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  1. 4
      .github/workflows/build-docs.yml
  2. 16
      .github/workflows/deploy-docs.yml
  3. 16
      .github/workflows/publish.yml
  4. 11
      .github/workflows/smokeshow.yml
  5. 18
      .github/workflows/test-redistribute.yml
  6. 11
      .github/workflows/test.yml
  7. 88
      README.md
  8. 6
      docs/az/docs/index.md
  9. 2
      docs/bn/docs/index.md
  10. 2
      docs/de/docs/advanced/generate-clients.md
  11. 4
      docs/de/docs/deployment/manually.md
  12. 4
      docs/de/docs/how-to/custom-docs-ui-assets.md
  13. 2
      docs/de/docs/how-to/graphql.md
  14. 10
      docs/de/docs/index.md
  15. 4
      docs/em/docs/deployment/manually.md
  16. 2
      docs/em/docs/how-to/graphql.md
  17. 2
      docs/em/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md
  18. 14
      docs/en/data/external_links.yml
  19. 175
      docs/en/data/github_sponsors.yml
  20. 994
      docs/en/data/people.yml
  21. 19
      docs/en/data/sponsors.yml
  22. 2
      docs/en/data/sponsors_badge.yml
  23. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/additional-responses.md
  24. 12
      docs/en/docs/advanced/behind-a-proxy.md
  25. 8
      docs/en/docs/advanced/custom-response.md
  26. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/generate-clients.md
  27. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/openapi-callbacks.md
  28. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/openapi-webhooks.md
  29. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration.md
  30. 98
      docs/en/docs/advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md
  31. 4
      docs/en/docs/advanced/settings.md
  32. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/templates.md
  33. 4
      docs/en/docs/advanced/websockets.md
  34. 2
      docs/en/docs/advanced/wsgi.md
  35. 2
      docs/en/docs/async.md
  36. 4
      docs/en/docs/css/custom.css
  37. 1
      docs/en/docs/css/termynal.css
  38. 2
      docs/en/docs/deployment/concepts.md
  39. 39
      docs/en/docs/deployment/docker.md
  40. 92
      docs/en/docs/deployment/manually.md
  41. 80
      docs/en/docs/fastapi-cli.md
  42. 4
      docs/en/docs/features.md
  43. 8
      docs/en/docs/how-to/custom-docs-ui-assets.md
  44. 2
      docs/en/docs/how-to/graphql.md
  45. 2
      docs/en/docs/how-to/nosql-databases-couchbase.md
  46. BIN
      docs/en/docs/img/sponsors/fine-banner.png
  47. BIN
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      docs/en/docs/img/sponsors/kong-banner.png
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      docs/en/docs/img/sponsors/zuplo-banner.png
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  53. 79
      docs/en/docs/index.md
  54. 2
      docs/en/docs/js/custom.js
  55. 2
      docs/en/docs/python-types.md
  56. 159
      docs/en/docs/release-notes.md
  57. 2
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/background-tasks.md
  58. 2
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/body-multiple-params.md
  59. 2
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md
  60. 2
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/sub-dependencies.md
  61. 91
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md
  62. 6
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/handling-errors.md
  63. 75
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/index.md
  64. 6
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/path-params-numeric-validations.md
  65. 8
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/query-params-str-validations.md
  66. 8
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/first-steps.md
  67. 58
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md
  68. 2
      docs/en/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md
  69. 1
      docs/en/mkdocs.yml
  70. 20
      docs/en/overrides/main.html
  71. 56
      docs/es/docs/how-to/graphql.md
  72. 8
      docs/es/docs/index.md
  73. 2
      docs/fa/docs/index.md
  74. 34
      docs/fr/docs/async.md
  75. 4
      docs/fr/docs/deployment/manually.md
  76. 6
      docs/fr/docs/index.md
  77. 5
      docs/fr/docs/learn/index.md
  78. 2
      docs/he/docs/index.md
  79. 6
      docs/hu/docs/index.md
  80. 2
      docs/it/docs/index.md
  81. 2
      docs/ja/docs/deployment/manually.md
  82. 6
      docs/ja/docs/index.md
  83. 8
      docs/ko/docs/index.md
  84. 2
      docs/ko/docs/tutorial/body-nested-models.md
  85. 130
      docs/ko/docs/tutorial/extra-data-types.md
  86. 12
      docs/ko/docs/tutorial/response-status-code.md
  87. 178
      docs/pl/docs/fastapi-people.md
  88. 8
      docs/pl/docs/index.md
  89. 240
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/additional-responses.md
  90. 69
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/additional-status-codes.md
  91. 138
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/advanced-dependencies.md
  92. 95
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/async-tests.md
  93. 34
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/benchmarks.md
  94. 51
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/openapi-webhooks.md
  95. 485
      docs/pt/docs/advanced/settings.md
  96. 2
      docs/pt/docs/deployment.md
  97. 84
      docs/pt/docs/fastapi-cli.md
  98. 39
      docs/pt/docs/how-to/general.md
  99. 11
      docs/pt/docs/how-to/index.md
  100. 8
      docs/pt/docs/index.md

4
.github/workflows/build-docs.yml

@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ jobs:
path: docs/${{ matrix.lang }}/.cache
- name: Build Docs
run: python ./scripts/docs.py build-lang ${{ matrix.lang }}
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: docs-site
name: docs-site-${{ matrix.lang }}
path: ./site/**
# https://github.com/marketplace/actions/alls-green#why

16
.github/workflows/deploy-docs.yml

@ -19,18 +19,16 @@ jobs:
run: |
rm -rf ./site
mkdir ./site
- name: Download Artifact Docs
id: download
uses: dawidd6/[email protected]
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
with:
if_no_artifact_found: ignore
github_token: ${{ secrets.FASTAPI_PREVIEW_DOCS_DOWNLOAD_ARTIFACTS }}
workflow: build-docs.yml
run_id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
name: docs-site
path: ./site/
pattern: docs-site-*
merge-multiple: true
github-token: ${{ secrets.FASTAPI_PREVIEW_DOCS_DOWNLOAD_ARTIFACTS }}
run-id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
- name: Deploy to Cloudflare Pages
if: steps.download.outputs.found_artifact == 'true'
# hashFiles returns an empty string if there are no files
if: hashFiles('./site/*')
id: deploy
uses: cloudflare/pages-action@v1
with:

16
.github/workflows/publish.yml

@ -8,6 +8,13 @@ on:
jobs:
publish:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
matrix:
package:
- fastapi
- fastapi-slim
permissions:
id-token: write
steps:
- name: Dump GitHub context
env:
@ -21,19 +28,14 @@ jobs:
# Issue ref: https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/436
# cache: "pip"
# cache-dependency-path: pyproject.toml
- uses: actions/cache@v4
id: cache
with:
path: ${{ env.pythonLocation }}
key: ${{ runner.os }}-python-${{ env.pythonLocation }}-${{ hashFiles('pyproject.toml') }}-publish
- name: Install build dependencies
run: pip install build
- name: Build distribution
env:
TIANGOLO_BUILD_PACKAGE: ${{ matrix.package }}
run: python -m build
- name: Publish
uses: pypa/[email protected]
with:
password: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
- name: Dump GitHub context
env:
GITHUB_CONTEXT: ${{ toJson(github) }}

11
.github/workflows/smokeshow.yml

@ -24,13 +24,14 @@ jobs:
- run: pip install smokeshow
- uses: dawidd6/[email protected].4
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
with:
github_token: ${{ secrets.FASTAPI_SMOKESHOW_DOWNLOAD_ARTIFACTS }}
workflow: test.yml
commit: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha }}
name: coverage-html
path: htmlcov
github-token: ${{ secrets.FASTAPI_SMOKESHOW_DOWNLOAD_ARTIFACTS }}
run-id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
- run: smokeshow upload coverage-html
- run: smokeshow upload htmlcov
env:
SMOKESHOW_GITHUB_STATUS_DESCRIPTION: Coverage {coverage-percentage}
SMOKESHOW_GITHUB_COVERAGE_THRESHOLD: 100

18
.github/workflows/test-redistribute.yml

@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ on:
jobs:
test-redistribute:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
matrix:
package:
- fastapi
- fastapi-slim
steps:
- name: Dump GitHub context
env:
@ -22,12 +27,11 @@ jobs:
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: "3.10"
# Issue ref: https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/436
# cache: "pip"
# cache-dependency-path: pyproject.toml
- name: Install build dependencies
run: pip install build
- name: Build source distribution
env:
TIANGOLO_BUILD_PACKAGE: ${{ matrix.package }}
run: python -m build --sdist
- name: Decompress source distribution
run: |
@ -35,16 +39,18 @@ jobs:
tar xvf fastapi*.tar.gz
- name: Install test dependencies
run: |
cd dist/fastapi-*/
cd dist/fastapi*/
pip install -r requirements-tests.txt
env:
TIANGOLO_BUILD_PACKAGE: ${{ matrix.package }}
- name: Run source distribution tests
run: |
cd dist/fastapi-*/
cd dist/fastapi*/
bash scripts/test.sh
- name: Build wheel distribution
run: |
cd dist
pip wheel --no-deps fastapi-*.tar.gz
pip wheel --no-deps fastapi*.tar.gz
- name: Dump GitHub context
env:
GITHUB_CONTEXT: ${{ toJson(github) }}

11
.github/workflows/test.yml

@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ jobs:
COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage.${{ runner.os }}-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
CONTEXT: ${{ runner.os }}-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
- name: Store coverage files
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: coverage
name: coverage-${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ matrix.pydantic-version }}
path: coverage
coverage-combine:
@ -108,17 +108,18 @@ jobs:
# cache: "pip"
# cache-dependency-path: pyproject.toml
- name: Get coverage files
uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
with:
name: coverage
pattern: coverage-*
path: coverage
merge-multiple: true
- run: pip install coverage[toml]
- run: ls -la coverage
- run: coverage combine coverage
- run: coverage report
- run: coverage html --show-contexts --title "Coverage for ${{ github.sha }}"
- name: Store coverage HTML
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: coverage-html
path: htmlcov

