diff --git a/fastapi/applications.py b/fastapi/applications.py
index 05c7bd2be..d0885162f 100644
--- a/fastapi/applications.py
+++ b/fastapi/applications.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ from fastapi.openapi.docs import (
     get_swagger_ui_html,
     get_swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_html,
 )
+from fastapi.openapi.models import DefaultErrorSchema
 from fastapi.openapi.utils import get_openapi
 from fastapi.params import Depends
 from fastapi.types import DecoratedCallable, IncEx
@@ -695,6 +696,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
                 """
             ),
         ] = None,
+        default_error_schema: Optional[DefaultErrorSchema] = None,
         callbacks: Annotated[
             Optional[List[BaseRoute]],
             Doc(
@@ -871,6 +873,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
             ),
         ] = "3.1.0"
         self.openapi_schema: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+        self.default_error_schema = default_error_schema
         if self.openapi_url:
             assert self.title, "A title must be provided for OpenAPI, e.g.: 'My API'"
             assert self.version, "A version must be provided for OpenAPI, e.g.: '2.1.0'"
@@ -987,6 +990,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
                 terms_of_service=self.terms_of_service,
                 contact=self.contact,
                 license_info=self.license_info,
+                default_error_schema=self.default_error_schema,
                 routes=self.routes,
                 webhooks=self.webhooks.routes,
                 tags=self.openapi_tags,
diff --git a/fastapi/openapi/models.py b/fastapi/openapi/models.py
index ed07b40f5..40b26086c 100644
--- a/fastapi/openapi/models.py
+++ b/fastapi/openapi/models.py
@@ -228,6 +228,12 @@ class Example(TypedDict, total=False):
             extra = "allow"
 
 
+class DefaultErrorSchema(BaseModel):
+    status: int
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    model: BaseModel
+
+
 class ParameterInType(Enum):
     query = "query"
     header = "header"
diff --git a/fastapi/openapi/utils.py b/fastapi/openapi/utils.py
index 808646cc2..2e555e336 100644
--- a/fastapi/openapi/utils.py
+++ b/fastapi/openapi/utils.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ from fastapi.dependencies.utils import (
 )
 from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
 from fastapi.openapi.constants import METHODS_WITH_BODY, REF_PREFIX, REF_TEMPLATE
-from fastapi.openapi.models import OpenAPI
+from fastapi.openapi.models import DefaultErrorSchema, OpenAPI
 from fastapi.params import Body, ParamTypes
 from fastapi.responses import Response
 from fastapi.types import ModelNameMap
@@ -261,6 +261,7 @@ def get_openapi_path(
         Tuple[ModelField, Literal["validation", "serialization"]], JsonSchemaValue
     ],
     separate_input_output_schemas: bool = True,
+    default_error_schema: Optional[DefaultErrorSchema] = None,
 ) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]]:
     path = {}
     security_schemes: Dict[str, Any] = {}
@@ -418,7 +419,28 @@ def get_openapi_path(
                     openapi_response["description"] = description
             http422 = str(HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY)
             all_route_params = get_flat_params(route.dependant)
-            if (all_route_params or route.body_field) and not any(
+            if default_error_schema is not None:
+                operation["responses"][default_error_schema["status"]] = {
+                    "description": default_error_schema["description"],
+                    "content": {
+                        "application/json": {
+                            "schema": {
+                                "$ref": REF_PREFIX + default_error_schema["name"]
+                            }
+                        },
+                    },
+                }
+                definitions.update(
+                    {
+                        default_error_schema["name"]: {
+                            "title": default_error_schema["name"],
+                            "type": "object",
+                            "properties": default_error_schema["properties"],
+                            "required": default_error_schema["required"],
+                        }
+                    }
+                )
+            elif (all_route_params or route.body_field) and not any(
                 status in operation["responses"]
                 for status in [http422, "4XX", "default"]
             ):
@@ -482,6 +504,7 @@ def get_openapi(
     summary: Optional[str] = None,
     description: Optional[str] = None,
     routes: Sequence[BaseRoute],
+    default_error_schema: Optional[DefaultErrorSchema] = None,
     webhooks: Optional[Sequence[BaseRoute]] = None,
     tags: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
     servers: Optional[List[Dict[str, Union[str, Any]]]] = None,
@@ -526,6 +549,7 @@ def get_openapi(
                 model_name_map=model_name_map,
                 field_mapping=field_mapping,
                 separate_input_output_schemas=separate_input_output_schemas,
+                default_error_schema=default_error_schema,
             )
             if result:
                 path, security_schemes, path_definitions = result