in param_group: field_info = param.field_info @@ -126,8 +134,21 @@ def _get_openapi_operation_parameters( field_mapping=field_mapping, separate_input_output_schemas=separate_input_output_schemas, ) + name = param.alias + convert_underscores = getattr( + param.field_info, + "convert_underscores", + default_convert_underscores, + ) + if ( + param_type == ParamTypes.header + and param.alias == param.name + and convert_underscores + ): + name = param.name.replace("_", "-") + parameter = { - "name": param.alias, + "name": name, "in": param_type.value, "required": param.required, "schema": param_schema, diff --git a/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial001.py b/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial001.py index 06b2404cf..bc876897b 100644 --- a/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial001.py +++ b/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial001.py @@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient): "schema": {"type": "string", "title": "Host"}, }, { - "name": "save_data", + "name": "save-data", "in": "header", "required": True, "schema": {"type": "boolean", "title": "Save Data"}, }, { - "name": "if_modified_since", + "name": "if-modified-since", "in": "header", "required": False, "schema": IsDict( @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient): ), }, { - "name": "x_tag", + "name": "x-tag", "in": "header", "required": False, "schema": { diff --git a/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial002.py b/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial002.py index e07655a0c..0615521c4 100644 --- a/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial002.py +++ b/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial002.py @@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient): "schema": {"type": "string", "title": "Host"}, }, { - "name": "save_data", + "name": "save-data", "in": "header", "required": True, "schema": {"type": "boolean", "title": "Save Data"}, }, { - "name": "if_modified_since", + "name": "if-modified-since", "in": "header", "required": False, "schema": IsDict( @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient): ), }, { - "name": "x_tag", + "name": "x-tag", "in": "header", "required": False, "schema": { diff --git a/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial003.py b/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial003.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..60940e1da --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_tutorial/test_header_param_models/test_tutorial003.py @@ -0,0 +1,285 @@ +import importlib + +import pytest +from dirty_equals import IsDict +from fastapi.testclient import TestClient +from inline_snapshot import snapshot + +from tests.utils import needs_py39, needs_py310 + + +@pytest.fixture( + name="client", + params=[ + "tutorial003", + pytest.param("tutorial003_py39", marks=needs_py39), + pytest.param("tutorial003_py310", marks=needs_py310), + "tutorial003_an", + pytest.param("tutorial003_an_py39", marks=needs_py39), + pytest.param("tutorial003_an_py310", marks=needs_py310), + ], +) +def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest): + mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.header_param_models.{request.param}") + + client = TestClient(mod.app) + return client + + +def test_header_param_model(client: TestClient): + response = client.get( + "/items/", + headers=[ + ("save_data", "true"), + ("if_modified_since", "yesterday"), + ("traceparent", "123"), + ("x_tag", "one"), + ("x_tag", "two"), + ], + ) + assert response.status_code == 200 + assert response.json() == { + "host": "testserver", + "save_data": True, + "if_modified_since": "yesterday", + "traceparent": "123", + "x_tag": ["one", "two"], + } + + +def test_header_param_model_no_underscore(client: TestClient): + response = client.get( + "/items/", + headers=[ + ("save-data", "true"), + ("if-modified-since", "yesterday"), + ("traceparent", "123"), + ("x-tag", "one"), + ("x-tag", "two"), + ], + ) + assert response.status_code == 422 + assert response.json() == snapshot( + { + "detail": [ + IsDict( + { + "type": "missing", + "loc": ["header", "save_data"], + "msg": "Field required", + "input": { + "host": "testserver", + "traceparent": "123", + "x_tag": [], + "accept": "*/*", + "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate", + "connection": "keep-alive", + "user-agent": "testclient", + "save-data": "true", + "if-modified-since": "yesterday", + "x-tag": "two", + }, + } + ) + | IsDict( + # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1 + { + "type": "value_error.missing", + "loc": ["header", "save_data"], + "msg": "field required", + } + ) + ] + } + ) + + +def test_header_param_model_defaults(client: TestClient): + response = client.get("/items/", headers=[("save_data", "true")]) + assert response.status_code == 200 + assert response.json() == { + "host": "testserver", + "save_data": True, + "if_modified_since": None, + "traceparent": None, + "x_tag": [], + } + + +def test_header_param_model_invalid(client: TestClient): + response = client.get("/items/") + assert response.status_code == 422 + assert response.json() == snapshot( + { + "detail": [ + IsDict( + { + "type": "missing", + "loc": ["header", "save_data"], + "msg": "Field required", + "input": { + "x_tag": [], + "host": "testserver", + "accept": "*/*", + "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate", + "connection": "keep-alive", + "user-agent": "testclient", + }, + } + ) + | IsDict( + # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1 + { + "type": "value_error.missing", + "loc": ["header", "save_data"], + "msg": "field required", + } + ) + ] + } + ) + + +def test_header_param_model_extra(client: TestClient): + response = client.get( + "/items/", headers=[("save_data", "true"), ("tool", "plumbus")] + ) + assert response.status_code == 200, response.text + assert response.json() == snapshot( + { + "host": "testserver", + "save_data": True, + "if_modified_since": None, + "traceparent": None, + "x_tag": [], + } + ) + + +def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient): + response = client.get("/openapi.json") + assert response.status_code == 200, response.text + assert