88
README.md

@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
---
FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3.8+ based on standard Python type hints.
FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python based on standard Python type hints.
The key features are:
@ -53,14 +53,17 @@ The key features are:
<a href="https://reflex.dev" target="_blank" title="Reflex"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/reflex.png"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/scalar/scalar/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=main-badge" target="_blank" title="Scalar: Beautiful Open-Source API References from Swagger/OpenAPI files"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/scalar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://www.propelauth.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=1223&utm_medium=mainbadge" target="_blank" title="Auth, user management and more for your B2B product"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/propelauth.png"></a>
<a href="https://www.withcoherence.com/?utm_medium=advertising&utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=banner%20january%2024" target="_blank" title="Coherence"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/coherence.png"></a>
<a href="https://docs.withcoherence.com/configuration/frameworks/?utm_medium=advertising&utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=docs#fastapi-example" target="_blank" title="Coherence"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/coherence.png"></a>
<a href="https://www.mongodb.com/developer/languages/python/python-quickstart-fastapi/?utm_campaign=fastapi_framework&utm_source=fastapi_sponsorship&utm_medium=web_referral" target="_blank" title="Simplify Full Stack Development with FastAPI & MongoDB"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/mongodb.png"></a>
<a href="https://training.talkpython.fm/fastapi-courses" target="_blank" title="FastAPI video courses on demand from people you trust"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/talkpython-v2.jpg"></a>
<a href="https://konghq.com/products/kong-konnect?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_campaign=platform&utm_content=fast-api" target="_blank" title="Kong Konnect - API management platform"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/kong.png"></a>
<a href="https://zuplo.link/fastapi-gh" target="_blank" title="Zuplo: Scale, Protect, Document, and Monetize your FastAPI"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/zuplo.png"></a>
<a href="https://fine.dev?ref=fastapibadge" target="_blank" title="Fine's AI FastAPI Workflow: Effortlessly Deploy and Integrate FastAPI into Your Project"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/fine.png"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/deepset-ai/haystack/" target="_blank" title="Build powerful search from composable, open source building blocks"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/haystack-fastapi.svg"></a>
<a href="https://databento.com/" target="_blank" title="Pay as you go for market data"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/databento.svg"></a>
<a href="https://speakeasyapi.dev?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" target="_blank" title="SDKs for your API | Speakeasy"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/speakeasy.png"></a>
<a href="https://speakeasy.com?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" target="_blank" title="SDKs for your API | Speakeasy"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/speakeasy.png"></a>
<a href="https://www.svix.com/" target="_blank" title="Svix - Webhooks as a service"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/svix.svg"></a>
<a href="https://www.codacy.com/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=sponsors&utm_id=pioneers" target="_blank" title="Take code reviews from hours to minutes"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/codacy.png"></a>
<a href="https://www.stainlessapi.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=referral" target="_blank" title="Stainless | Generate best-in-class SDKs"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/stainless.png"></a>
<!-- /sponsors -->
@ -122,8 +125,6 @@ If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be
## Requirements
Python 3.8+
FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
@ -141,18 +142,6 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]"
---> 100%
```
</div>
## Example
### Create it
@ -213,11 +202,24 @@ Run the server with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
$ fastapi dev main.py
╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮
│ │
│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │
│ │
│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │
│ │
│ Running in development mode, for production use: │
│ │
│ fastapi run │
│ │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
INFO: Will watch for changes in these directories: ['/home/user/code/awesomeapp']
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO: Started reloader process [28720]
INFO: Started server process [28722]
INFO: Started reloader process [2248755] using WatchFiles
INFO: Started server process [2248757]
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
INFO: Application startup complete.
```
@ -225,13 +227,13 @@ INFO: Application startup complete.
</div>
<details markdown="1">
<summary>About the command <code>uvicorn main:app --reload</code>...</summary>
<summary>About the command <code>fastapi dev main.py</code>...</summary>
The command `uvicorn main:app` refers to:
The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
* `main`: the file `main.py` (the Python "module").
* `app`: the object created inside of `main.py` with the line `app = FastAPI()`.
* `--reload`: make the server restart after code changes. Only do this for development.
By default, `fastapi dev` will start with auto-reload enabled for local development.
You can read more about it in the <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-cli/" target="_blank">FastAPI CLI docs</a>.
</details>
@ -304,7 +306,7 @@ def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
```
The server should reload automatically (because you added `--reload` to the `uvicorn` command above).
The `fastapi dev` server should reload automatically.
### Interactive API docs upgrade
@ -338,7 +340,7 @@ You do that with standard modern Python types.
You don't have to learn a new syntax, the methods or classes of a specific library, etc.
Just standard **Python 3.8+**.
Just standard **Python**.
For example, for an `int`:
@ -448,7 +450,7 @@ Independent TechEmpower benchmarks show **FastAPI** applications running under U
To understand more about it, see the section <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/benchmarks/" class="internal-link" target="_blank">Benchmarks</a>.
## Optional Dependencies
## Dependencies
Used by Pydantic:
@ -461,16 +463,36 @@ Used by Starlette:
* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
* <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
* <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
* <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
* `fastapi-cli` - to provide the `fastapi` command.
When you install `fastapi` it comes these standard dependencies.
Additional optional dependencies:
* <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `UJSONResponse`.
You can install all of these with `pip install "fastapi[all]"`.
## `fastapi-slim`
If you don't want the extra standard optional dependencies, install `fastapi-slim` instead.
When you install with:
```bash
pip install fastapi
```
...it includes the same code and dependencies as:
```bash
pip install "fastapi-slim[standard]"
```
The standard extra dependencies are the ones mentioned above.
## License

6
docs/az/docs/index.md

@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
---
FastAPI Python 3.8+ ilə API yaratmaq üçün standart Python <abbr title="Tip Məsləhətləri: Type Hints">tip məsləhətlərinə</abbr> əsaslanan, müasir, sürətli (yüksək performanslı) framework-dür.
FastAPI Python ilə API yaratmaq üçün standart Python <abbr title="Tip Məsləhətləri: Type Hints">tip məsləhətlərinə</abbr> əsaslanan, müasir, sürətli (yüksək performanslı) framework-dür.
Əsas xüsusiyyətləri bunlardır:
@ -115,8 +115,6 @@ FastAPI Python 3.8+ ilə API yaratmaq üçün standart Python <abbr title="Tip M
## Tələblər
Python 3.8+
FastAPI nəhənglərin çiyinlərində dayanır:
* Web tərəfi üçün <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>.
@ -330,7 +328,7 @@ Bunu standart müasir Python tipləri ilə edirsiniz.
Yeni sintaksis, müəyyən bir kitabxananın metodlarını və ya siniflərini və s. öyrənmək məcburiyyətində deyilsiniz.
Sadəcə standart **Python 3.8+**.
Sadəcə standart **Python**.
Məsələn, `int` üçün:

2
docs/bn/docs/index.md

@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
আপনার একটি ASGI সার্ভারেরও প্রয়োজন হবে, প্রোডাকশনের জন্য <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> অথবা <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
আপনার একটি ASGI সার্ভারেরও প্রয়োজন হবে, প্রোডাকশনের জন্য <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> অথবা <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">

2
docs/de/docs/advanced/generate-clients.md

@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Einige von diesen ✨ [**sponsern FastAPI**](../help-fastapi.md#den-autor-sponse
Und es zeigt deren wahres Engagement für FastAPI und seine **Community** (Sie), da diese Ihnen nicht nur einen **guten Service** bieten möchten, sondern auch sicherstellen möchten, dass Sie über ein **gutes und gesundes Framework** verfügen, FastAPI. 🙇
Beispielsweise könnten Sie <a href="https://speakeasyapi.dev/?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" class="external-link" target="_blank">Speakeasy</a> ausprobieren.
Beispielsweise könnten Sie <a href="https://speakeasy.com/?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" class="external-link" target="_blank">Speakeasy</a> ausprobieren.
Es gibt auch mehrere andere Unternehmen, welche ähnliche Dienste anbieten und die Sie online suchen und finden können. 🤓

4
docs/de/docs/deployment/manually.md

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Das Wichtigste, was Sie zum Ausführen einer **FastAPI**-Anwendung auf einer ent
Es gibt 3 Hauptalternativen:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: ein hochperformanter ASGI-Server.
* <a href="https://pgjones.gitlab.io/hypercorn/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: ein ASGI-Server, der unter anderem mit HTTP/2 und Trio kompatibel ist.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: ein ASGI-Server, der unter anderem mit HTTP/2 und Trio kompatibel ist.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">Daphne</a>: Der für Django Channels entwickelte ASGI-Server.
## Servermaschine und Serverprogramm
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Sie können einen ASGI-kompatiblen Server installieren mit:
=== "Hypercorn"
* <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, ein ASGI-Server, der auch mit HTTP/2 kompatibel ist.
* <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, ein ASGI-Server, der auch mit HTTP/2 kompatibel ist.
<div class="termy">

4
docs/de/docs/how-to/custom-docs-ui-assets.md

@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ Sie können wahrscheinlich mit der rechten Maustaste auf jeden Link klicken und
**Swagger UI** verwendet folgende Dateien:
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5.9.0/swagger-ui-bundle.js" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui-bundle.js`</a>
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5.9.0/swagger-ui.css" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui.css`</a>
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5/swagger-ui-bundle.js" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui-bundle.js`</a>
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5/swagger-ui.css" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui.css`</a>
Und **ReDoc** verwendet diese Datei:

2
docs/de/docs/how-to/graphql.md

@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Hier sind einige der **GraphQL**-Bibliotheken, welche **ASGI** unterstützen. Di
* <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry</a> 🍓
* Mit <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/docs/integrations/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation für FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Ariadne</a>
* Mit <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/starlette-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation für Starlette</a> (welche auch für FastAPI gilt)
* Mit <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/fastapi-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation für FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://tartiflette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tartiflette</a>
* Mit <a href="https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tartiflette ASGI</a>, für ASGI-Integration
* <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Graphene</a>

10
docs/de/docs/index.md

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI ist ein modernes, schnelles (hoch performantes) Webframework zur Erstellung von APIs mit Python 3.8+ auf Basis von Standard-Python-Typhinweisen.
FastAPI ist ein modernes, schnelles (hoch performantes) Webframework zur Erstellung von APIs mit Python auf Basis von Standard-Python-Typhinweisen.
Seine Schlüssel-Merkmale sind:
@ -125,8 +125,6 @@ Wenn Sie eine <abbr title="Command Line Interface – Kommandozeilen-Schnittstel
## Anforderungen
Python 3.8+
FastAPI steht auf den Schultern von Giganten:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> für die Webanteile.
@ -144,7 +142,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
Sie benötigen außerdem einen <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface – Asynchrone Server-Verbindungsschnittstelle">ASGI</abbr>-Server. Für die Produktumgebung beispielsweise <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> oder <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
Sie benötigen außerdem einen <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface – Asynchrone Server-Verbindungsschnittstelle">ASGI</abbr>-Server. Für die Produktumgebung beispielsweise <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> oder <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
@ -340,7 +338,7 @@ Das machen Sie mit modernen Standard-Python-Typen.
Sie müssen keine neue Syntax, Methoden oder Klassen einer bestimmten Bibliothek usw. lernen.
Nur Standard-**Python 3.8+**.
Nur Standard-**Python+**.
Zum Beispiel für ein `int`:
@ -462,7 +460,7 @@ Wird von Starlette verwendet:
* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie den `TestClient` verwenden möchten.
* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie die Standardkonfiguration für Templates verwenden möchten.
* <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie Formulare mittels `request.form()` <abbr title="Konvertieren des Strings, der aus einer HTTP-Anfrage stammt, nach Python-Daten">„parsen“</abbr> möchten.
* <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie Formulare mittels `request.form()` <abbr title="Konvertieren des Strings, der aus einer HTTP-Anfrage stammt, nach Python-Daten">„parsen“</abbr> möchten.
* <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - erforderlich für `SessionMiddleware` Unterstützung.
* <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - erforderlich für Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` Unterstützung (Sie brauchen das wahrscheinlich nicht mit FastAPI).
* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - erforderlich, wenn Sie `UJSONResponse` verwenden möchten.

4
docs/em/docs/deployment/manually.md

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
📤 3️⃣ 👑 🎛:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: ↕ 🎭 🔫 💽.
* <a href="https://pgjones.gitlab.io/hypercorn/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: 🔫 💽 🔗 ⏮️ 🇺🇸🔍/2️⃣ &amp; 🎻 👪 🎏 ⚒.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: 🔫 💽 🔗 ⏮️ 🇺🇸🔍/2️⃣ &amp; 🎻 👪 🎏 ⚒.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">👸</a>: 🔫 💽 🏗 ✳ 📻.
## 💽 🎰 &amp; 💽 📋
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
=== "Hypercorn"
* <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, 🔫 💽 🔗 ⏮️ 🇺🇸🔍/2️⃣.
* <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, 🔫 💽 🔗 ⏮️ 🇺🇸🔍/2️⃣.
<div class="termy">

2
docs/em/docs/how-to/graphql.md

@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
* <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">🍓</a> 👶
* ⏮️ <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/docs/integrations/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">🩺 FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">👸</a>
* ⏮️ <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/starlette-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">🩺 💃</a> (👈 ✔ FastAPI)
* ⏮️ <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/fastapi-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">🩺 FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://tartiflette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">🍟</a>
* ⏮️ <a href="https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">🍟 🔫</a> 🚚 🔫 🛠️
* <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank"></a>

2
docs/em/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md

@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ current_user.items
"🛠️" ⚒ 🔁 💪 🕐❔ 👆 🔀 📊 👆 🇸🇲 🏷, 🚮 🆕 🔢, ♒️. 🔁 👈 🔀 💽, 🚮 🆕 🏓, 🆕 🏓, ♒️.
👆 💪 🔎 🖼 ⚗ FastAPI 🏗 📄 ⚪️➡️ [🏗 ⚡ - 📄](../project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. 🎯 <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-fastapi-postgresql/tree/master/src/backend/app/alembic/" class="external-link" target="_blank"> `alembic` 📁 ℹ 📟</a>.
👆 💪 🔎 🖼 ⚗ FastAPI 🏗 📄 ⚪️➡️ [🏗 ⚡ - 📄](../project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. 🎯 <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-fastapi-template/tree/master/backend/app/alembic" class="external-link" target="_blank"> `alembic` 📁 ℹ 📟</a>.
### ✍ 🔗

14
docs/en/data/external_links.yml

@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
Articles:
English:
- author: Stephen Siegert - Neon
link: https://neon.tech/blog/deploy-a-serverless-fastapi-app-with-neon-postgres-and-aws-app-runner-at-any-scale
title: Deploy a Serverless FastAPI App with Neon Postgres and AWS App Runner at any scale
- author: Kurtis Pykes - NVIDIA
link: https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/building-a-machine-learning-microservice-with-fastapi/
title: Building a Machine Learning Microservice with FastAPI
@ -24,7 +27,7 @@ Articles:
- author: Nicoló Lino
author_link: https://www.nlino.com
link: https://github.com/softwarebloat/python-tracing-demo
title: Instrument a FastAPI service adding tracing with OpenTelemetry and send/show traces in Grafana Tempo
title: Instrument FastAPI with OpenTelemetry tracing and visualize traces in Grafana Tempo.
- author: Mikhail Rozhkov, Elena Samuylova
author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mnrozhkov/
link: https://www.evidentlyai.com/blog/fastapi-tutorial
@ -257,6 +260,10 @@ Articles:
author_link: https://medium.com/@krishnardt365
link: https://medium.com/@krishnardt365/fastapi-docker-and-postgres-91943e71be92
title: Fastapi, Docker(Docker compose) and Postgres
- author: Devon Ray
author_link: https://devonray.com
link: https://devonray.com/blog/deploying-a-fastapi-project-using-aws-lambda-aurora-cdk
title: Deployment using Docker, Lambda, Aurora, CDK & GH Actions
German:
- author: Marcel Sander (actidoo)
author_link: https://www.actidoo.com
@ -347,6 +354,11 @@ Articles:
author_link: http://editor.leonh.space/
link: https://editor.leonh.space/2022/tortoise/
title: 'Tortoise ORM / FastAPI 整合快速筆記'
Spanish:
- author: Eduardo Zepeda
author_link: https://coffeebytes.dev/en/authors/eduardo-zepeda/
link: https://coffeebytes.dev/es/python-fastapi-el-mejor-framework-de-python/
title: 'Tutorial de FastAPI, ¿el mejor framework de Python?'
Podcasts:
English:
- author: Real Python

175
docs/en/data/github_sponsors.yml

@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ sponsors:
- login: cryptapi
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/44925437?u=61369138589bc7fee6c417f3fbd50fbd38286cc4&v=4
url: https://github.com/cryptapi
- login: Kong
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/962416?v=4
url: https://github.com/Kong
- login: codacy
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1834093?v=4
url: https://github.com/codacy
@ -48,7 +51,7 @@ sponsors:
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/74335107?v=4
url: https://github.com/xoflare
- login: marvin-robot
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/41086007?u=091c5cb75af363123d66f58194805a97220ee1a7&v=4
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/41086007?u=b9fcab402d0cd0aec738b6574fe60855cb0cd36d&v=4
url: https://github.com/marvin-robot
- login: BoostryJP
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/57932412?v=4
@ -56,10 +59,7 @@ sponsors:
- login: acsone
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7601056?v=4
url: https://github.com/acsone
- - login: owlur
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/20010787?v=4
url: https://github.com/owlur
- login: Trivie
- - login: Trivie
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8161763?v=4
url: https://github.com/Trivie
- - login: americanair
@ -71,9 +71,6 @@ sponsors:
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avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/55092103?v=4
url: https://github.com/mainframeindustries
- login: AccentDesign
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2429332?v=4
url: https://github.com/AccentDesign
- login: mangualero
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3422968?u=c59272d7b5a912d6126fd6c6f17db71e20f506eb&v=4
url: https://github.com/mangualero
@ -89,7 +86,10 @@ sponsors:
- login: povilasb
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1213442?u=b11f58ed6ceea6e8297c9b310030478ebdac894d&v=4
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- - login: upciti
- - login: jhundman
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24263908?v=4
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- login: upciti
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/43346262?v=4
url: https://github.com/upciti
- - login: samuelcolvin
@ -98,15 +98,15 @@ sponsors:
- login: Kludex
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7353520?u=62adc405ef418f4b6c8caa93d3eb8ab107bc4927&v=4
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@ -119,6 +119,9 @@ sponsors:
- login: ProteinQure
avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/33707203?v=4
url: https://github.com/ProteinQure
- login: catherinenelson1
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@ -146,18 +149,6 @@ sponsors:
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avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/20320552?v=4
url: https://github.com/RaamEEIL
- login: Filimoa
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@ -170,15 +161,18 @@ sponsors:
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@ -188,12 +182,15 @@ sponsors:
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@ -212,12 +209,27 @@ sponsors:
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@ -374,12 +380,21 @@ sponsors:
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url: https://github.com/ArtyomVancyan
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@ -395,9 +410,6 @@ sponsors:
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@ -422,9 +434,6 @@ sponsors:
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url: https://github.com/tochikuji
- login: browniebroke
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@ -444,7 +453,7 @@ sponsors:
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19
docs/en/data/sponsors.yml

@ -20,23 +20,29 @@ gold:
- url: https://www.propelauth.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=1223&utm_medium=mainbadge
title: Auth, user management and more for your B2B product
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/propelauth.png
- url: https://www.withcoherence.com/?utm_medium=advertising&utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=banner%20january%2024
- url: https://docs.withcoherence.com/configuration/frameworks/?utm_medium=advertising&utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=docs#fastapi-example
title: Coherence
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/coherence.png
- url: https://www.mongodb.com/developer/languages/python/python-quickstart-fastapi/?utm_campaign=fastapi_framework&utm_source=fastapi_sponsorship&utm_medium=web_referral
title: Simplify Full Stack Development with FastAPI & MongoDB
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/mongodb.png
- url: https://konghq.com/products/kong-konnect?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_campaign=platform&utm_content=fast-api
title: Kong Konnect - API management platform
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/kong.png
- url: https://zuplo.link/fastapi-gh
title: 'Zuplo: Scale, Protect, Document, and Monetize your FastAPI'
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/zuplo.png
- url: https://fine.dev?ref=fastapibadge
title: "Fine's AI FastAPI Workflow: Effortlessly Deploy and Integrate FastAPI into Your Project"
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/fine.png
silver:
- url: https://training.talkpython.fm/fastapi-courses
title: FastAPI video courses on demand from people you trust
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/talkpython-v2.jpg
- url: https://github.com/deepset-ai/haystack/
title: Build powerful search from composable, open source building blocks
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/haystack-fastapi.svg
- url: https://databento.com/
title: Pay as you go for market data
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/databento.svg
- url: https://speakeasyapi.dev?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship
- url: https://speakeasy.com?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship
title: SDKs for your API | Speakeasy
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/speakeasy.png
- url: https://www.svix.com/
@ -45,6 +51,9 @@ silver:
- url: https://www.codacy.com/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=sponsors&utm_id=pioneers
title: Take code reviews from hours to minutes
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/codacy.png
- url: https://www.stainlessapi.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=referral
title: Stainless | Generate best-in-class SDKs
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/stainless.png
bronze:
- url: https://www.exoflare.com/open-source/?utm_source=FastAPI&utm_campaign=open_source
title: Biosecurity risk assessments made easy.

2
docs/en/data/sponsors_badge.yml

@ -28,3 +28,5 @@ logins:
- bump-sh
- andrew-propelauth
- svix
- zuplo-oss
- Kong

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/additional-responses.md

@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Here, `new_dict` will contain all the key-value pairs from `old_dict` plus the n
}
```
You can use that technique to re-use some predefined responses in your *path operations* and combine them with additional custom ones.
You can use that technique to reuse some predefined responses in your *path operations* and combine them with additional custom ones.
For example:

12
docs/en/docs/advanced/behind-a-proxy.md

@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Even though all your code is written assuming there's just `/app`.
{!../../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial001.py!}
```
And the proxy would be **"stripping"** the **path prefix** on the fly before transmitting the request to Uvicorn, keeping your application convinced that it is being served at `/app`, so that you don't have to update all your code to include the prefix `/api/v1`.
And the proxy would be **"stripping"** the **path prefix** on the fly before transmitting the request to the app server (probably Uvicorn via FastAPI CLI), keeping your application convinced that it is being served at `/app`, so that you don't have to update all your code to include the prefix `/api/v1`.
Up to here, everything would work as normally.
@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ The docs UI would also need the OpenAPI schema to declare that this API `server`
}
```
In this example, the "Proxy" could be something like **Traefik**. And the server would be something like **Uvicorn**, running your FastAPI application.
In this example, the "Proxy" could be something like **Traefik**. And the server would be something like FastAPI CLI with **Uvicorn**, running your FastAPI application.
### Providing the `root_path`
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ To achieve this, you can use the command line option `--root-path` like:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --root-path /api/v1
$ fastapi run main.py --root-path /api/v1
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Then, if you start Uvicorn with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --root-path /api/v1
$ fastapi run main.py --root-path /api/v1
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
@ -216,12 +216,12 @@ INFO[0000] Configuration loaded from file: /home/user/awesomeapi/traefik.toml
</div>
And now start your app with Uvicorn, using the `--root-path` option:
And now start your app, using the `--root-path` option:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --root-path /api/v1
$ fastapi run main.py --root-path /api/v1
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

8
docs/en/docs/advanced/custom-response.md

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ But if you are certain that the content that you are returning is **serializable
And it will be documented as such in OpenAPI.
!!! tip
The `ORJSONResponse` is currently only available in FastAPI, not in Starlette.
The `ORJSONResponse` is only available in FastAPI, not in Starlette.
## HTML Response
@ -149,10 +149,16 @@ This is the default response used in **FastAPI**, as you read above.
A fast alternative JSON response using <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`orjson`</a>, as you read above.
!!! info
This requires installing `orjson` for example with `pip install orjson`.
### `UJSONResponse`
An alternative JSON response using <a href="https://github.com/ultrajson/ultrajson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ujson`</a>.
!!! info
This requires installing `ujson` for example with `pip install ujson`.
!!! warning
`ujson` is less careful than Python's built-in implementation in how it handles some edge-cases.

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/generate-clients.md

@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Some of them also ✨ [**sponsor FastAPI**](../help-fastapi.md#sponsor-the-autho
And it shows their true commitment to FastAPI and its **community** (you), as they not only want to provide you a **good service** but also want to make sure you have a **good and healthy framework**, FastAPI. 🙇
For example, you might want to try <a href="https://speakeasyapi.dev/?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" class="external-link" target="_blank">Speakeasy</a>.
For example, you might want to try <a href="https://speakeasy.com/?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" class="external-link" target="_blank">Speakeasy</a> and <a href="https://www.stainlessapi.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=referral" class="external-link" target="_blank">Stainless</a>.
There are also several other companies offering similar services that you can search and find online. 🤓

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/openapi-callbacks.md

@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ Now use the parameter `callbacks` in *your API's path operation decorator* to pa
### Check the docs
Now you can start your app with Uvicorn and go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
Now you can start your app and go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
You will see your docs including a "Callbacks" section for your *path operation* that shows how the *external API* should look like:

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/openapi-webhooks.md

@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ This is because it is expected that **your users** would define the actual **URL
### Check the docs
Now you can start your app with Uvicorn and go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
Now you can start your app and go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
You will see your docs have the normal *path operations* and now also some **webhooks**:

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/path-operation-advanced-configuration.md

@ -187,6 +187,6 @@ And then in our code, we parse that YAML content directly, and then we are again
In Pydantic version 1 the method to parse and validate an object was `Item.parse_obj()`, in Pydantic version 2, the method is called `Item.model_validate()`.
!!! tip
Here we re-use the same Pydantic model.
Here we reuse the same Pydantic model.
But the same way, we could have validated it in some other way.

98
docs/en/docs/advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md

@ -58,19 +58,19 @@ First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **T
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="4 8 12 46 64 105 107-115 121-124 128-134 139 155"
```Python hl_lines="5 9 13 47 65 106 108-116 122-125 129-135 140 156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="2 4 8 12 46 64 105 107-115 121-124 128-134 139 155"
```Python hl_lines="2 5 9 13 47 65 106 108-116 122-125 129-135 140 156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="2 4 8 12 47 65 106 108-116 122-125 129-135 140 156"
```Python hl_lines="2 5 9 13 48 66 107 109-117 123-126 130-136 141 157"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **T
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="3 7 11 45 63 104 106-114 120-123 127-133 138 154"
```Python hl_lines="4 8 12 46 64 105 107-115 121-124 128-134 139 155"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **T
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="2 4 8 12 46 64 105 107-115 121-124 128-134 139 155"
```Python hl_lines="2 5 9 13 47 65 106 108-116 122-125 129-135 140 156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **T
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="2 4 8 12 46 64 105 107-115 121-124 128-134 139 155"
```Python hl_lines="2 5 9 13 47 65 106 108-116 122-125 129-135 140 156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -111,19 +111,19 @@ The `scopes` parameter receives a `dict` with each scope as a key and the descri
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="62-65"
```Python hl_lines="63-66"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="62-65"
```Python hl_lines="63-66"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="63-66"
```Python hl_lines="64-67"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ The `scopes` parameter receives a `dict` with each scope as a key and the descri
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="61-64"
```Python hl_lines="62-65"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ The `scopes` parameter receives a `dict` with each scope as a key and the descri
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="62-65"
```Python hl_lines="63-66"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ The `scopes` parameter receives a `dict` with each scope as a key and the descri
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="62-65"
```Python hl_lines="63-66"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -178,19 +178,19 @@ And we return the scopes as part of the JWT token.
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="155"
```Python hl_lines="156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="155"
```Python hl_lines="156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="156"
```Python hl_lines="157"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ And we return the scopes as part of the JWT token.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="154"
```Python hl_lines="155"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ And we return the scopes as part of the JWT token.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="155"
```Python hl_lines="156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ And we return the scopes as part of the JWT token.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="155"
```Python hl_lines="156"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -244,19 +244,19 @@ In this case, it requires the scope `me` (it could require more than one scope).
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="4 139 170"
```Python hl_lines="5 140 171"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="4 139 170"
```Python hl_lines="5 140 171"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="4 140 171"
```Python hl_lines="5 141 172"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ In this case, it requires the scope `me` (it could require more than one scope).
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="3 138 167"
```Python hl_lines="4 139 168"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ In this case, it requires the scope `me` (it could require more than one scope).
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="4 139 168"
```Python hl_lines="5 140 169"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ In this case, it requires the scope `me` (it could require more than one scope).
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="4 139 168"
```Python hl_lines="5 140 169"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -310,19 +310,19 @@ This `SecurityScopes` class is similar to `Request` (`Request` was used to get t
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="8 105"
```Python hl_lines="9 106"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="8 105"
```Python hl_lines="9 106"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="8 106"
```Python hl_lines="9 107"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ This `SecurityScopes` class is similar to `Request` (`Request` was used to get t
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="7 104"
```Python hl_lines="8 105"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ This `SecurityScopes` class is similar to `Request` (`Request` was used to get t
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="8 105"
```Python hl_lines="9 106"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ This `SecurityScopes` class is similar to `Request` (`Request` was used to get t
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="8 105"
```Python hl_lines="9 106"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -361,25 +361,25 @@ It will have a property `scopes` with a list containing all the scopes required
The `security_scopes` object (of class `SecurityScopes`) also provides a `scope_str` attribute with a single string, containing those scopes separated by spaces (we are going to use it).
We create an `HTTPException` that we can re-use (`raise`) later at several points.
We create an `HTTPException` that we can reuse (`raise`) later at several points.
In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated by spaces (using `scope_str`). We put that string containing the scopes in the `WWW-Authenticate` header (this is part of the spec).
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="105 107-115"
```Python hl_lines="106 108-116"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="105 107-115"
```Python hl_lines="106 108-116"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="106 108-116"
```Python hl_lines="107 109-117"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="104 106-114"
```Python hl_lines="105 107-115"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="105 107-115"
```Python hl_lines="106 108-116"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="105 107-115"
```Python hl_lines="106 108-116"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -426,19 +426,19 @@ We also verify that we have a user with that username, and if not, we raise that
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="46 116-127"
```Python hl_lines="47 117-128"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="46 116-127"
```Python hl_lines="47 117-128"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="47 117-128"
```Python hl_lines="48 118-129"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ We also verify that we have a user with that username, and if not, we raise that
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="45 115-126"
```Python hl_lines="46 116-127"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ We also verify that we have a user with that username, and if not, we raise that
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="46 116-127"
```Python hl_lines="47 117-128"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ We also verify that we have a user with that username, and if not, we raise that
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="46 116-127"
```Python hl_lines="47 117-128"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```
@ -477,19 +477,19 @@ For this, we use `security_scopes.scopes`, that contains a `list` with all these
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="128-134"
```Python hl_lines="129-135"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="128-134"
```Python hl_lines="129-135"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="129-135"
```Python hl_lines="130-136"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py!}
```
@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ For this, we use `security_scopes.scopes`, that contains a `list` with all these
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="127-133"
```Python hl_lines="128-134"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py!}
```
@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ For this, we use `security_scopes.scopes`, that contains a `list` with all these
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="128-134"
```Python hl_lines="129-135"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py!}
```
@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ For this, we use `security_scopes.scopes`, that contains a `list` with all these
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="128-134"
```Python hl_lines="129-135"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```

4
docs/en/docs/advanced/settings.md

@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Next, you would run the server passing the configurations as environment variabl
<div class="termy">
```console
$ ADMIN_EMAIL="[email protected]" APP_NAME="ChimichangApp" uvicorn main:app
$ ADMIN_EMAIL="[email protected]" APP_NAME="ChimichangApp" fastapi run main.py
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ Here we define the config `env_file` inside of your Pydantic `Settings` class, a
### Creating the `Settings` only once with `lru_cache`
Reading a file from disk is normally a costly (slow) operation, so you probably want to do it only once and then re-use the same settings object, instead of reading it for each request.
Reading a file from disk is normally a costly (slow) operation, so you probably want to do it only once and then reuse the same settings object, instead of reading it for each request.
But every time we do:

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/templates.md

@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ $ pip install jinja2
## Using `Jinja2Templates`
* Import `Jinja2Templates`.
* Create a `templates` object that you can re-use later.
* Create a `templates` object that you can reuse later.
* Declare a `Request` parameter in the *path operation* that will return a template.
* Use the `templates` you created to render and return a `TemplateResponse`, pass the name of the template, the request object, and a "context" dictionary with key-value pairs to be used inside of the Jinja2 template.

4
docs/en/docs/advanced/websockets.md

@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ If your file is named `main.py`, run your application with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
$ fastapi dev main.py
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ If your file is named `main.py`, run your application with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
$ fastapi dev main.py
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

2
docs/en/docs/advanced/wsgi.md

@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Now, every request under the path `/v1/` will be handled by the Flask applicatio
And the rest will be handled by **FastAPI**.
If you run it with Uvicorn and go to <a href="http://localhost:8000/v1/" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://localhost:8000/v1/</a> you will see the response from Flask:
If you run it and go to <a href="http://localhost:8000/v1/" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://localhost:8000/v1/</a> you will see the response from Flask:
```txt
Hello, World from Flask!

2
docs/en/docs/async.md

@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ All of the cashiers doing all the work with one client after the other 👨‍
And you have to wait 🕙 in the line for a long time or you lose your turn.
You probably wouldn't want to take your crush 😍 with you to do errands at the bank 🏦.
You probably wouldn't want to take your crush 😍 with you to run errands at the bank 🏦.
### Burger Conclusion

4
docs/en/docs/css/custom.css

@ -13,6 +13,10 @@
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
.termy .linenos {
display: none;
}
a.external-link {
/* For right to left languages */
direction: ltr;

1
docs/en/docs/css/termynal.css

@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
position: relative;
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
line-height: 1.2;
}
[data-termynal]:before {

2
docs/en/docs/deployment/concepts.md

@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ In most cases, when you create a web API, you want it to be **always running**,
### In a Remote Server
When you set up a remote server (a cloud server, a virtual machine, etc.) the simplest thing you can do is to run Uvicorn (or similar) manually, the same way you do when developing locally.
When you set up a remote server (a cloud server, a virtual machine, etc.) the simplest thing you can do is to use `fastapi run`, Uvicorn (or similar) manually, the same way you do when developing locally.
And it will work and will be useful **during development**.

39
docs/en/docs/deployment/docker.md

@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r /code/requirements.txt
COPY ./app /code/app
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
CMD ["fastapi", "run", "app/main.py", "--port", "80"]
# If running behind a proxy like Nginx or Traefik add --proxy-headers
# CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80", "--proxy-headers"]
# CMD ["fastapi", "run", "app/main.py", "--port", "80", "--proxy-headers"]
```
</details>
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ And there are many other images for different things like databases, for example
By using a pre-made container image it's very easy to **combine** and use different tools. For example, to try out a new database. In most cases, you can use the **official images**, and just configure them with environment variables.
That way, in many cases you can learn about containers and Docker and re-use that knowledge with many different tools and components.
That way, in many cases you can learn about containers and Docker and reuse that knowledge with many different tools and components.
So, you would run **multiple containers** with different things, like a database, a Python application, a web server with a React frontend application, and connect them together via their internal network.
@ -113,9 +113,8 @@ You would of course use the same ideas you read in [About FastAPI versions](vers
For example, your `requirements.txt` could look like:
```
fastapi>=0.68.0,<0.69.0
pydantic>=1.8.0,<2.0.0
uvicorn>=0.15.0,<0.16.0
fastapi>=0.112.0,<0.113.0
pydantic>=2.7.0,<3.0.0
```
And you would normally install those package dependencies with `pip`, for example:
@ -125,7 +124,7 @@ And you would normally install those package dependencies with `pip`, for exampl
```console
$ pip install -r requirements.txt
---> 100%
Successfully installed fastapi pydantic uvicorn
Successfully installed fastapi pydantic
```
</div>
@ -133,8 +132,6 @@ Successfully installed fastapi pydantic uvicorn
!!! info
There are other formats and tools to define and install package dependencies.
I'll show you an example using Poetry later in a section below. 👇
### Create the **FastAPI** Code
* Create an `app` directory and enter it.
@ -180,7 +177,7 @@ RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r /code/requirements.txt
COPY ./app /code/app
# (6)
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
CMD ["fastapi", "run", "app/main.py", "--port", "80"]
```
1. Start from the official Python base image.
@ -214,14 +211,12 @@ CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
So, it's important to put this **near the end** of the `Dockerfile`, to optimize the container image build times.
6. Set the **command** to run the `uvicorn` server.
6. Set the **command** to use `fastapi run`, which uses Uvicorn underneath.
`CMD` takes a list of strings, each of these strings is what you would type in the command line separated by spaces.
This command will be run from the **current working directory**, the same `/code` directory you set above with `WORKDIR /code`.
Because the program will be started at `/code` and inside of it is the directory `./app` with your code, **Uvicorn** will be able to see and **import** `app` from `app.main`.
!!! tip
Review what each line does by clicking each number bubble in the code. 👆
@ -238,10 +233,10 @@ You should now have a directory structure like:
#### Behind a TLS Termination Proxy
If you are running your container behind a TLS Termination Proxy (load balancer) like Nginx or Traefik, add the option `--proxy-headers`, this will tell Uvicorn to trust the headers sent by that proxy telling it that the application is running behind HTTPS, etc.
If you are running your container behind a TLS Termination Proxy (load balancer) like Nginx or Traefik, add the option `--proxy-headers`, this will tell Uvicorn (through the FastAPI CLI) to trust the headers sent by that proxy telling it that the application is running behind HTTPS, etc.
```Dockerfile
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--proxy-headers", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
CMD ["fastapi", "run", "app/main.py", "--proxy-headers", "--port", "80"]
```
#### Docker Cache
@ -254,7 +249,7 @@ COPY ./requirements.txt /code/requirements.txt
Docker and other tools **build** these container images **incrementally**, adding **one layer on top of the other**, starting from the top of the `Dockerfile` and adding any files created by each of the instructions of the `Dockerfile`.
Docker and similar tools also use an **internal cache** when building the image, if a file hasn't changed since the last time building the container image, then it will **re-use the same layer** created the last time, instead of copying the file again and creating a new layer from scratch.
Docker and similar tools also use an **internal cache** when building the image, if a file hasn't changed since the last time building the container image, then it will **reuse the same layer** created the last time, instead of copying the file again and creating a new layer from scratch.
Just avoiding the copy of files doesn't necessarily improve things too much, but because it used the cache for that step, it can **use the cache for the next step**. For example, it could use the cache for the instruction that installs dependencies with:
@ -362,14 +357,14 @@ RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r /code/requirements.txt
COPY ./main.py /code/
# (2)
CMD ["uvicorn", "main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
CMD ["fastapi", "run", "main.py", "--port", "80"]
```
1. Copy the `main.py` file to the `/code` directory directly (without any `./app` directory).
2. Run Uvicorn and tell it to import the `app` object from `main` (instead of importing from `app.main`).
2. Use `fastapi run` to serve your application in the single file `main.py`.
Then adjust the Uvicorn command to use the new module `main` instead of `app.main` to import the FastAPI object `app`.
When you pass the file to `fastapi run` it will detect automatically that it is a single file and not part of a package and will know how to import it and serve your FastAPI app. 😎
## Deployment Concepts
@ -626,7 +621,7 @@ RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r /code/requirements.txt
COPY ./app /code/app
# (11)
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
CMD ["fastapi", "run", "app/main.py", "--port", "80"]
```
1. This is the first stage, it is named `requirements-stage`.
@ -655,7 +650,7 @@ CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
10. Copy the `app` directory to the `/code` directory.
11. Run the `uvicorn` command, telling it to use the `app` object imported from `app.main`.
11. Use the `fastapi run` command to run your app.
!!! tip
Click the bubble numbers to see what each line does.
@ -677,7 +672,7 @@ Then in the next (and final) stage you would build the image more or less in the
Again, if you are running your container behind a TLS Termination Proxy (load balancer) like Nginx or Traefik, add the option `--proxy-headers` to the command:
```Dockerfile
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--proxy-headers", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
CMD ["fastapi", "run", "app/main.py", "--proxy-headers", "--port", "80"]
```
## Recap

92
docs/en/docs/deployment/manually.md

@ -1,11 +1,71 @@
# Run a Server Manually - Uvicorn
# Run a Server Manually
The main thing you need to run a **FastAPI** application in a remote server machine is an ASGI server program like **Uvicorn**.
## Use the `fastapi run` Command
There are 3 main alternatives:
In short, use `fastapi run` to serve your FastAPI application:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> run <u style="text-decoration-style:single">main.py</u>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using path <font color="#3465A4">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Resolved absolute path <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/awesomeapp/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Searching for package file structure from directories with <font color="#3465A4">__init__.py</font> files
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing from <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">awesomeapp</font>
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Python module file</b></font> ─╮
│ │
│ 🐍 main.py │
│ │
╰──────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing module <font color="#4E9A06">main</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Found importable FastAPI app
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Importable FastAPI app</b></font> ─╮
│ │
<span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">from</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> main </font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">import</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> app</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"> </span>
│ │
╰──────────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using import string <font color="#8AE234"><b>main:app</b></font>
<font color="#4E9A06">╭─────────── FastAPI CLI - Production mode ───────────╮</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ Serving at: http://0.0.0.0:8000 │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ API docs: http://0.0.0.0:8000/docs │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ Running in production mode, for development use: │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06"></font><font color="#8AE234"><b>fastapi dev</b></font><font color="#4E9A06"></font>
<font color="#4E9A06">│ │</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</font>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started server process [<font color="#06989A">2306215</font>]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Waiting for application startup.
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Application startup complete.
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Uvicorn running on <b>http://0.0.0.0:8000</b> (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
</div>
That would work for most of the cases. 😎
You could use that command for example to start your **FastAPI** app in a container, in a server, etc.
## ASGI Servers
Let's go a little deeper into the details.
FastAPI uses a standard for building Python web frameworks and servers called <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">ASGI</abbr>. FastAPI is an ASGI web framework.
The main thing you need to run a **FastAPI** application (or any other ASGI application) in a remote server machine is an ASGI server program like **Uvicorn**, this is the one that comes by default in the `fastapi` command.
There are several alternatives, including:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: a high performance ASGI server.
* <a href="https://pgjones.gitlab.io/hypercorn/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: an ASGI server compatible with HTTP/2 and Trio among other features.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: an ASGI server compatible with HTTP/2 and Trio among other features.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">Daphne</a>: the ASGI server built for Django Channels.
## Server Machine and Server Program
@ -20,7 +80,9 @@ When referring to the remote machine, it's common to call it **server**, but als
## Install the Server Program
You can install an ASGI compatible server with:
When you install FastAPI, it comes with a production server, Uvicorn, and you can start it with the `fastapi run` command.
But you can also install an ASGI server manually:
=== "Uvicorn"
@ -41,9 +103,11 @@ You can install an ASGI compatible server with:
That including `uvloop`, the high-performance drop-in replacement for `asyncio`, that provides the big concurrency performance boost.
When you install FastAPI with something like `pip install fastapi` you already get `uvicorn[standard]` as well.
=== "Hypercorn"
* <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, an ASGI server also compatible with HTTP/2.
* <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, an ASGI server also compatible with HTTP/2.
<div class="termy">
@ -59,7 +123,7 @@ You can install an ASGI compatible server with:
## Run the Server Program
You can then run your application the same way you have done in the tutorials, but without the `--reload` option, e.g.:
If you installed an ASGI server manually, you would normally need to pass an import string in a special format for it to import your FastAPI application:
=== "Uvicorn"
@ -85,8 +149,20 @@ You can then run your application the same way you have done in the tutorials, b
</div>
!!! note
The command `uvicorn main:app` refers to:
* `main`: the file `main.py` (the Python "module").
* `app`: the object created inside of `main.py` with the line `app = FastAPI()`.
It is equivalent to:
```Python
from main import app
```
!!! warning
Remember to remove the `--reload` option if you were using it.
Uvicorn and others support a `--reload` option that is useful during development.
The `--reload` option consumes much more resources, is more unstable, etc.

80
docs/en/docs/fastapi-cli.md

@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
# FastAPI CLI
**FastAPI CLI** is a command line program that you can use to serve your FastAPI app, manage your FastAPI project, and more.
When you install FastAPI (e.g. with `pip install fastapi`), it includes a package called `fastapi-cli`, this package provides the `fastapi` command in the terminal.
To run your FastAPI app for development, you can use the `fastapi dev` command:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> dev <u style="text-decoration-style:single">main.py</u>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using path <font color="#3465A4">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Resolved absolute path <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/awesomeapp/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Searching for package file structure from directories with <font color="#3465A4">__init__.py</font> files
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing from <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">awesomeapp</font>
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Python module file</b></font> ─╮
│ │
│ 🐍 main.py │
│ │
╰──────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing module <font color="#4E9A06">main</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Found importable FastAPI app
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Importable FastAPI app</b></font> ─╮
│ │
<span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">from</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> main </font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">import</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> app</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"> </span>
│ │
╰──────────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using import string <font color="#8AE234"><b>main:app</b></font>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Running in development mode, for production use: │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#555753"><b>fastapi run</b></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</font></span>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Will watch for changes in these directories: [&apos;/home/user/code/awesomeapp&apos;]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Uvicorn running on <b>http://127.0.0.1:8000</b> (Press CTRL+C to quit)
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started reloader process [<font color="#34E2E2"><b>2265862</b></font>] using <font color="#34E2E2"><b>WatchFiles</b></font>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started server process [<font color="#06989A">2265873</font>]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Waiting for application startup.
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Application startup complete.
```
</div>
The command line program called `fastapi` is **FastAPI CLI**.
FastAPI CLI takes the path to your Python program (e.g. `main.py`) and automatically detects the `FastAPI` instance (commonly named `app`), determines the correct import process, and then serves it.
For production you would use `fastapi run` instead. 🚀
Internally, **FastAPI CLI** uses <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, a high-performance, production-ready, ASGI server. 😎
## `fastapi dev`
Running `fastapi dev` initiates development mode.
By default, **auto-reload** is enabled, automatically reloading the server when you make changes to your code. This is resource-intensive and could be less stable than when it's disabled. You should only use it for development. It also listens on the IP address `127.0.0.1`, which is the IP for your machine to communicate with itself alone (`localhost`).
## `fastapi run`
Executing `fastapi run` starts FastAPI in production mode by default.
By default, **auto-reload** is disabled. It also listens on the IP address `0.0.0.0`, which means all the available IP addresses, this way it will be publicly accessible to anyone that can communicate with the machine. This is how you would normally run it in production, for example, in a container.
In most cases you would (and should) have a "termination proxy" handling HTTPS for you on top, this will depend on how you deploy your application, your provider might do this for you, or you might need to set it up yourself.
!!! tip
You can learn more about it in the [deployment documentation](deployment/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

4
docs/en/docs/features.md

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Interactive API documentation and exploration web user interfaces. As the framew
### Just Modern Python
It's all based on standard **Python 3.6 type** declarations (thanks to Pydantic). No new syntax to learn. Just standard modern Python.
It's all based on standard **Python type** declarations (thanks to Pydantic). No new syntax to learn. Just standard modern Python.
If you need a 2 minute refresher of how to use Python types (even if you don't use FastAPI), check the short tutorial: [Python Types](python-types.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ my_second_user: User = User(**second_user_data)
All the framework was designed to be easy and intuitive to use, all the decisions were tested on multiple editors even before starting development, to ensure the best development experience.
In the last Python developer survey it was clear <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/research/python-developers-survey-2017/#tools-and-features" class="external-link" target="_blank">that the most used feature is "autocompletion"</a>.
In the Python developer surveys, it's clear <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/research/python-developers-survey-2017/#tools-and-features" class="external-link" target="_blank">that one of the most used features is "autocompletion"</a>.
The whole **FastAPI** framework is based to satisfy that. Autocompletion works everywhere.