response.json() == snapshot( + { + "openapi": "3.1.0", + "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"}, + "paths": { + "/items/": { + "get": { + "summary": "Read Items", + "operationId": "read_items_items__get", + "parameters": [ + { + "name": "host", + "in": "header", + "required": True, + "schema": {"type": "string", "title": "Host"}, + }, + { + "name": "save_data", + "in": "header", + "required": True, + "schema": {"type": "boolean", "title": "Save Data"}, + }, + { + "name": "if_modified_since", + "in": "header", + "required": False, + "schema": IsDict( + { + "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "null"}], + "title": "If Modified Since", + } + ) + | IsDict( + # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1 + { + "type": "string", + "title": "If Modified Since", + } + ), + }, + { + "name": "traceparent", + "in": "header", + "required": False, + "schema": IsDict( + { + "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "null"}], + "title": "Traceparent", + } + ) + | IsDict( + # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1 + { + "type": "string", + "title": "Traceparent", + } + ), + }, + { + "name": "x_tag", + "in": "header", + "required": False, + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": {"type": "string"}, + "default": [], + "title": "X Tag", + }, + }, + ], + "responses": { + "200": { + "description": "Successful Response", + "content": {"application/json": {"schema": {}}}, + }, + "422": { + "description": "Validation Error", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError" + } + } + }, + }, + }, + } + } + }, + "components": { + "schemas": { + "HTTPValidationError": { + "properties": { + "detail": { + "items": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError" + }, + "type": "array", + "title": "Detail", + } + }, + "type": "object", + "title": "HTTPValidationError", + }, + "ValidationError": { + "properties": { + "loc": { + "items": { + "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}] + }, + "type": "array", + "title": "Location", + }, + "msg": {"type": "string", "title": "Message"}, + "type": {"type": "string", "title": "Error Type"}, + }, + "type": "object", + "required": ["loc", "msg", "type"], + "title": "ValidationError", + }, + } + }, + } + ) From 8e76d4e5f4ee2e4b9f77378a39aa15940255e164 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2025 20:49:19 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 02/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 5410c75b8..9d4bd3301 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ hide: ## Latest Changes +### Fixes + +* 🐛 Fix `convert_underscores=False` for header Pydantic models. PR [#13515](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13515) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo). + ### Docs * 📝 Update `docs/en/docs/tutorial/middleware.md`. PR [#13444](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13444) by [@Rishat-F](https://github.com/Rishat-F). From 628c34e0cae200564d191c95d7edea78c88c4b5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?Sebasti=C3=A1n=20Ram=C3=ADrez?= Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2025 23:54:13 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 03/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=94=96=20Release=20version=200.115.?= =?UTF-8?q?12?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 2 ++ fastapi/__init__.py | 2 +- 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 9d4bd3301..7e54dd7d6 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ hide: ## Latest Changes +## 0.115.12 + ### Fixes * 🐛 Fix `convert_underscores=False` for header Pydantic models. PR [#13515](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13515) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo). diff --git a/fastapi/__init__.py b/fastapi/__init__.py index 757b76106..80eb783da 100644 --- a/fastapi/__init__.py +++ b/fastapi/__init__.py @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ """FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production""" -__version__ = "0.115.11" +__version__ = "0.115.12" from starlette import status as status From d70f0ecec3d537b903b5c663c4fc3fcc9269db84 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Blueswen Date: Mon, 24 Mar 2025 19:12:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 04/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Add=20External=20Link:=20T?= =?UTF-8?q?aiwanese=20talk=20on=20FastAPI=20with=20observability=20=20(#13?= =?UTF-8?q?527)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/en/data/external_links.yml | 5 +++++ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+) diff --git a/docs/en/data/external_links.yml b/docs/en/data/external_links.yml index 9e411a631..00bb55422 100644 --- a/docs/en/data/external_links.yml +++ b/docs/en/data/external_links.yml @@ -411,3 +411,8 @@ Talks: author_link: https://twitter.com/chriswithers13 link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DLwPcrE5mA title: 'PyCon UK 2019: FastAPI from the ground up' + Taiwanese: + - author: Bluewen + author_link: https://github.com/blueswen + link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3sumuoDq4w + title: 'PyCon TW 2024: 全方位強化 Python 服務可觀測性：以 FastAPI 和 Grafana Stack 為例' From cbd7d4895b0a88802f50cd5c6fb05c1ffcb417e7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Mon, 24 Mar 2025 11:13:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 05/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 7e54dd7d6..d09b7c0a0 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ hide: ## Latest Changes +### Docs + +* 📝 Add External Link: Taiwanese talk on FastAPI with observability . PR [#13527](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13527) by [@blueswen](https://github.com/blueswen). + ## 0.115.12 ### Fixes From f0d59e57f10e4592f43e11ddca3640791140016c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhongheng Cheng Date: Mon, 24 Mar 2025 17:09:43 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 06/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=8C=90=20Update=20Chinese=20transla?= =?UTF-8?q?tion=20for=20`docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`=20(#13348)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md | 95 ++++++++++++---------------- 1 file changed, 41 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md b/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md index c4ff460e0..80a34116a 100644 --- a/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md +++ b/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md @@ -11,26 +11,42 @@