8
docs/en/docs/how-to/custom-docs-ui-assets.md

@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ To disable them, set their URLs to `None` when creating your `FastAPI` app:
Now you can create the *path operations* for the custom docs.
You can re-use FastAPI's internal functions to create the HTML pages for the docs, and pass them the needed arguments:
You can reuse FastAPI's internal functions to create the HTML pages for the docs, and pass them the needed arguments:
* `openapi_url`: the URL where the HTML page for the docs can get the OpenAPI schema for your API. You can use here the attribute `app.openapi_url`.
* `title`: the title of your API.
@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ You can probably right-click each link and select an option similar to `Save lin
**Swagger UI** uses the files:
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5.9.0/swagger-ui-bundle.js" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui-bundle.js`</a>
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5.9.0/swagger-ui.css" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui.css`</a>
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5/swagger-ui-bundle.js" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui-bundle.js`</a>
* <a href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@5/swagger-ui.css" class="external-link" target="_blank">`swagger-ui.css`</a>
And **ReDoc** uses the file:
@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ To disable them, set their URLs to `None` when creating your `FastAPI` app:
And the same way as with a custom CDN, now you can create the *path operations* for the custom docs.
Again, you can re-use FastAPI's internal functions to create the HTML pages for the docs, and pass them the needed arguments:
Again, you can reuse FastAPI's internal functions to create the HTML pages for the docs, and pass them the needed arguments:
* `openapi_url`: the URL where the HTML page for the docs can get the OpenAPI schema for your API. You can use here the attribute `app.openapi_url`.
* `title`: the title of your API.

2
docs/en/docs/how-to/graphql.md

@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Here are some of the **GraphQL** libraries that have **ASGI** support. You could
* <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry</a> 🍓
* With <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/docs/integrations/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">docs for FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Ariadne</a>
* With <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/starlette-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">docs for Starlette</a> (that also apply to FastAPI)
* With <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/fastapi-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">docs for FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://tartiflette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tartiflette</a>
* With <a href="https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tartiflette ASGI</a> to provide ASGI integration
* <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Graphene</a>

2
docs/en/docs/how-to/nosql-databases-couchbase.md

@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Now create a function that will:
* Get the document with that ID.
* Put the contents of the document in a `UserInDB` model.
By creating a function that is only dedicated to getting your user from a `username` (or any other parameter) independent of your *path operation function*, you can more easily re-use it in multiple parts and also add <abbr title="Automated test, written in code, that checks if another piece of code is working correctly.">unit tests</abbr> for it:
By creating a function that is only dedicated to getting your user from a `username` (or any other parameter) independent of your *path operation function*, you can more easily reuse it in multiple parts and also add <abbr title="Automated test, written in code, that checks if another piece of code is working correctly.">unit tests</abbr> for it:
```Python hl_lines="36-42"
{!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}

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79
docs/en/docs/index.md

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3.8+ based on standard Python type hints.
FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python based on standard Python type hints.
The key features are:
@ -124,8 +124,6 @@ If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be
## Requirements
Python 3.8+
FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
@ -143,18 +141,6 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]"
---> 100%
```
</div>
## Example
### Create it
@ -215,11 +201,24 @@ Run the server with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
$ fastapi dev main.py
╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮
│ │
│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │
│ │
│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │
│ │
│ Running in development mode, for production use: │
│ │
│ fastapi run │
│ │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
INFO: Will watch for changes in these directories: ['/home/user/code/awesomeapp']
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO: Started reloader process [28720]
INFO: Started server process [28722]
INFO: Started reloader process [2248755] using WatchFiles
INFO: Started server process [2248757]
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
INFO: Application startup complete.
```
@ -227,13 +226,13 @@ INFO: Application startup complete.
</div>
<details markdown="1">
<summary>About the command <code>uvicorn main:app --reload</code>...</summary>
<summary>About the command <code>fastapi dev main.py</code>...</summary>
The command `uvicorn main:app` refers to:
The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
* `main`: the file `main.py` (the Python "module").
* `app`: the object created inside of `main.py` with the line `app = FastAPI()`.
* `--reload`: make the server restart after code changes. Only do this for development.
By default, `fastapi dev` will start with auto-reload enabled for local development.
You can read more about it in the <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-cli/" target="_blank">FastAPI CLI docs</a>.
</details>
@ -306,7 +305,7 @@ def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
```
The server should reload automatically (because you added `--reload` to the `uvicorn` command above).
The `fastapi dev` server should reload automatically.
### Interactive API docs upgrade
@ -340,7 +339,7 @@ You do that with standard modern Python types.
You don't have to learn a new syntax, the methods or classes of a specific library, etc.
Just standard **Python 3.8+**.
Just standard **Python**.
For example, for an `int`:
@ -450,7 +449,7 @@ Independent TechEmpower benchmarks show **FastAPI** applications running under U
To understand more about it, see the section <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/benchmarks/" class="internal-link" target="_blank">Benchmarks</a>.
## Optional Dependencies
## Dependencies
Used by Pydantic:
@ -463,16 +462,36 @@ Used by Starlette:
* <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" target="_blank"><code>httpx</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
* <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
* <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
* <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
* `fastapi-cli` - to provide the `fastapi` command.
When you install `fastapi` it comes these standard dependencies.
Additional optional dependencies:
* <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `UJSONResponse`.
You can install all of these with `pip install "fastapi[all]"`.
## `fastapi-slim`
If you don't want the extra standard optional dependencies, install `fastapi-slim` instead.
When you install with:
```bash
pip install fastapi
```
...it includes the same code and dependencies as:
```bash
pip install "fastapi-slim[standard]"
```
The standard extra dependencies are the ones mentioned above.
## License

2
docs/en/docs/js/custom.js

@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ function setupTermynal() {
function createTermynals() {
document
.querySelectorAll(`.${termynalActivateClass} .highlight`)
.querySelectorAll(`.${termynalActivateClass} .highlight code`)
.forEach(node => {
const text = node.textContent;
const lines = text.split("\n");

2
docs/en/docs/python-types.md

@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ You will see a lot more of all this in practice in the [Tutorial - User Guide](t
## Type Hints with Metadata Annotations
Python also has a feature that allows putting **additional metadata** in these type hints using `Annotated`.
Python also has a feature that allows putting **additional <abbr title="Data about the data, in this case, information about the type, e.g. a description.">metadata</abbr>** in these type hints using `Annotated`.
=== "Python 3.9+"

159
docs/en/docs/release-notes.md

@ -9,15 +9,172 @@ hide:
### Docs
* 📝 Update Speakeasy URL. PR [#11871](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11871) by [@ndimares](https://github.com/ndimares).
### Translations
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/reference/background.md`. PR [#11849](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11849) by [@lucasbalieiro](https://github.com/lucasbalieiro).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-with-yield.md`. PR [#11848](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11848) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/reference/apirouter.md`. PR [#11843](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11843) by [@lucasbalieiro](https://github.com/lucasbalieiro).
### Internal
* 🔧 Update sponsors: remove TalkPython. PR [#11861](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11861) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔨 Update docs Termynal scripts to not include line nums for local dev. PR [#11854](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11854) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
## 0.111.1
### Upgrades
* ➖ Remove `orjson` and `ujson` from default dependencies. PR [#11842](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11842) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* These dependencies are still installed when you install with `pip install "fastapi[all]"`. But they not included in `pip install fastapi`.
* 📝 Restored Swagger-UI links to use the latest version possible. PR [#11459](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11459) by [@UltimateLobster](https://github.com/UltimateLobster).
### Docs
* ✏️ Rewording in `docs/en/docs/fastapi-cli.md`. PR [#11716](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11716) by [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev).
* 📝 Update Hypercorn links in all the docs. PR [#11744](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11744) by [@kittydoor](https://github.com/kittydoor).
* 📝 Update docs with Ariadne reference from Starlette to FastAPI. PR [#11797](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11797) by [@DamianCzajkowski](https://github.com/DamianCzajkowski).
* 📝 Update fastapi instrumentation external link. PR [#11317](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11317) by [@softwarebloat](https://github.com/softwarebloat).
* ✏️ Fix links to alembic example repo in docs. PR [#11628](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11628) by [@augiwan](https://github.com/augiwan).
* ✏️ Update `docs/en/docs/fastapi-cli.md`. PR [#11715](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11715) by [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev).
* 📝 Update External Links . PR [#11500](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11500) by [@devon2018](https://github.com/devon2018).
* 📝 Add External Link: Tutorial de FastAPI, ¿el mejor framework de Python?. PR [#11618](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11618) by [@EduardoZepeda](https://github.com/EduardoZepeda).
* 📝 Fix typo in `docs/en/docs/tutorial/body-multiple-params.md`. PR [#11698](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11698) by [@mwb-u](https://github.com/mwb-u).
* 📝 Add External Link: Deploy a Serverless FastAPI App with Neon Postgres and AWS App Runner at any scale. PR [#11633](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11633) by [@ananis25](https://github.com/ananis25).
* 📝 Update `security/first-steps.md`. PR [#11674](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11674) by [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev).
* 📝 Update `security/first-steps.md`. PR [#11673](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11673) by [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev).
* 📝 Update note in `path-params-numeric-validations.md`. PR [#11672](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11672) by [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev).
* 📝 Tweak intro docs about `Annotated` and `Query()` params. PR [#11664](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11664) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 📝 Update JWT auth documentation to use PyJWT instead of pyhon-jose. PR [#11589](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11589) by [@estebanx64](https://github.com/estebanx64).
* 📝 Update docs. PR [#11603](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11603) by [@alejsdev](https://github.com/alejsdev).
* ✏️ Fix typo: convert every 're-use' to 'reuse'.. PR [#11598](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11598) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* ✏️ Fix typo in `fastapi/applications.py`. PR [#11593](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11593) by [@petarmaric](https://github.com/petarmaric).
* ✏️ Fix link in `fastapi-cli.md`. PR [#11524](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11524) by [@svlandeg](https://github.com/svlandeg).
### Translations
* 🌐 Add Spanish translation for `docs/es/docs/how-to/graphql.md`. PR [#11697](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11697) by [@camigomezdev](https://github.com/camigomezdev).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/reference/index.md`. PR [#11840](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11840) by [@lucasbalieiro](https://github.com/lucasbalieiro).
* 🌐 Fix link in German translation. PR [#11836](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11836) by [@anitahammer](https://github.com/anitahammer).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/dependencies/sub-dependencies.md`. PR [#11792](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11792) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/tutorial/request-forms.md`. PR [#11553](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11553) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/reference/exceptions.md`. PR [#11834](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11834) by [@lucasbalieiro](https://github.com/lucasbalieiro).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/dependencies/global-dependencies.md`. PR [#11826](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11826) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/how-to/general.md`. PR [#11825](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11825) by [@lucasbalieiro](https://github.com/lucasbalieiro).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/async-tests.md`. PR [#11808](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11808) by [@ceb10n](https://github.com/ceb10n).
* 🌐 Add Ukrainian translation for `docs/uk/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md`. PR [#11809](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11809) by [@vkhoroshchak](https://github.com/vkhoroshchak).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-operators.md`. PR [#11804](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11804) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/fastapi-cli.md`. PR [#11786](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11786) by [@logan2d5](https://github.com/logan2d5).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/openapi-webhooks.md`. PR [#11791](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11791) by [@ceb10n](https://github.com/ceb10n).
* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md`. PR [#11781](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11781) by [@logan2d5](https://github.com/logan2d5).
* 📝 Fix image missing in French translation for `docs/fr/docs/async.md` . PR [#11787](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11787) by [@pe-brian](https://github.com/pe-brian).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/advanced-dependencies.md`. PR [#11775](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11775) by [@ceb10n](https://github.com/ceb10n).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/dependencies/classes-as-dependencies.md`. PR [#11768](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11768) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/additional-status-codes.md`. PR [#11753](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11753) by [@ceb10n](https://github.com/ceb10n).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/dependencies/index.md`. PR [#11757](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11757) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/settings.md`. PR [#11739](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11739) by [@Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda](https://github.com/Joao-Pedro-P-Holanda).
* 🌐 Add French translation for `docs/fr/docs/learn/index.md`. PR [#11712](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11712) by [@benjaminvandammeholberton](https://github.com/benjaminvandammeholberton).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/how-to/index.md`. PR [#11731](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11731) by [@vhsenna](https://github.com/vhsenna).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/additional-responses.md`. PR [#11736](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11736) by [@ceb10n](https://github.com/ceb10n).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/benchmarks.md`. PR [#11713](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11713) by [@ceb10n](https://github.com/ceb10n).
* 🌐 Fix Korean translation for `docs/ko/docs/tutorial/response-status-code.md`. PR [#11718](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11718) by [@nayeonkinn](https://github.com/nayeonkinn).
* 🌐 Add Korean translation for `docs/ko/docs/tutorial/extra-data-types.md`. PR [#11711](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11711) by [@nayeonkinn](https://github.com/nayeonkinn).
* 🌐 Fix Korean translation for `docs/ko/docs/tutorial/body-nested-models.md`. PR [#11710](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11710) by [@nayeonkinn](https://github.com/nayeonkinn).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/advanced/fastapi-cli.md`. PR [#11641](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11641) by [@ayr-ton](https://github.com/ayr-ton).
* 🌐 Add Traditional Chinese translation for `docs/zh-hant/docs/fastapi-people.md`. PR [#11639](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11639) by [@hsuanchi](https://github.com/hsuanchi).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/advanced/index.md`. PR [#11606](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11606) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/deployment/cloud.md`. PR [#11610](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11610) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/advanced/security/index.md`. PR [#11609](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11609) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/advanced/testing-websockets.md`. PR [#11608](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11608) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/how-to/general.md`. PR [#11607](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11607) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/advanced/templates.md`. PR [#11620](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11620) by [@chaoless](https://github.com/chaoless).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/deployment/index.md`. PR [#11605](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11605) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/tutorial/static-files.md`. PR [#11599](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11599) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Polish translation for `docs/pl/docs/fastapi-people.md`. PR [#10196](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/10196) by [@isulim](https://github.com/isulim).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/advanced/wsgi.md`. PR [#11575](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11575) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/tutorial/cookie-params.md`. PR [#11561](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11561) by [@hasansezertasan](https://github.com/hasansezertasan).
* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/about/index.md`. PR [#10961](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/10961) by [@s111d](https://github.com/s111d).
* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md`. PR [#11539](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11539) by [@chaoless](https://github.com/chaoless).
* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/how-to/configure-swagger-ui.md`. PR [#11501](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11501) by [@Lucas-lyh](https://github.com/Lucas-lyh).
* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `/docs/advanced/security/http-basic-auth.md`. PR [#11512](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11512) by [@nick-cjyx9](https://github.com/nick-cjyx9).
### Internal
* ♻️ Simplify internal docs script. PR [#11777](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11777) by [@gitworkflows](https://github.com/gitworkflows).
* 🔧 Update sponsors: add Fine. PR [#11784](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11784) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Tweak sponsors: Kong URL. PR [#11765](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11765) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Tweak sponsors: Kong URL. PR [#11764](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11764) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update sponsors, add Stainless. PR [#11763](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11763) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update sponsors, add Zuplo. PR [#11729](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11729) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update Sponsor link: Coherence. PR [#11730](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11730) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#11669](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11669) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Add sponsor Kong. PR [#11662](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11662) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 👷 Update Smokeshow, fix sync download artifact and smokeshow configs. PR [#11563](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11563) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 👷 Update Smokeshow download artifact GitHub Action. PR [#11562](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11562) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 👷 Update GitHub actions to download and upload artifacts to v4, for docs and coverage. PR [#11550](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11550) by [@tamird](https://github.com/tamird).
* 👷 Tweak CI for test-redistribute, add needed env vars for slim. PR [#11549](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11549) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#11511](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11511) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
## 0.111.0
### Features
* ✨ Add FastAPI CLI, the new `fastapi` command. PR [#11522](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11522) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* New docs: [FastAPI CLI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-cli/).
Try it out with:
```console
$ pip install --upgrade fastapi
$ fastapi dev main.py
╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮
│ │
│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │
│ │
│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │
│ │
│ Running in development mode, for production use: │
│ │
│ fastapi run │
│ │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
INFO: Will watch for changes in these directories: ['/home/user/code/awesomeapp']
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO: Started reloader process [2248755] using WatchFiles
INFO: Started server process [2248757]
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
INFO: Application startup complete.
```
### Refactors
* 🔧 Add configs and setup for `fastapi-slim` including optional extras `fastapi-slim[standard]`, and `fastapi` including by default the same `standard` extras. PR [#11503](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11503) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
## 0.110.3
### Docs
* 📝 Update references to Python version, FastAPI supports all the current versions, no need to make the version explicit. PR [#11496](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11496) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ✏️ Fix typo in `fastapi/security/api_key.py`. PR [#11481](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11481) by [@ch33zer](https://github.com/ch33zer).
* ✏️ Fix typo in `security/http.py`. PR [#11455](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11455) by [@omarmoo5](https://github.com/omarmoo5).
### Translations
* 🌐 Add Traditional Chinese translation for `docs/zh-hant/benchmarks.md`. PR [#11484](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11484) by [@KNChiu](https://github.com/KNChiu).
* 🌐 Update Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/fastapi-people.md`. PR [#11476](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11476) by [@billzhong](https://github.com/billzhong).
* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/how-to/index.md` and `docs/zh/docs/how-to/general.md`. PR [#11443](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11443) by [@billzhong](https://github.com/billzhong).
* 🌐 Add Spanish translation for cookie-params `docs/es/docs/tutorial/cookie-params.md`. PR [#11410](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11410) by [@fabianfalon](https://github.com/fabianfalon).
### Internal
* ⬆ Bump mkdocstrings[python] from 0.23.0 to 0.24.3. PR [#11469](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11469) by [@dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* 🔨 Update internal scripts and remove unused ones. PR [#11499](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11499) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Migrate from Hatch to PDM for the internal build. PR [#11498](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11498) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆️ Upgrade MkDocs Material and re-enable cards. PR [#11466](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11466) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆ Bump pillow from 10.2.0 to 10.3.0. PR [#11403](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11403) by [@dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* 🔧 Ungroup dependabot updates. PR [#11465](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/11465) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
@ -3799,7 +3956,7 @@ Note: all the previous parameters are still there, so it's still possible to dec
* New documentation about exceptions handlers:
* [Install custom exception handlers](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/handling-errors/#install-custom-exception-handlers).
* [Override the default exception handlers](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/handling-errors/#override-the-default-exception-handlers).
* [Re-use **FastAPI's** exception handlers](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/handling-errors/#re-use-fastapis-exception-handlers).
* [Reuse **FastAPI's** exception handlers](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/handling-errors/#reuse-fastapis-exception-handlers).
* PR [#273](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/273).
* Fix support for *paths* in *path parameters* without needing explicit `Path(...)`.