```console -$ uvicorn main:app --reload +$ fastapi dev main.py -INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) -INFO: Started reloader process [28720] -INFO: Started server process [28722] -INFO: Waiting for application startup. -INFO: Application startup complete. -``` + FastAPI Starting development server 🚀 -
+ Searching for package file structure from directories + with __init__.py files + Importing from /home/user/code/awesomeapp -/// note + module 🐍 main.py -`uvicorn main:app` 命令含义如下: + code Importing the FastAPI app object from the module with + the following code: -* `main`：`main.py` 文件（一个 Python「模块」）。 -* `app`：在 `main.py` 文件中通过 `app = FastAPI()` 创建的对象。 -* `--reload`：让服务器在更新代码后重新启动。仅在开发时使用该选项。 + from main import app -/// + app Using import string: main:app + + server Server started at http://127.0.0.1:8000 + server Documentation at http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs + + tip Running in development mode, for production use: + fastapi run + + Logs: + + INFO Will watch for changes in these directories: + ['/home/user/code/awesomeapp'] + INFO Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C + to quit) + INFO Started reloader process [383138] using WatchFiles + INFO Started server process [383153] + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Application startup complete. +``` + + 在输出中，会有一行信息像下面这样： @@ -38,7 +54,6 @@ $ uvicorn main:app --reload INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) ``` - 该行显示了你的应用在本机所提供服务的 URL 地址。 ### 查看 @@ -63,7 +78,7 @@ INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) 前往 http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc。 -你将会看到可选的自动生成文档 （由 ReDoc 提供)： +你将会看到可选的自动生成文档 （由 ReDoc 提供）： ![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-02-redoc-simple.png) @@ -77,9 +92,9 @@ INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) #### API「模式」 -在这种场景下，OpenAPI 是一种规定如何定义 API 模式的规范。 +在这种场景下，OpenAPI 是一种规定如何定义 API 模式的规范。 -定义的 OpenAPI 模式将包括你的 API 路径，以及它们可能使用的参数等等。 +「模式」的定义包括你的 API 路径，以及它们可能使用的参数等等。 #### 数据「模式」 @@ -93,7 +108,7 @@ OpenAPI 为你的 API 定义 API 模式。该模式中包含了你的 API 发送 #### 查看 `openapi.json` -如果你对原始的 OpenAPI 模式长什么样子感到好奇，其实它只是一个自动生成的包含了所有 API 描述的 JSON。 +如果你对原始的 OpenAPI 模式长什么样子感到好奇，FastAPI 自动生成了包含所有 API 描述的 JSON（模式）。 你可以直接在：http://127.0.0.1:8000/openapi.json 看到它。 @@ -101,7 +116,7 @@ OpenAPI 为你的 API 定义 API 模式。该模式中包含了你的 API 发送 ```JSON { - "openapi": "3.0.2", + "openapi": "3.1.0", "info": { "title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0" @@ -140,7 +155,7 @@ OpenAPI 为你的 API 定义 API 模式。该模式中包含了你的 API 发送 `FastAPI` 是直接从 `Starlette` 继承的类。 -你可以通过 `FastAPI` 使用所有的 Starlette 的功能。 +你可以通过 `FastAPI` 使用所有的 Starlette 的功能。 /// @@ -152,34 +167,6 @@ OpenAPI 为你的 API 定义 API 模式。该模式中包含了你的 API 发送 这个实例将是创建你所有 API 的主要交互对象。 -这个 `app` 同样在如下命令中被 `uvicorn` 所引用： - -
- -```console -$ uvicorn main:app --reload - -INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) -``` - -
- -如果你像下面这样创建应用： - -{* ../../docs_src/first_steps/tutorial002.py hl[3] *} - -将代码放入 `main.py` 文件中，然后你可以像下面这样运行 `uvicorn`： - -
- -```console -$ uvicorn main:my_awesome_api --reload - -INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) -``` - -
- ### 步骤 3：创建一个*路径操作* #### 路径 @@ -279,13 +266,13 @@ https://example.com/items/foo /// tip -您可以随意使用任何一个操作（HTTP方法）。 +你可以随意使用任何一个操作（HTTP方法）。 **FastAPI** 没有强制要求操作有任何特定的含义。 此处提供的信息仅作为指导，而不是要求。 -比如，当使用 GraphQL 时通常你所有的动作都通过 `post` 一种方法执行。 +比如，当使用 GraphQL 时通常你所有的动作都通过 `POST` 一种方法执行。 /// @@ -331,6 +318,6 @@ https://example.com/items/foo * 导入 `FastAPI`。 * 创建一个 `app` 实例。 -* 编写一个**路径操作装饰器**（如 `@app.get("/")`）。 -* 编写一个**路径操作函数**（如上面的 `def root(): ...`）。 -* 运行开发服务器（如 `uvicorn main:app --reload`）。 +* 编写一个**路径操作装饰器**，如 `@app.get("/")`。 +* 定义一个**路径操作函数**，如 `def root(): ...`。 +* 使用命令 `fastapi dev` 运行开发服务器。 From b58c2a31ed5eeaf0b0ca937fbd932044cd2cbf23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Mon, 24 Mar 2025 21:10:05 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 07/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index d09b7c0a0..4704bd53f 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ hide: * 📝 Add External Link: Taiwanese talk on FastAPI with observability . PR [#13527](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13527) by [@blueswen](https://github.com/blueswen). +### Translations + +* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`. PR [#13348](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13348) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). + ## 0.115.12 ### Fixes From c12652b7858e70e57c6e65e264d1547a07ef2769 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]" <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 26 Mar 2025 14:18:42 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 08/21] =?UTF-8?q?=E2=AC=86=20[pre-commit.ci]=20pre-commit?= =?UTF-8?q?=20autoupdate=20(#12986)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate updates: - [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.9.4 → v0.11.2](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.9.4...v0.11.2) * also bump in doc requirements --------- Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: svlandeg Co-authored-by: Sofie Van Landeghem --- .pre-commit-config.yaml | 2 +- requirements-docs-tests.txt | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml index 05c33a608..6aa7c458d 100644 --- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml +++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ repos: - id: end-of-file-fixer - id: trailing-whitespace - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit - rev: v0.9.4 + rev: v0.11.2 hooks: - id: ruff args: diff --git a/requirements-docs-tests.txt b/requirements-docs-tests.txt index e7718e61d..71f4a7ab9 100644 --- a/requirements-docs-tests.txt +++ b/requirements-docs-tests.txt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ # For mkdocstrings and tests httpx >=0.23.0,<0.28.0 # For linting and generating docs versions -ruff ==0.9.4 +ruff ==0.11.2 From c8a7552e29e369e4e52957d72c8dcbde605c56d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Wed, 26 Mar 2025 13:19:03 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 09/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 4704bd53f..e3a703ef9 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ hide: * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`. PR [#13348](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13348) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). +### Internal + +* ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate. PR [#12986](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/12986) by [@pre-commit-ci[bot]](https://github.com/apps/pre-commit-ci). + ## 0.115.12 ### Fixes From 031622a989833e9842d1200ab18088ef61424fc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sofie Van Landeghem Date: Wed, 26 Mar 2025 15:38:36 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 10/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=94=A7=20Clean=20up=20`docs/en/mkdo?= =?UTF-8?q?cs.yml`=20configuration=20file=20(#13542)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/en/mkdocs.yml | 76 ++++++++++++++++------------------------------ 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/en/mkdocs.yml b/docs/en/mkdocs.yml index e9a639d0b..bfa88c06e 100644 --- a/docs/en/mkdocs.yml +++ b/docs/en/mkdocs.yml @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ theme: name: material custom_dir: ../en/overrides palette: - - media: "(prefers-color-scheme)" + - media: (prefers-color-scheme) toggle: icon: material/lightbulb-auto name: Switch to light mode @@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ theme: features: - content.code.annotate - content.code.copy - # - content.code.select - content.footnote.tooltips - content.tabs.link - content.tooltips @@ -35,7 +34,6 @@ theme: - navigation.indexes - navigation.instant - navigation.instant.prefetch - # - navigation.instant.preview - navigation.instant.progress - navigation.path - navigation.tabs @@ -46,7 +44,6 @@ theme: - search.share - search.suggest - toc.follow - icon: repo: fontawesome/brands/github-alt logo: img/icon-white.svg @@ -55,11 +52,7 @@ theme: repo_name: fastapi/fastapi repo_url: https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi plugins: - # Material for MkDocs - search: - # Configured in mkdocs.insiders.yml - # social: - # Other plugins + search: null macros: include_yaml: - external_links: ../en/data/external_links.yml @@ -103,7 +96,6 @@ plugins: signature_crossrefs: true show_symbol_type_heading: true show_symbol_type_toc: true - nav: - FastAPI: index.md - features.md @@ -258,33 +250,27 @@ nav: - benchmarks.md - management.md - release-notes.md - markdown_extensions: - # Python Markdown - abbr: - attr_list: - footnotes: - md_in_html: - tables: + abbr: null + attr_list: null + footnotes: null + md_in_html: null + tables: null toc: permalink: true - - # Python Markdown Extensions - pymdownx.betterem: - pymdownx.caret: + pymdownx.betterem: null + pymdownx.caret: null pymdownx.highlight: line_spans: __span - pymdownx.inlinehilite: - pymdownx.keys: - pymdownx.mark: + pymdownx.inlinehilite: null + pymdownx.keys: null + pymdownx.mark: null pymdownx.superfences: custom_fences: - name: mermaid class: mermaid - format: !!python/name:pymdownx.superfences.fence_code_format - pymdownx.tilde: - - # pymdownx blocks + format: !!python/name:pymdownx.superfences.fence_code_format '' + pymdownx.tilde: null pymdownx.blocks.admonition: types: - note @@ -295,17 +281,13 @@ markdown_extensions: - tip - hint - warning - # Custom types - info - check - pymdownx.blocks.details: + pymdownx.blocks.details: null pymdownx.blocks.tab: - alternate_style: True - - # Other extensions - mdx_include: - markdown_include_variants: - + alternate_style: true + mdx_include: null + markdown_include_variants: null extra: analytics: provider: google @@ -313,16 +295,14 @@ extra: feedback: title: Was this page helpful? ratings: - - icon: material/emoticon-happy-outline - name: This page was helpful - data: 1 - note: >- - Thanks for your feedback! - - icon: material/emoticon-sad-outline - name: This page could be improved - data: 0 - note: >- - Thanks for your feedback! + - icon: material/emoticon-happy-outline + name: This page was helpful + data: 1 + note: Thanks for your feedback! + - icon: material/emoticon-sad-outline + name: This page could be improved + data: 0 + note: Thanks for your feedback! social: - icon: fontawesome/brands/github-alt link: https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi @@ -338,7 +318,6 @@ extra: link: https://medium.com/@tiangolo - icon: fontawesome/solid/globe link: https://tiangolo.com - alternate: - link: / name: en - English @@ -390,14 +369,11 @@ extra: name: zh-hant - 繁體中文 - link: /em/ name: 😉 - extra_css: - css/termynal.css - css/custom.css - extra_javascript: - js/termynal.js - js/custom.js - hooks: - ../../scripts/mkdocs_hooks.py From b5bdc153a12716b45a55ff4b9a298a898d1502e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Wed, 26 Mar 2025 14:39:00 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 11/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index e3a703ef9..359ec4b49 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ hide: ### Internal +* 🔧 Clean up `docs/en/mkdocs.yml` configuration file. PR [#13542](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13542) by [@svlandeg](https://github.com/svlandeg). * ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate. PR [#12986](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/12986) by [@pre-commit-ci[bot]](https://github.com/apps/pre-commit-ci). ## 0.115.12 From a49f69f074e334b0abf8cb4aeded213b9f371b9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Blueswen Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 03:23:32 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 12/21] =?UTF-8?q?=E2=9C=8F=EF=B8=8F=20Fix=20talk=20informa?= =?UTF-8?q?tion=20typo=20(#13544)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/en/data/external_links.