2
docs/en/docs/tutorial/background-tasks.md

@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Inside of your *path operation function*, pass your task function to the *backgr
Using `BackgroundTasks` also works with the dependency injection system, you can declare a parameter of type `BackgroundTasks` at multiple levels: in a *path operation function*, in a dependency (dependable), in a sub-dependency, etc.
**FastAPI** knows what to do in each case and how to re-use the same object, so that all the background tasks are merged together and are run in the background afterwards:
**FastAPI** knows what to do in each case and how to reuse the same object, so that all the background tasks are merged together and are run in the background afterwards:
=== "Python 3.10+"

2
docs/en/docs/tutorial/body-multiple-params.md

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ So, it will then use the parameter names as keys (field names) in the body, and
Notice that even though the `item` was declared the same way as before, it is now expected to be inside of the body with a key `item`.
**FastAPI** will do the automatic conversion from the request, so that the parameter `item` receives it's specific content and the same for `user`.
**FastAPI** will do the automatic conversion from the request, so that the parameter `item` receives its specific content and the same for `user`.
It will perform the validation of the compound data, and will document it like that for the OpenAPI schema and automatic docs.

2
docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md

@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ These dependencies can `raise` exceptions, the same as normal dependencies:
And they can return values or not, the values won't be used.
So, you can re-use a normal dependency (that returns a value) you already use somewhere else, and even though the value won't be used, the dependency will be executed:
So, you can reuse a normal dependency (that returns a value) you already use somewhere else, and even though the value won't be used, the dependency will be executed:
=== "Python 3.9+"

2
docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/sub-dependencies.md

@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ query_extractor --> query_or_cookie_extractor --> read_query
If one of your dependencies is declared multiple times for the same *path operation*, for example, multiple dependencies have a common sub-dependency, **FastAPI** will know to call that sub-dependency only once per request.
And it will save the returned value in a <abbr title="A utility/system to store computed/generated values, to re-use them instead of computing them again.">"cache"</abbr> and pass it to all the "dependants" that need it in that specific request, instead of calling the dependency multiple times for the same request.
And it will save the returned value in a <abbr title="A utility/system to store computed/generated values, to reuse them instead of computing them again.">"cache"</abbr> and pass it to all the "dependants" that need it in that specific request, instead of calling the dependency multiple times for the same request.
In an advanced scenario where you know you need the dependency to be called at every step (possibly multiple times) in the same request instead of using the "cached" value, you can set the parameter `use_cache=False` when using `Depends`:

91
docs/en/docs/tutorial/first-steps.md

@ -13,24 +13,51 @@ Run the live server:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Started reloader process [28720]
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Started server process [28722]
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Waiting for application startup.
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Application startup complete.
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> dev <u style="text-decoration-style:single">main.py</u>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using path <font color="#3465A4">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Resolved absolute path <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/awesomeapp/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Searching for package file structure from directories with <font color="#3465A4">__init__.py</font> files
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing from <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">awesomeapp</font>
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Python module file</b></font> ─╮
│ │
│ 🐍 main.py │
│ │
╰──────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing module <font color="#4E9A06">main</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Found importable FastAPI app
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Importable FastAPI app</b></font> ─╮
│ │
<span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">from</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> main </font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">import</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> app</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"> </span>
│ │
╰──────────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using import string <font color="#8AE234"><b>main:app</b></font>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Running in development mode, for production use: │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#555753"><b>fastapi run</b></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</font></span>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Will watch for changes in these directories: [&apos;/home/user/code/awesomeapp&apos;]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Uvicorn running on <b>http://127.0.0.1:8000</b> (Press CTRL+C to quit)
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started reloader process [<font color="#34E2E2"><b>2265862</b></font>] using <font color="#34E2E2"><b>WatchFiles</b></font>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started server process [<font color="#06989A">2265873</font>]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Waiting for application startup.
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Application startup complete.
```
</div>
!!! note
The command `uvicorn main:app` refers to:
* `main`: the file `main.py` (the Python "module").
* `app`: the object created inside of `main.py` with the line `app = FastAPI()`.
* `--reload`: make the server restart after code changes. Only use for development.
In the output, there's a line with something like:
```hl_lines="4"
@ -151,36 +178,6 @@ Here the `app` variable will be an "instance" of the class `FastAPI`.
This will be the main point of interaction to create all your API.
This `app` is the same one referred by `uvicorn` in the command:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
</div>
If you create your app like:
```Python hl_lines="3"
{!../../../docs_src/first_steps/tutorial002.py!}
```
And put it in a file `main.py`, then you would call `uvicorn` like:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:my_awesome_api --reload
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
</div>
### Step 3: create a *path operation*
#### Path
@ -328,6 +325,6 @@ There are many other objects and models that will be automatically converted to
* Import `FastAPI`.
* Create an `app` instance.
* Write a **path operation decorator** (like `@app.get("/")`).
* Write a **path operation function** (like `def root(): ...` above).
* Run the development server (like `uvicorn main:app --reload`).
* Write a **path operation decorator** using decorators like `@app.get("/")`.
* Define a **path operation function**; for example, `def root(): ...`.
* Run the development server using the command `fastapi dev`.

6
docs/en/docs/tutorial/handling-errors.md

@ -248,12 +248,12 @@ In this example, to be able to have both `HTTPException`s in the same code, Star
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException
```
### Re-use **FastAPI**'s exception handlers
### Reuse **FastAPI**'s exception handlers
If you want to use the exception along with the same default exception handlers from **FastAPI**, You can import and re-use the default exception handlers from `fastapi.exception_handlers`:
If you want to use the exception along with the same default exception handlers from **FastAPI**, You can import and reuse the default exception handlers from `fastapi.exception_handlers`:
```Python hl_lines="2-5 15 21"
{!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial006.py!}
```
In this example you are just `print`ing the error with a very expressive message, but you get the idea. You can use the exception and then just re-use the default exception handlers.
In this example you are just `print`ing the error with a very expressive message, but you get the idea. You can use the exception and then just reuse the default exception handlers.

75
docs/en/docs/tutorial/index.md

@ -12,18 +12,53 @@ So you can come back and see exactly what you need.
All the code blocks can be copied and used directly (they are actually tested Python files).
To run any of the examples, copy the code to a file `main.py`, and start `uvicorn` with:
To run any of the examples, copy the code to a file `main.py`, and start `fastapi dev` with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Started reloader process [28720]
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Started server process [28722]
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Waiting for application startup.
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Application startup complete.
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> dev <u style="text-decoration-style:single">main.py</u>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using path <font color="#3465A4">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Resolved absolute path <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/awesomeapp/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Searching for package file structure from directories with <font color="#3465A4">__init__.py</font> files
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing from <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">awesomeapp</font>
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Python module file</b></font> ─╮
│ │
│ 🐍 main.py │
│ │
╰──────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing module <font color="#4E9A06">main</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Found importable FastAPI app
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Importable FastAPI app</b></font> ─╮
│ │
<span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">from</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> main </font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">import</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> app</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"> </span>
│ │
╰──────────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using import string <font color="#8AE234"><b>main:app</b></font>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Running in development mode, for production use: │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#555753"><b>fastapi run</b></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</font></span>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Will watch for changes in these directories: [&apos;/home/user/code/awesomeapp&apos;]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Uvicorn running on <b>http://127.0.0.1:8000</b> (Press CTRL+C to quit)
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started reloader process [<font color="#34E2E2"><b>2265862</b></font>] using <font color="#34E2E2"><b>WatchFiles</b></font>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started server process [<font color="#06989A">2265873</font>]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Waiting for application startup.
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Application startup complete.
</pre>
```
</div>
@ -36,38 +71,22 @@ Using it in your editor is what really shows you the benefits of FastAPI, seeing
## Install FastAPI
The first step is to install FastAPI.
For the tutorial, you might want to install it with all the optional dependencies and features:
The first step is to install FastAPI:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pip install "fastapi[all]"
$ pip install fastapi
---> 100%
```
</div>
...that also includes `uvicorn`, that you can use as the server that runs your code.
!!! note
You can also install it part by part.
This is what you would probably do once you want to deploy your application to production:
```
pip install fastapi
```
Also install `uvicorn` to work as the server:
```
pip install "uvicorn[standard]"
```
When you install with `pip install fastapi` it comes with some default optional standard dependencies.
And the same for each of the optional dependencies that you want to use.
If you don't want to have those optional dependencies, you can instead install `pip install fastapi-slim`.
## Advanced User Guide

6
docs/en/docs/tutorial/path-params-numeric-validations.md

@ -92,11 +92,7 @@ For example, to declare a `title` metadata value for the path parameter `item_id
```
!!! note
A path parameter is always required as it has to be part of the path.
So, you should declare it with `...` to mark it as required.
Nevertheless, even if you declared it with `None` or set a default value, it would not affect anything, it would still be always required.
A path parameter is always required as it has to be part of the path. Even if you declared it with `None` or set a default value, it would not affect anything, it would still be always required.
## Order the parameters as you need

8
docs/en/docs/tutorial/query-params-str-validations.md

@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Now let's jump to the fun stuff. 🎉
## Add `Query` to `Annotated` in the `q` parameter
Now that we have this `Annotated` where we can put more metadata, add `Query` to it, and set the parameter `max_length` to 50:
Now that we have this `Annotated` where we can put more information (in this case some additional validation), add `Query` inside of `Annotated`, and set the parameter `max_length` to `50`:
=== "Python 3.10+"
@ -115,7 +115,11 @@ Now that we have this `Annotated` where we can put more metadata, add `Query` to
Notice that the default value is still `None`, so the parameter is still optional.
But now, having `Query(max_length=50)` inside of `Annotated`, we are telling FastAPI that we want it to extract this value from the query parameters (this would have been the default anyway 🤷) and that we want to have **additional validation** for this value (that's why we do this, to get the additional validation). 😎
But now, having `Query(max_length=50)` inside of `Annotated`, we are telling FastAPI that we want it to have **additional validation** for this value, we want it to have maximum 50 characters. 😎
!!! tip
Here we are using `Query()` because this is a **query parameter**. Later we will see others like `Path()`, `Body()`, `Header()`, and `Cookie()`, that also accept the same arguments as `Query()`.
FastAPI will now:

8
docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/first-steps.md

@ -45,9 +45,11 @@ Copy the example in a file `main.py`:
## Run it
!!! info
First install <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.
The <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a> package is automatically installed with **FastAPI** when you run the `pip install fastapi` command.
E.g. `pip install python-multipart`.
However, if you use the `pip install fastapi-slim` command, the `python-multipart` package is not included by default. To install it manually, use the following command:
`pip install python-multipart`
This is because **OAuth2** uses "form data" for sending the `username` and `password`.
@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ Run the example with:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload
$ fastapi dev main.py
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

58
docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md

@ -26,28 +26,24 @@ After a week, the token will be expired and the user will not be authorized and
If you want to play with JWT tokens and see how they work, check <a href="https://jwt.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://jwt.io</a>.
## Install `python-jose`
## Install `PyJWT`
We need to install `python-jose` to generate and verify the JWT tokens in Python:
We need to install `PyJWT` to generate and verify the JWT tokens in Python:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pip install "python-jose[cryptography]"
$ pip install pyjwt
---> 100%
```
</div>
<a href="https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python-jose</a> requires a cryptographic backend as an extra.
!!! info
If you are planning to use digital signature algorithms like RSA or ECDSA, you should install the cryptography library dependency `pyjwt[crypto]`.
Here we are using the recommended one: <a href="https://cryptography.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pyca/cryptography</a>.
!!! tip
This tutorial previously used <a href="https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyJWT</a>.
But it was updated to use Python-jose instead as it provides all the features from PyJWT plus some extras that you might need later when building integrations with other tools.
You can read more about it in the <a href="https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyJWT Installation docs</a>.
## Password hashing
@ -111,19 +107,19 @@ And another one to authenticate and return a user.
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="7 48 55-56 59-60 69-75"
```Python hl_lines="8 49 56-57 60-61 70-76"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="7 48 55-56 59-60 69-75"
```Python hl_lines="8 49 56-57 60-61 70-76"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="7 49 56-57 60-61 70-76"
```Python hl_lines="8 50 57-58 61-62 71-77"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an.py!}
```
@ -132,7 +128,7 @@ And another one to authenticate and return a user.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="6 47 54-55 58-59 68-74"
```Python hl_lines="7 48 55-56 59-60 69-75"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_py310.py!}
```
@ -141,7 +137,7 @@ And another one to authenticate and return a user.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="7 48 55-56 59-60 69-75"
```Python hl_lines="8 49 56-57 60-61 70-76"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
```
@ -178,19 +174,19 @@ Create a utility function to generate a new access token.
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="6 12-14 28-30 78-86"
```Python hl_lines="4 7 13-15 29-31 79-87"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="6 12-14 28-30 78-86"
```Python hl_lines="4 7 13-15 29-31 79-87"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="6 13-15 29-31 79-87"
```Python hl_lines="4 7 14-16 30-32 80-88"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an.py!}
```
@ -199,7 +195,7 @@ Create a utility function to generate a new access token.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="5 11-13 27-29 77-85"
```Python hl_lines="3 6 12-14 28-30 78-86"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_py310.py!}
```
@ -208,7 +204,7 @@ Create a utility function to generate a new access token.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="6 12-14 28-30 78-86"
```Python hl_lines="4 7 13-15 29-31 79-87"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
```
@ -222,19 +218,19 @@ If the token is invalid, return an HTTP error right away.
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="89-106"
```Python hl_lines="90-107"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="89-106"
```Python hl_lines="90-107"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="90-107"
```Python hl_lines="91-108"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an.py!}
```
@ -243,7 +239,7 @@ If the token is invalid, return an HTTP error right away.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="88-105"
```Python hl_lines="89-106"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_py310.py!}
```
@ -252,7 +248,7 @@ If the token is invalid, return an HTTP error right away.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="89-106"
```Python hl_lines="90-107"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
```
@ -264,19 +260,19 @@ Create a real JWT access token and return it.
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="117-132"
```Python hl_lines="118-133"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="117-132"
```Python hl_lines="118-133"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="118-133"
```Python hl_lines="119-134"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an.py!}
```
@ -285,7 +281,7 @@ Create a real JWT access token and return it.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="114-129"
```Python hl_lines="115-130"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_py310.py!}
```
@ -294,7 +290,7 @@ Create a real JWT access token and return it.
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="115-130"
```Python hl_lines="116-131"
{!> ../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
```
@ -384,7 +380,7 @@ Many packages that simplify it a lot have to make many compromises with the data
It gives you all the flexibility to choose the ones that fit your project the best.
And you can use directly many well maintained and widely used packages like `passlib` and `python-jose`, because **FastAPI** doesn't require any complex mechanisms to integrate external packages.
And you can use directly many well maintained and widely used packages like `passlib` and `PyJWT`, because **FastAPI** doesn't require any complex mechanisms to integrate external packages.
But it provides you the tools to simplify the process as much as possible without compromising flexibility, robustness, or security.

2
docs/en/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md

@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ And you would also use Alembic for "migrations" (that's its main job).
A "migration" is the set of steps needed whenever you change the structure of your SQLAlchemy models, add a new attribute, etc. to replicate those changes in the database, add a new column, a new table, etc.
You can find an example of Alembic in a FastAPI project in the templates from [Project Generation - Template](../project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. Specifically in <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-fastapi-postgresql/tree/master/src/backend/app/alembic" class="external-link" target="_blank">the `alembic` directory in the source code</a>.
You can find an example of Alembic in a FastAPI project in the [Full Stack FastAPI Template](../project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. Specifically in <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-fastapi-template/tree/master/backend/app/alembic" class="external-link" target="_blank">the `alembic` directory in the source code</a>.
### Create a dependency

1
docs/en/mkdocs.yml

@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ nav:
- advanced/openapi-webhooks.md
- advanced/wsgi.md
- advanced/generate-clients.md
- fastapi-cli.md
- Deployment:
- deployment/index.md
- deployment/versions.md

20
docs/en/overrides/main.html

@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
</a>
</div>
<div class="item">
<a title="Coherence" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://www.withcoherence.com/?utm_medium=advertising&utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=banner%20january%2024" target="_blank">
<a title="Coherence" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://docs.withcoherence.com/configuration/frameworks/?utm_medium=advertising&utm_source=fastapi&utm_campaign=docs#fastapi-example" target="_blank">
<span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/coherence-banner.png" />
</a>
@ -76,6 +76,24 @@
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/mongodb-banner.png" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="item">
<a title="Kong Konnect - API management platform" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://konghq.com/products/kong-konnect?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_campaign=platform&utm_content=fast-api" target="_blank">
<span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/kong-banner.png" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="item">
<a title="Zuplo: Scale, Protect, Document, and Monetize your FastAPI" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://zuplo.link/fastapi-web" target="_blank">
<span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/zuplo-banner.png" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="item">
<a title="Fine's AI FastAPI Workflow: Effortlessly Deploy and Integrate FastAPI into Your Project" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://fine.dev?ref=fastapibanner" target="_blank">
<span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/fine-banner.png" />
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

56
docs/es/docs/how-to/graphql.md

@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
# GraphQL
Como **FastAPI** está basado en el estándar **ASGI**, es muy fácil integrar cualquier library **GraphQL** que sea compatible con ASGI.
Puedes combinar *operaciones de path* regulares de la library de FastAPI con GraphQL en la misma aplicación.
!!! tip
**GraphQL** resuelve algunos casos de uso específicos.
Tiene **ventajas** y **desventajas** cuando lo comparas con **APIs web** comunes.
Asegúrate de evaluar si los **beneficios** para tu caso de uso compensan las **desventajas.** 🤓
## Librerías GraphQL
Aquí hay algunas de las libraries de **GraphQL** que tienen soporte con **ASGI** las cuales podrías usar con **FastAPI**:
* <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry</a> 🍓
* Con <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/docs/integrations/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentación para FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Ariadne</a>
* Con <a href="https://ariadnegraphql.org/docs/fastapi-integration" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentación para FastAPI</a>
* <a href="https://tartiflette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tartiflette</a>
* Con <a href="https://tartiflette.github.io/tartiflette-asgi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tartiflette ASGI</a> para proveer integración con ASGI
* <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Graphene</a>
* Con <a href="https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3" class="external-link" target="_blank">starlette-graphene3</a>
## GraphQL con Strawberry
Si necesitas o quieres trabajar con **GraphQL**, <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Strawberry**</a> es la library **recomendada** por el diseño más cercano a **FastAPI**, el cual es completamente basado en **anotaciones de tipo**.
Dependiendo de tus casos de uso, podrías preferir usar una library diferente, pero si me preguntas, probablemente te recomendaría **Strawberry**.
Aquí hay una pequeña muestra de cómo podrías integrar Strawberry con FastAPI:
```Python hl_lines="3 22 25-26"
{!../../../docs_src/graphql/tutorial001.py!}
```
Puedes aprender más sobre Strawberry en la <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentación de Strawberry</a>.
Y también en la documentación sobre <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/docs/integrations/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry con FastAPI</a>.
## Clase obsoleta `GraphQLApp` en Starlette
Versiones anteriores de Starlette incluyen la clase `GraphQLApp` para integrarlo con <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Graphene</a>.
Esto fue marcado como obsoleto en Starlette, pero si aún tienes código que lo usa, puedes fácilmente **migrar** a <a href="https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3" class="external-link" target="_blank">starlette-graphene3</a>, la cual cubre el mismo caso de uso y tiene una **interfaz casi idéntica.**
!!! tip
Si necesitas GraphQL, te recomendaría revisar <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry</a>, que es basada en anotaciones de tipo en vez de clases y tipos personalizados.
## Aprende más
Puedes aprender más acerca de **GraphQL** en la <a href="https://graphql.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentación oficial de GraphQL</a>.
También puedes leer más acerca de cada library descrita anteriormente en sus enlaces.

8
docs/es/docs/index.md

@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ hide:
**Código Fuente**: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi</a>
---
FastAPI es un web framework moderno y rápido (de alto rendimiento) para construir APIs con Python 3.8+ basado en las anotaciones de tipos estándar de Python.
FastAPI es un web framework moderno y rápido (de alto rendimiento) para construir APIs con Python basado en las anotaciones de tipos estándar de Python.
Sus características principales son:
@ -115,8 +115,6 @@ Si estás construyendo un app de <abbr title="Interfaz de línea de comandos en
## Requisitos
Python 3.8+
FastAPI está sobre los hombros de gigantes:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> para las partes web.
@ -134,7 +132,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
También vas a necesitar un servidor ASGI para producción cómo <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> o <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
También vas a necesitar un servidor ASGI para producción cómo <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> o <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
@ -328,7 +326,7 @@ Lo haces con tipos modernos estándar de Python.
No tienes que aprender una sintaxis nueva, los métodos o clases de una library específica, etc.
Solo **Python 3.8+** estándar.
Solo **Python** estándar.
Por ejemplo, para un `int`:

2
docs/fa/docs/index.md

@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
نصب یک سرور پروداکشن نظیر <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> یا <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a> نیز جزء نیازمندی‌هاست.
نصب یک سرور پروداکشن نظیر <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> یا <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a> نیز جزء نیازمندی‌هاست.
<div class="termy">

34
docs/fr/docs/async.md

@ -103,24 +103,41 @@ Pour expliquer la différence, voici une histoire de burgers :
Vous amenez votre crush 😍 dans votre fast food 🍔 favori, et faites la queue pendant que le serveur 💁 prend les commandes des personnes devant vous.
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-01.png" class="illustration">
Puis vient votre tour, vous commandez alors 2 magnifiques burgers 🍔 pour votre crush 😍 et vous.
Vous payez 💸.
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-02.png" class="illustration">
Le serveur 💁 dit quelque chose à son collègue dans la cuisine 👨‍🍳 pour qu'il sache qu'il doit préparer vos burgers 🍔 (bien qu'il soit déjà en train de préparer ceux des clients précédents).
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-03.png" class="illustration">
Vous payez 💸.
Le serveur 💁 vous donne le numéro assigné à votre commande.
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-04.png" class="illustration">
Pendant que vous attendez, vous allez choisir une table avec votre crush 😍, vous discutez avec votre crush 😍 pendant un long moment (les burgers étant "magnifiques" ils sont très longs à préparer ✨🍔✨).
Pendant que vous êtes assis à table, en attendant que les burgers 🍔 soient prêts, vous pouvez passer ce temps à admirer à quel point votre crush 😍 est géniale, mignonne et intelligente ✨😍✨.
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-05.png" class="illustration">
Pendant que vous discutez avec votre crush 😍, de temps en temps vous jetez un coup d'oeil au nombre affiché au-dessus du comptoir pour savoir si c'est à votre tour d'être servis.
Jusqu'au moment où c'est (enfin) votre tour. Vous allez au comptoir, récupérez vos burgers 🍔 et revenez à votre table.
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-06.png" class="illustration">
Vous et votre crush 😍 mangez les burgers 🍔 et passez un bon moment ✨.
<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-07.png" class="illustration">
!!! info
Illustrations proposées par <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ketrinadrawsalot" class="external-link" target="_blank">Ketrina Thompson</a>. 🎨
---
Imaginez que vous êtes l'ordinateur / le programme 🤖 dans cette histoire.
@ -149,26 +166,41 @@ Vous attendez pendant que plusieurs (disons 8) serveurs qui sont aussi des cuisi
Chaque personne devant vous attend 🕙 que son burger 🍔 soit prêt avant de quitter le comptoir car chacun des 8 serveurs va lui-même préparer le burger directement avant de prendre la commande suivante.
<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-01.png" class="illustration">
Puis c'est enfin votre tour, vous commandez 2 magnifiques burgers 🍔 pour vous et votre crush 😍.
Vous payez 💸.
<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-02.png" class="illustration">
Le serveur va dans la cuisine 👨‍🍳.
Vous attendez devant le comptoir afin que personne ne prenne vos burgers 🍔 avant vous, vu qu'il n'y a pas de numéro de commande.
<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-03.png" class="illustration">
Vous et votre crush 😍 étant occupés à vérifier que personne ne passe devant vous prendre vos burgers au moment où ils arriveront 🕙, vous ne pouvez pas vous préoccuper de votre crush 😞.
C'est du travail "synchrone", vous être "synchronisés" avec le serveur/cuisinier 👨‍🍳. Vous devez attendre 🕙 et être présent au moment exact où le serveur/cuisinier 👨‍🍳 finira les burgers 🍔 et vous les donnera, sinon quelqu'un risque de vous les prendre.
<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-04.png" class="illustration">
Puis le serveur/cuisinier 👨‍🍳 revient enfin avec vos burgers 🍔, après un long moment d'attente 🕙 devant le comptoir.
<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-05.png" class="illustration">
Vous prenez vos burgers 🍔 et allez à une table avec votre crush 😍
Vous les mangez, et vous avez terminé 🍔 ⏹.
<img src="/img/async/parallel-burgers/parallel-burgers-06.png" class="illustration">
Durant tout ce processus, il n'y a presque pas eu de discussions ou de flirts car la plupart de votre temps à été passé à attendre 🕙 devant le comptoir 😞.
!!! info
Illustrations proposées par <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ketrinadrawsalot" class="external-link" target="_blank">Ketrina Thompson</a>. 🎨
---
Dans ce scénario de burgers parallèles, vous êtes un ordinateur / programme 🤖 avec deux processeurs (vous et votre crush 😍) attendant 🕙 à deux et dédiant votre attention 🕙 à "attendre devant le comptoir" pour une longue durée.

4
docs/fr/docs/deployment/manually.md

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ La principale chose dont vous avez besoin pour exécuter une application **FastA
Il existe 3 principales alternatives :
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> : un serveur ASGI haute performance.
* <a href="https://pgjones.gitlab.io/hypercorn/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a> : un serveur
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a> : un serveur
ASGI compatible avec HTTP/2 et Trio entre autres fonctionnalités.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">Daphne</a> : le serveur ASGI
conçu pour Django Channels.
@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Vous pouvez installer un serveur compatible ASGI avec :
=== "Hypercorn"
* <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, un serveur ASGI également compatible avec HTTP/2.
* <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, un serveur ASGI également compatible avec HTTP/2.
<div class="termy">

6
docs/fr/docs/index.md

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI est un framework web moderne et rapide (haute performance) pour la création d'API avec Python 3.8+, basé sur les annotations de type standard de Python.
FastAPI est un framework web moderne et rapide (haute performance) pour la création d'API avec Python, basé sur les annotations de type standard de Python.
Les principales fonctionnalités sont :
@ -124,8 +124,6 @@ Si vous souhaitez construire une application <abbr title="Command Line Interface
## Prérequis
Python 3.8+
FastAPI repose sur les épaules de géants :
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> pour les parties web.
@ -340,7 +338,7 @@ Vous faites cela avec les types Python standard modernes.
Vous n'avez pas à apprendre une nouvelle syntaxe, les méthodes ou les classes d'une bibliothèque spécifique, etc.
Juste du **Python 3.8+** standard.
Juste du **Python** standard.
Par exemple, pour un `int`:

5
docs/fr/docs/learn/index.md

@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
# Apprendre
Voici les sections introductives et les tutoriels pour apprendre **FastAPI**.
Vous pouvez considérer ceci comme un **manuel**, un **cours**, la **méthode officielle** et recommandée pour appréhender FastAPI. 😎

2
docs/he/docs/index.md

@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
תצטרכו גם שרת ASGI כגון <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> או <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
תצטרכו גם שרת ASGI כגון <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> או <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div dir="ltr" class="termy">

6
docs/hu/docs/index.md

@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
**Forrás kód**: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi</a>
---
A FastAPI egy modern, gyors (nagy teljesítményű), webes keretrendszer API-ok építéséhez Python 3.8+-al, a Python szabványos típusjelöléseire építve.
A FastAPI egy modern, gyors (nagy teljesítményű), webes keretrendszer API-ok építéséhez Python -al, a Python szabványos típusjelöléseire építve.
Kulcs funkciók:
@ -115,8 +115,6 @@ Ha egy olyan CLI alkalmazást fejlesztesz amit a parancssorban kell használni w
## Követelmények
Python 3.8+
A FastAPI óriások vállán áll:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> a webes részekhez.
@ -331,7 +329,7 @@ Ezt standard modern Python típusokkal csinálod.
Nem kell új szintaxist, vagy specifikus könyvtár mert metódósait, stb. megtanulnod.
Csak standard **Python 3.8+**.
Csak standard **Python**.
Például egy `int`-nek:

2
docs/it/docs/index.md

@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
Per il rilascio in produzione, sarà necessario un server ASGI come <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> oppure <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
Per il rilascio in produzione, sarà necessario un server ASGI come <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> oppure <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">

2
docs/ja/docs/deployment/manually.md

@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
=== "Hypercorn"
* <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, HTTP/2にも対応しているASGIサーバ。
* <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, HTTP/2にも対応しているASGIサーバ。
<div class="termy">

6
docs/ja/docs/index.md

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI は、Pythonの標準である型ヒントに基づいてPython 3.8 以降でAPI を構築するための、モダンで、高速(高パフォーマンス)な、Web フレームワークです。
FastAPI は、Pythonの標準である型ヒントに基づいてPython 以降でAPI を構築するための、モダンで、高速(高パフォーマンス)な、Web フレームワークです。
主な特徴:
@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ FastAPI は、Pythonの標準である型ヒントに基づいてPython 3.8 以
## 必要条件
Python 3.8+
FastAPI は巨人の肩の上に立っています。
- Web の部分は<a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>
@ -135,7 +133,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
本番環境では、<a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> または、 <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>のような、 ASGI サーバーが必要になります。
本番環境では、<a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> または、 <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>のような、 ASGI サーバーが必要になります。
<div class="termy">

8
docs/ko/docs/index.md

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI는 현대적이고, 빠르며(고성능), 파이썬 표준 타입 힌트에 기초한 Python3.8+의 API를 빌드하기 위한 웹 프레임워크입니다.
FastAPI는 현대적이고, 빠르며(고성능), 파이썬 표준 타입 힌트에 기초한 Python의 API를 빌드하기 위한 웹 프레임워크입니다.
주요 특징으로:
@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ FastAPI는 현대적이고, 빠르며(고성능), 파이썬 표준 타입 힌트
## 요구사항
Python 3.8+
FastAPI는 거인들의 어깨 위에 서 있습니다:
* 웹 부분을 위한 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>.
@ -135,7 +133,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
프로덕션을 위해 <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> 또는 <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>과 같은 ASGI 서버도 필요할 겁니다.
프로덕션을 위해 <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> 또는 <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>과 같은 ASGI 서버도 필요할 겁니다.
<div class="termy">
@ -332,7 +330,7 @@ def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
새로운 문법, 특정 라이브러리의 메소드나 클래스 등을 배울 필요가 없습니다.
그저 표준 **Python 3.8+** 입니다.
그저 표준 **Python** 입니다.
예를 들어, `int`에 대해선:

2
docs/ko/docs/tutorial/body-nested-models.md

@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ my_list: List[str]
## 집합 타입
그런데 생각해보니 태그는 반복되면 안 고, 고유한(Unique) 문자열이어야 할 것 같습니다.
그런데 생각해보니 태그는 반복되면 안 고, 고유한(Unique) 문자열이어야 할 것 같습니다.
그리고 파이썬은 집합을 위한 특별한 데이터 타입 `set`이 있습니다.

130
docs/ko/docs/tutorial/extra-data-types.md

@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
# 추가 데이터 자료형
지금까지 일반적인 데이터 자료형을 사용했습니다. 예를 들면 다음과 같습니다:
* `int`
* `float`
* `str`
* `bool`
하지만 더 복잡한 데이터 자료형 또한 사용할 수 있습니다.
그리고 지금까지와 같은 기능들을 여전히 사용할 수 있습니다.
* 훌륭한 편집기 지원.
* 들어오는 요청의 데이터 변환.
* 응답 데이터의 데이터 변환.
* 데이터 검증.
* 자동 어노테이션과 문서화.
## 다른 데이터 자료형
아래의 추가적인 데이터 자료형을 사용할 수 있습니다:
* `UUID`:
* 표준 "범용 고유 식별자"로, 많은 데이터베이스와 시스템에서 ID로 사용됩니다.
* 요청과 응답에서 `str`로 표현됩니다.
* `datetime.datetime`:
* 파이썬의 `datetime.datetime`.
* 요청과 응답에서 `2008-09-15T15:53:00+05:00`와 같은 ISO 8601 형식의 `str`로 표현됩니다.
* `datetime.date`:
* 파이썬의 `datetime.date`.
* 요청과 응답에서 `2008-09-15`와 같은 ISO 8601 형식의 `str`로 표현됩니다.
* `datetime.time`:
* 파이썬의 `datetime.time`.
* 요청과 응답에서 `14:23:55.003`와 같은 ISO 8601 형식의 `str`로 표현됩니다.
* `datetime.timedelta`:
* 파이썬의 `datetime.timedelta`.
* 요청과 응답에서 전체 초(seconds)의 `float`로 표현됩니다.
* Pydantic은 "ISO 8601 시차 인코딩"으로 표현하는 것 또한 허용합니다. <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#json_encoders" class="external-link" target="_blank">더 많은 정보는 이 문서에서 확인하십시오.</a>.
* `frozenset`:
* 요청과 응답에서 `set`와 동일하게 취급됩니다:
* 요청 시, 리스트를 읽어 중복을 제거하고 `set`로 변환합니다.
* 응답 시, `set``list`로 변환됩니다.
* 생성된 스키마는 (JSON 스키마의 `uniqueItems`를 이용해) `set`의 값이 고유함을 명시합니다.
* `bytes`:
* 표준 파이썬의 `bytes`.
* 요청과 응답에서 `str`로 취급됩니다.
* 생성된 스키마는 이것이 `binary` "형식"의 `str`임을 명시합니다.
* `Decimal`:
* 표준 파이썬의 `Decimal`.
* 요청과 응답에서 `float`와 동일하게 다뤄집니다.
* 여기에서 모든 유효한 pydantic 데이터 자료형을 확인할 수 있습니다: <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/types/types/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic 데이터 자료형</a>.
## 예시
위의 몇몇 자료형을 매개변수로 사용하는 *경로 작동* 예시입니다.
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="1 3 12-16"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="1 3 12-16"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="1 3 13-17"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.10+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="1 2 11-15"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="1 2 12-16"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001.py!}
```
함수 안의 매개변수가 그들만의 데이터 자료형을 가지고 있으며, 예를 들어, 다음과 같이 날짜를 조작할 수 있음을 참고하십시오:
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="18-19"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="18-19"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="19-20"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.10+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="17-18"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip
Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
```Python hl_lines="18-19"
{!> ../../../docs_src/extra_data_types/tutorial001.py!}
```