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/docs/en/data/external_links.yml b/docs/en/data/external_links.yml index 00bb55422..50f84ecbf 100644 --- a/docs/en/data/external_links.yml +++ b/docs/en/data/external_links.yml @@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ Talks: link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DLwPcrE5mA title: 'PyCon UK 2019: FastAPI from the ground up' Taiwanese: - - author: Bluewen + - author: Blueswen author_link: https://github.com/blueswen link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3sumuoDq4w title: 'PyCon TW 2024: 全方位強化 Python 服務可觀測性：以 FastAPI 和 Grafana Stack 為例' From 4db37fdf954f24bf8e91d141a0ad675fdd9c90c8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Sun, 30 Mar 2025 19:23:55 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 13/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 359ec4b49..bc122be5d 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ hide: ### Docs +* ✏️ Fix talk information typo. PR [#13544](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13544) by [@blueswen](https://github.com/blueswen). * 📝 Add External Link: Taiwanese talk on FastAPI with observability . PR [#13527](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13527) by [@blueswen](https://github.com/blueswen). ### Translations From 396ca6960300a34e4509f754e8d38be6707f3e49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhongheng Cheng Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 04:13:15 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 14/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=8C=90=20Update=20Chinese=20transla?= =?UTF-8?q?tion=20for=20`docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md`=20(#13?= =?UTF-8?q?292)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md | 144 ++++++++-------------- 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 95 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md b/docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md index eb0252a5c..e46ba7a09 100644 --- a/docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md +++ b/docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Server Workers - Gunicorn with Uvicorn +# 服务器工作进程（Workers） - 使用 Uvicorn 的多工作进程模式 让我们回顾一下之前的部署概念： @@ -9,125 +9,79 @@ * 内存 * 启动前的先前步骤 -到目前为止，通过文档中的所有教程，您可能已经在**单个进程**上运行了像 Uvicorn 这样的**服务器程序**。 +到目前为止，在文档中的所有教程中，您可能一直是在运行一个**服务器程序**，例如使用 `fastapi` 命令来启动 Uvicorn，而它默认运行的是**单进程模式**。 -部署应用程序时，您可能希望进行一些**进程复制**，以利用**多核**并能够处理更多请求。 +部署应用程序时，您可能希望进行一些**进程复制**，以利用**多核** CPU 并能够处理更多请求。 正如您在上一章有关[部署概念](concepts.md){.internal-link target=_blank}中看到的，您可以使用多种策略。 -在这里我将向您展示如何将 **Gunicorn** 与 **Uvicorn worker 进程** 一起使用。 +在本章节中，我将向您展示如何使用 `fastapi` 命令或直接使用 `uvicorn` 命令以**多工作进程模式**运行 **Uvicorn**。 /// info 如果您正在使用容器，例如 Docker 或 Kubernetes，我将在下一章中告诉您更多相关信息：[容器中的 FastAPI - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank}。 -特别是，当在 **Kubernetes** 上运行时，您可能**不想**使用 Gunicorn，而是运行 **每个容器一个 Uvicorn 进程**，但我将在本章后面告诉您这一点。 +比较特别的是，在 **Kubernetes** 环境中运行时，您通常**不需要**使用多个工作进程，而是**每个容器运行一个 Uvicorn 进程**。不过，我会在本章节的后续部分详细介绍这一点。 /// -## Gunicorn with Uvicorn Workers +## 多个工作进程 -**Gunicorn**主要是一个使用**WSGI标准**的应用服务器。 这意味着 Gunicorn 可以为 Flask 和 Django 等应用程序提供服务。 Gunicorn 本身与 **FastAPI** 不兼容，因为 FastAPI 使用最新的 **ASGI 标准**。 +您可以使用 `--workers` 命令行选项来启动多个工作进程： -但 Gunicorn 支持充当 **进程管理器** 并允许用户告诉它要使用哪个特定的 **worker类**。 然后 Gunicorn 将使用该类启动一个或多个 **worker进程**。 +//// tab | `fastapi` -**Uvicorn** 有一个 Gunicorn 兼容的worker类。 - -使用这种组合，Gunicorn 将充当 **进程管理器**，监听 **端口** 和 **IP**。 它会将通信**传输**到运行**Uvicorn类**的worker进程。 - -然后与Gunicorn兼容的**Uvicorn worker**类将负责将Gunicorn发送的数据转换为ASGI标准以供FastAPI使用。 - -## 安装 Gunicorn 和 Uvicorn +如果您使用 `fastapi` 命令：
```console -$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]" gunicorn - ----> 100% -``` - -
+$ fastapi run --workers 4 main.py -这将安装带有`standard`扩展包（以获得高性能）的 Uvicorn 和 Gunicorn。 + FastAPI Starting production server 🚀 -## Run Gunicorn with Uvicorn Workers + Searching for package file structure from directories with + __init__.py files + Importing from /home/user/code/awesomeapp -接下来你可以通过以下命令运行Gunicorn: - -
- -```console -$ gunicorn main:app --workers 4 --worker-class uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker --bind 0.0.0.0:80 - -[19499] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.1.0 -[19499] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:80 (19499) -[19499] [INFO] Using worker: uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker -[19511] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 19511 -[19513] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 19513 -[19514] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 19514 -[19515] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 19515 -[19511] [INFO] Started server process [19511] -[19511] [INFO] Waiting for application startup. -[19511] [INFO] Application startup complete. -[19513] [INFO] Started server process [19513] -[19513] [INFO] Waiting for application startup. -[19513] [INFO] Application startup complete. -[19514] [INFO] Started server process [19514] -[19514] [INFO] Waiting for application startup. -[19514] [INFO] Application startup complete. -[19515] [INFO] Started server process [19515] -[19515] [INFO] Waiting for application startup. -[19515] [INFO] Application startup complete. -``` - -
+ module 🐍 main.py + code Importing the FastAPI app object from the module with the + following code: -让我们看看每个选项的含义： + from main import app -* `main:app`：这与 Uvicorn 使用的语法相同，`main` 表示名为"`main`"的 Python 模块，因此是文件 `main.py`。 `app` 是 **FastAPI** 应用程序的变量名称。 - * 你可以想象 `main:app` 相当于一个 Python `import` 语句，例如： + app Using import string: main:app - ```Python - from main import app - ``` + server Server started at http://0.0.0.0:8000 + server Documentation at http://0.0.0.0:8000/docs - * 因此，`main:app` 中的冒号相当于 `from main import app` 中的 Python `import` 部分。 + Logs: -* `--workers`：要使用的worker进程数量，每个进程将运行一个 Uvicorn worker进程，在本例中为 4 个worker进程。 - -* `--worker-class`：在worker进程中使用的与 Gunicorn 兼容的工作类。 - * 这里我们传递了 Gunicorn 可以导入和使用的类： - - ```Python - import uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker - ``` - -* `--bind`：这告诉 Gunicorn 要监听的 IP 和端口，使用冒号 (`:`) 分隔 IP 和端口。 - * 如果您直接运行 Uvicorn，则可以使用`--host 0.0.0.0`和`--port 80`，而不是`--bind 0.0.0.0:80`（Gunicorn 选项）。 - - -在输出中，您可以看到它显示了每个进程的 **PID**（进程 ID）（它只是一个数字）。 - -你可以看到： - -* Gunicorn **进程管理器** 以 PID `19499` 开头（在您的情况下，它将是一个不同的数字）。 -* 然后它开始`Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:80`。 -* 然后它检测到它必须使用 `uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker` 处的worker类。 -* 然后它启动**4个worker**，每个都有自己的PID：`19511`、`19513`、`19514`和`19515`。 - -Gunicorn 还将负责管理**死进程**和**重新启动**新进程（如果需要保持worker数量）。 因此，这在一定程度上有助于上面列表中**重启**的概念。 - -尽管如此，您可能还希望有一些外部的东西，以确保在必要时**重新启动 Gunicorn**，并且**在启动时运行它**等。 + INFO Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:8000 (Press CTRL+C to + quit) + INFO Started parent process [27365] + INFO Started server process [27368] + INFO Started server process [27369] + INFO Started server process [27370] + INFO Started server process [27367] + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Application startup complete. + INFO Application startup complete. + INFO Application startup complete. + INFO Application startup complete. +``` -## Uvicorn with Workers + -Uvicorn 也有一个选项可以启动和运行多个 **worker进程**。 +//// -然而，到目前为止，Uvicorn 处理worker进程的能力比 Gunicorn 更有限。 因此，如果您想拥有这个级别（Python 级别）的进程管理器，那么最好尝试使用 Gunicorn 作为进程管理器。 +//// tab | `uvicorn` -无论如何，您都可以像这样运行它： +如果您更想要直接使用 `uvicorn` 命令：
@@ -151,13 +105,15 @@ $ uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8080 --workers 4
+//// + 这里唯一的新选项是 `--workers` 告诉 Uvicorn 启动 4 个工作进程。 -您还可以看到它显示了每个进程的 **PID**，父进程（这是 **进程管理器**）的 PID 为`27365`，每个工作进程的 PID 为：`27368`、`27369`， `27370`和`27367`。 +您还可以看到它显示了每个进程的 **PID**，父进程（这是**进程管理器**）的 PID 为`27365`，每个工作进程的 PID 为：`27368`、`27369`， `27370`和`27367`。 ## 部署概念 -在这里，您了解了如何使用 **Gunicorn**（或 Uvicorn）管理 **Uvicorn 工作进程**来**并行**应用程序的执行，利用 CPU 中的 **多核**，并 能够满足**更多请求**。 +在这里，您学习了如何使用多个**工作进程（workers）**来让应用程序的执行**并行化**，充分利用 CPU 的**多核性能**，并能够处理**更多的请求**。 从上面的部署概念列表来看，使用worker主要有助于**复制**部分，并对**重新启动**有一点帮助，但您仍然需要照顾其他部分： @@ -170,15 +126,13 @@ $ uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8080 --workers 4 ## 容器和 Docker -在关于 [容器中的 FastAPI - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 的下一章中，我将介绍一些可用于处理其他 **部署概念** 的策略。 - -我还将向您展示 **官方 Docker 镜像**，其中包括 **Gunicorn 和 Uvicorn worker** 以及一些对简单情况有用的默认配置。 +在关于 [容器中的 FastAPI - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 的下一章中，我将介绍一些可用于处理其他**部署概念**的策略。 -在那里，我还将向您展示如何 **从头开始构建自己的镜像** 以运行单个 Uvicorn 进程（没有 Gunicorn）。 这是一个简单的过程，并且可能是您在使用像 **Kubernetes** 这样的分布式容器管理系统时想要做的事情。 +我将向您展示如何**从零开始构建自己的镜像**，以运行一个单独的 Uvicorn 进程。这个过程相对简单，并且在使用 **Kubernetes** 等分布式容器管理系统时，这通常是您需要采取的方法。 ## 回顾 -您可以使用**Gunicorn**（或Uvicorn）作为Uvicorn工作进程的进程管理器，以利用**多核CPU**，**并行运行多个进程**。 +您可以在使用 `fastapi` 或 `uvicorn` 命令时，通过 `--workers` CLI 选项启用多个工作进程（workers），以充分利用**多核 CPU**，以**并行运行多个进程**。 如果您要设置**自己的部署系统**，同时自己处理其他部署概念，则可以使用这些工具和想法。 From c5e2837e461ca037746b577dbc0306f8cb5bd5c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 08:13:40 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 15/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index bc122be5d..617758cba 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ hide: ### Translations +* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md`. PR [#13292](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13292) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`. PR [#13348](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13348) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). ### Internal From d0a247fc5a0d8b0edf1b2848396f765c3ffe74b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhongheng Cheng Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 04:14:47 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 16/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=8C=90=20Update=20Chinese=20transla?= =?UTF-8?q?tion=20for=20`docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md`=20(#13324)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md | 158 ++++++++++++++-------------- 1 file changed, 78 insertions(+), 80 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md b/docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md index 30ee7a1e9..3dc5942e3 100644 --- a/docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md +++ b/docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md @@ -1,159 +1,157 @@ -# 手动运行服务器 - Uvicorn +# 手动运行服务器 -在远程服务器计算机上运行 **FastAPI** 应用程序所需的主要东西是 ASGI 服务器程序，例如 **Uvicorn**。 +## 使用 `fastapi run` 命令 -有 3 个主要可选方案： +简而言之，使用 `fastapi run` 来运行您的 FastAPI 应用程序： -* Uvicorn：高性能 ASGI 服务器。 -* Hypercorn：与 HTTP/2 和 Trio 等兼容的 ASGI 服务器。 -* Daphne：为 Django Channels 构建的 ASGI 服务器。 - -## 服务器主机和服务器程序 - -关于名称，有一个小细节需要记住。 💡 - -“**服务器**”一词通常用于指远程/云计算机（物理机或虚拟机）以及在该计算机上运行的程序（例如 Uvicorn）。 +
-请记住，当您一般读到“服务器”这个名词时，它可能指的是这两者之一。 +```console +$ fastapi run main.py -当提到远程主机时，通常将其称为**服务器**，但也称为**机器**(machine)、**VM**（虚拟机）、**节点**。 这些都是指某种类型的远程计算机，通常运行 Linux，您可以在其中运行程序。 + FastAPI Starting production server 🚀 + Searching for package file structure from directories + with __init__.py files + Importing from /home/user/code/awesomeapp -## 安装服务器程序 + module 🐍 main.py -您可以使用以下命令安装 ASGI 兼容服务器： + code Importing the FastAPI app object from the module with + the following code: -//// tab | Uvicorn + from main import app -* Uvicorn，一个快如闪电 ASGI 服务器，基于 uvloop 和 httptools 构建。 + app Using import string: main:app -
+ server Server started at http://0.0.0.0:8000 + server Documentation at http://0.0.0.0:8000/docs -```console -$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]" + Logs: ----> 100% + INFO Started server process [2306215] + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Application startup complete. + INFO Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:8000 (Press CTRL+C + to quit) ```
-/// tip +这在大多数情况下都能正常运行。😎 -通过添加`standard`，Uvicorn 将安装并使用一些推荐的额外依赖项。 +例如，您可以使用该命令在容器、服务器等环境中启动您的 **FastAPI** 应用。 -其中包括`uvloop`，它是`asyncio`的高性能替代品，它提供了巨大的并发性能提升。 +## ASGI 服务器 -/// +让我们深入了解一些细节。 -//// +FastAPI 使用了一种用于构建 Python Web 框架和服务器的标准，称为 ASGI。FastAPI 本质上是一个 ASGI Web 框架。 -//// tab | Hypercorn +要在远程服务器上运行 **FastAPI** 应用（或任何其他 ASGI 应用），您需要一个 ASGI 服务器程序，例如 **Uvicorn**。它是 `fastapi` 命令默认使用的 ASGI 服务器。 -* Hypercorn，一个也与 HTTP/2 兼容的 ASGI 服务器。 - -
+除此之外，还有其他一些可选的 ASGI 服务器，例如： -```console -$ pip install hypercorn - ----> 100% -``` - -
+* Uvicorn：高性能 ASGI 服务器。 +* Hypercorn：与 HTTP/2 和 Trio 等兼容的 ASGI 服务器。 +* Daphne：为 Django Channels 构建的 ASGI 服务器。 +* Granian：基于 Rust 的 HTTP 服务器，专为 Python 应用设计。 +* NGINX Unit：NGINX Unit 是一个轻量级且灵活的 Web 应用运行时环境。 -...或任何其他 ASGI 服务器。 +## 服务器主机和服务器程序 -//// +关于名称，有一个小细节需要记住。 💡 -## 运行服务器程序 +“**服务器**”一词通常用于指远程/云计算机（物理机或虚拟机）以及在该计算机上运行的程序（例如 Uvicorn）。 -您可以按照之前教程中的相同方式运行应用程序，但不使用`--reload`选项，例如： +请记住，当您一般读到“服务器”这个名词时，它可能指的是这两者之一。 -//// tab | Uvicorn +当提到远程主机时，通常将其称为**服务器**，但也称为**机器**(machine)、**VM**（虚拟机）、**节点**。 这些都是指某种类型的远程计算机，通常运行 Linux，您可以在其中运行程序。 -
-```console -$ uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 80 +## 安装服务器程序 -INFO: Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:80 (Press CTRL+C to quit) -``` +当您安装 FastAPI 时，它自带一个生产环境服务器——Uvicorn，并且您可以使用 `fastapi run` 命令来启动它。 -
+不过，您也可以手动安装 ASGI 服务器。 -//// +请确保您创建并激活一个[虚拟环境](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}，然后再安装服务器应用程序。 -//// tab | Hypercorn +例如，要安装 Uvicorn，可以运行以下命令：
```console -$ hypercorn main:app --bind 0.0.0.0:80 +$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]" -Running on 0.0.0.0:8080 over http (CTRL + C to quit) +---> 100% ```
-//// +类似的流程也适用于任何其他 ASGI 服务器程序。 -/// warning +/// tip -如果您正在使用`--reload`选项，请记住删除它。 +通过添加 `standard` 选项，Uvicorn 将安装并使用一些推荐的额外依赖项。 - `--reload` 选项消耗更多资源，并且更不稳定。 +其中包括 `uvloop`，这是 `asyncio` 的高性能替代方案，能够显著提升并发性能。 - 它在**开发**期间有很大帮助，但您**不应该**在**生产环境**中使用它。 +当您使用 `pip install "fastapi[standard]"` 安装 FastAPI 时，实际上也会安装 `uvicorn[standard]`。 /// -## Hypercorn with Trio - -Starlette 和 **FastAPI** 基于 AnyIO， 所以它们才能同时与 Python 的标准库 asyncio 和Trio 兼容。 - -尽管如此，Uvicorn 目前仅与 asyncio 兼容，并且通常使用 `uvloop`, 它是`asyncio`的高性能替代品。 - -但如果你想直接使用**Trio**，那么你可以使用**Hypercorn**，因为它支持它。 ✨ - -### 安装具有 Trio 的 Hypercorn +## 运行服务器程序 -首先，您需要安装具有 Trio 支持的 Hypercorn： +如果您手动安装了 ASGI 服务器，通常需要以特定格式传递一个导入字符串，以便服务器能够正确导入您的 FastAPI 应用：
```console -$ pip install "hypercorn[trio]" ----> 100% +$ uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 80 + +INFO: Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:80 (Press CTRL+C to quit) ```
-### Run with Trio +/// note -然后你可以传递值`trio`给命令行选项`--worker-class`: +命令 `uvicorn main:app` 的含义如下： -
+* `main`：指的是 `main.py` 文件（即 Python “模块”）。 +* `app`：指的是 `main.py` 文件中通过 `app = FastAPI()` 创建的对象。 -```console -$ hypercorn main:app --worker-class trio +它等价于以下导入语句： + +```Python +from main import app ``` -
+/// + +每种 ASGI 服务器程序通常都会有类似的命令，您可以在它们的官方文档中找到更多信息。 + +/// warning + +Uvicorn 和其他服务器支持 `--reload` 选项，该选项在开发过程中非常有用。 -这将通过您的应用程序启动 Hypercorn，并使用 Trio 作为后端。 +但 `--reload` 选项会消耗更多资源，且相对不稳定。 -现在您可以在应用程序内部使用 Trio。 或者更好的是，您可以使用 AnyIO，使您的代码与 Trio 和 asyncio 兼容。 🎉 +它对于**开发阶段**非常有帮助，但在**生产环境**中**不应该**使用。 + +/// ## 部署概念 -这些示例运行服务器程序（例如 Uvicorn），启动**单个进程**，在所有 IP（`0.0.0.0`)上监听预定义端口（例如`80`)。 +这些示例运行服务器程序（例如 Uvicorn），启动**单个进程**，在所有 IP（`0.0.0.0`）上监听预定义端口（例如`80`）。 这是基本思路。 但您可能需要处理一些其他事情，例如： * 安全性 - HTTPS * 启动时运行 * 重新启动 -* Replication（运行的进程数） +* 复制（运行的进程数） * 内存 * 开始前的步骤 From 94ae778082ce6d9ce22c0088f234cc19dc012d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhongheng Cheng Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 04:15:11 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 17/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=8C=90=20Update=20Chinese=20transla?= =?UTF-8?q?tion=20for=20`docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md`=20(#13374)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md | 80 +++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 45 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md b/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md index ab19f02c5..3ca927337 100644 --- a/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md +++ b/docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md @@ -1,34 +1,58 @@ # 教程 - 用户指南 -本教程将一步步向你展示如何使用 **FastAPI** 的绝大部分特性。 +本教程将一步步向您展示如何使用 **FastAPI** 的绝大部分特性。 -各个章节的内容循序渐进，但是又围绕着单独的主题，所以你可以直接跳转到某个章节以解决你的特定需求。 +各个章节的内容循序渐进，但是又围绕着单独的主题，所以您可以直接跳转到某个章节以解决您的特定需求。 -本教程同样可以作为将来的参考手册。 - -你可以随时回到本教程并查阅你需要的内容。 +本教程同样可以作为将来的参考手册，所以您可以随时回到本教程并查阅您需要的内容。 ## 运行代码 所有代码片段都可以复制后直接使用（它们实际上是经过测试的 Python 文件）。 -要运行任何示例，请将代码复制到 `main.py` 文件中，然后使用以下命令启动 `uvicorn`： +要运行任何示例，请将代码复制到 `main.py` 文件中，然后使用以下命令启动 `fastapi dev`：
```console -$ uvicorn main:app --reload +$ fastapi dev main.py + + FastAPI Starting development server 🚀 + + Searching for package file structure from directories + with __init__.py files + Importing from /home/user/code/awesomeapp + + module 🐍 main.py + + code Importing the FastAPI app object from the module with + the following code: + + from main import app + + app Using import string: main:app + + server Server started at http://127.0.0.1:8000 + server Documentation at http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs + + tip Running in development mode, for production use: + fastapi run + + Logs: -INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit) -INFO: Started reloader process [28720] -INFO: Started server process [28722] -INFO: Waiting for application startup. -INFO: Application startup complete. + INFO Will watch for changes in these directories: + ['/home/user/code/awesomeapp'] + INFO Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C + to quit) + INFO Started reloader process [383138] using WatchFiles + INFO Started server process [383153] + INFO Waiting for application startup. + INFO Application startup complete. ```
-强烈建议你在本地编写或复制代码，对其进行编辑并运行。 +**强烈建议**您在本地编写或复制代码，对其进行编辑并运行。 在编辑器中使用 FastAPI 会真正地展现出它的优势：只需要编写很少的代码，所有的类型检查，代码补全等等。 @@ -36,48 +60,34 @@ $ uvicorn main:app --reload ## 安装 FastAPI -第一个步骤是安装 FastAPI。 +第一个步骤是安装 FastAPI. -为了使用本教程，你可能需要安装所有的可选依赖及对应功能： +请确保您创建并激活一个[虚拟环境](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}，然后**安装 FastAPI**：
```console -$ pip install "fastapi[all]" +$ pip install "fastapi[standard]" ---> 100% ```
-......以上安装还包括了 `uvicorn`，你可以将其用作运行代码的服务器。 - /// note -你也可以分开来安装。 - -假如你想将应用程序部署到生产环境，你可能要执行以下操作： - -``` -pip install fastapi -``` - -并且安装`uvicorn`来作为服务器： - -``` -pip install "uvicorn[standard]" -``` +当您使用 `pip install "fastapi[standard]"` 进行安装时，它会附带一些默认的可选标准依赖项。 -然后对你想使用的每个可选依赖项也执行相同的操作。 +如果您不想安装这些可选依赖，可以选择安装 `pip install fastapi`。 /// ## 进阶用户指南 -在本**教程-用户指南**之后，你可以阅读**进阶用户指南**。 +在本**教程-用户指南**之后，您可以阅读**进阶用户指南**。 **进阶用户指南**以本教程为基础，使用相同的概念，并教授一些额外的特性。 -但是你应该先阅读**教程-用户指南**（即你现在正在阅读的内容）。 +但是您应该先阅读**教程-用户指南**（即您现在正在阅读的内容）。 -教程经过精心设计，使你可以仅通过**教程-用户指南**来开发一个完整的应用程序，然后根据你的需要，使用**进阶用户指南**中的一些其他概念，以不同的方式来扩展它。 +教程经过精心设计，使您可以仅通过**教程-用户指南**来开发一个完整的应用程序，然后根据您的需要，使用**进阶用户指南**中的一些其他概念，以不同的方式来扩展它。 From 4749ff586c5f4951aec9b3724bbc3fd163e46bdf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 08:16:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 18/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 617758cba..a869743d4 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ hide: ### Translations +* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md`. PR [#13324](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13324) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md`. PR [#13292](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13292) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`. PR [#13348](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13348) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). From 921e2e58816bc21555bfe5498912cc5fafe5f168 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 08:16:36 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 19/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index a869743d4..955bc6467 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ hide: ### Translations +* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md`. PR [#13374](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13374) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md`. PR [#13324](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13324) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md`. PR [#13292](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13292) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`. PR [#13348](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13348) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). From cfdcad1dd2ad6821129d8151b7d1171d4efa04aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=D0=9A=D0=BE=D0=BD=D1=81=D1=82=D0=B0=D0=BD=D1=82=D0=B8?= =?UTF-8?q?=D0=BD=20=D0=A0=D0=BE=D1=89=D1=83=D0=BF=D0=BA=D0=B8=D0=BD?= <53541518+minaton-ru@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 11:20:29 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 20/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=8C=90=20Add=20Russian=20translatio?= =?UTF-8?q?n=20for=20`docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md`=20(#13?= =?UTF-8?q?526)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 72 insertions(+) create mode 100644 docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md diff --git a/docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md b/docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4f54e3e15 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +# Модели Header-параметров + +Если у вас есть группа связанных **header-параметров**, то вы можете объединить их в одну **Pydantic-модель**. + +Это позволит вам **переиспользовать модель** в **разных местах**, а также задать валидацию и метаданные сразу для всех параметров. 😎 + +/// note | Заметка + +Этот функционал доступен в FastAPI начиная с версии `0.115.0`. 🤓 + +/// + +## Header-параметры в виде Pydantic-модели + +Объявите нужные **header-параметры** в **Pydantic-модели** и затем аннотируйте параметр как `Header`: + +{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9:14,18] *} + +**FastAPI** **извлечёт** данные для **каждого поля** из **заголовков** запроса и выдаст заданную вами Pydantic-модель. + +## Проверьте документацию + +Вы можете посмотреть нужные header-параметры в графическом интерфейсе сгенерированной документации по пути `/docs`: + +
+ +
+ +## Как запретить дополнительные заголовки + +В некоторых случаях (не особо часто встречающихся) вам может понадобиться **ограничить** заголовки, которые вы хотите получать. + +Вы можете использовать возможности конфигурации Pydantic-модели для того, чтобы запретить (`forbid`) любые дополнительные (`extra`) поля: + +{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *} + +Если клиент попробует отправить **дополнительные заголовки**, то в ответ он получит **ошибку**. + +Например, если клиент попытается отправить заголовок `tool` со значением `plumbus`, то в ответ он получит ошибку, сообщающую ему, что header-параметр `tool` не разрешен: + +```json +{ + "detail": [ + { + "type": "extra_forbidden", + "loc": ["header", "tool"], + "msg": "Extra inputs are not permitted", + "input": "plumbus", + } + ] +} +``` + +## Как отключить автоматическое преобразование подчеркиваний + +Как и в случае с обычными заголовками, если у вас в именах параметров имеются символы подчеркивания, они **автоматически преобразовываются в дефис**. + +Например, если в коде есть header-параметр `save_data`, то ожидаемый HTTP-заголовок будет `save-data` и именно так он будет отображаться в документации. + +Если по каким-то причинам вам нужно отключить данное автоматическое преобразование, это можно сделать и для Pydantic-моделей для header-параметров. + +{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial003_an_py310.py hl[19] *} + +/// warning | Внимание + +Перед тем как устанавливать для параметра `convert_underscores` значение `False`, имейте в виду, что некоторые HTTP-прокси и серверы не разрешают использовать заголовки с символами подчеркивания. + +/// + +## Резюме + +Вы можете использовать **Pydantic-модели** для объявления **header-параметров** в **FastAPI**. 😎 From 1d434dec47e43e221bc10115bd1f0844956f9437 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: github-actions Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2025 08:21:02 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 21/21] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9D=20Update=20release=20notes?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit [skip ci] --- docs/en/docs/release-notes.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md index 955bc6467..264dfb2ab 100644 --- a/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md +++ b/docs/en/docs/release-notes.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ hide: ### Translations +* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/tutorial/header-param-models.md`. PR [#13526](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13526) by [@minaton-ru](https://github.com/minaton-ru). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/index.md`. PR [#13374](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13374) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/manually.md`. PR [#13324](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13324) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng). * 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/deployment/server-workers.md`. PR [#13292](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/13292) by [@Zhongheng-Cheng](https://github.com/Zhongheng-Cheng).