12
docs/ko/docs/tutorial/response-status-code.md

@ -43,16 +43,16 @@ HTTP는 세자리의 숫자 상태 코드를 응답의 일부로 전송합니다
요약하자면:
* `**1xx**` 상태 코드는 "정보"용입니다. 이들은 직접적으로는 잘 사용되지는 않습니다. 이 상태 코드를 갖는 응답들은 본문을 가질 수 없습니다.
* `**2xx**` 상태 코드는 "성공적인" 응답을 위해 사용됩니다. 가장 많이 사용되는 유형입니다.
* `1xx` 상태 코드는 "정보"용입니다. 이들은 직접적으로는 잘 사용되지는 않습니다. 이 상태 코드를 갖는 응답들은 본문을 가질 수 없습니다.
* **`2xx`** 상태 코드는 "성공적인" 응답을 위해 사용됩니다. 가장 많이 사용되는 유형입니다.
* `200` 은 디폴트 상태 코드로, 모든 것이 "성공적임"을 의미합니다.
* 다른 예로는 `201` "생성됨"이 있습니다. 일반적으로 데이터베이스에 새로운 레코드를 생성한 후 사용합니다.
* 단, `204` "내용 없음"은 특별한 경우입니다. 이것은 클라이언트에게 반환할 내용이 없는 경우 사용합니다. 따라서 응답은 본문을 가질 수 없습니다.
* `**3xx**` 상태 코드는 "리다이렉션"용입니다. 본문을 가질 수 없는 `304` "수정되지 않음"을 제외하고, 이 상태 코드를 갖는 응답에는 본문이 있을 수도, 없을 수도 있습니다.
* `**4xx**` 상태 코드는 "클라이언트 오류" 응답을 위해 사용됩니다. 이것은 아마 가장 많이 사용하게 될 두번째 유형입니다.
* **`3xx`** 상태 코드는 "리다이렉션"용입니다. 본문을 가질 수 없는 `304` "수정되지 않음"을 제외하고, 이 상태 코드를 갖는 응답에는 본문이 있을 수도, 없을 수도 있습니다.
* **`4xx`** 상태 코드는 "클라이언트 오류" 응답을 위해 사용됩니다. 이것은 아마 가장 많이 사용하게 될 두번째 유형입니다.
* 일례로 `404` 는 "찾을 수 없음" 응답을 위해 사용합니다.
* 일반적인 클라이언트 오류의 경우 `400` 을 사용할 수 있습니다.
* `**5xx**` 상태 코드는 서버 오류에 사용됩니다. 이것들을 직접 사용할 일은 거의 없습니다. 응용 프로그램 코드나 서버의 일부에서 문제가 발생하면 자동으로 이들 상태 코드 중 하나를 반환합니다.
* `5xx` 상태 코드는 서버 오류에 사용됩니다. 이것들을 직접 사용할 일은 거의 없습니다. 응용 프로그램 코드나 서버의 일부에서 문제가 발생하면 자동으로 이들 상태 코드 중 하나를 반환합니다.
!!! tip "팁"
각각의 상태 코드와 이들이 의미하는 내용에 대해 더 알고싶다면 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Mozilla Developer Network">MDN</abbr> HTTP 상태 코드에 관한 문서</a> 를 확인하십시오.
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ HTTP는 세자리의 숫자 상태 코드를 응답의 일부로 전송합니다
!!! note "기술적 세부사항"
`from starlette import status` 역시 사용할 수 있습니다.
**FastAPI**는 개발자인 당신의 편의를 위해 `fastapi.status` 와 동일한 `starlette.status` 도 제공합니다. 하지만 이것은 Starlette로부터 직접 제공됩니다.
**FastAPI**는 개발자인 여러분의 편의를 위해 `fastapi.status` 와 동일한 `starlette.status` 도 제공합니다. 하지만 이것은 Starlette로부터 직접 제공됩니다.
## 기본값 변경

178
docs/pl/docs/fastapi-people.md

@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
# Ludzie FastAPI
FastAPI posiada wspaniałą społeczność, która jest otwarta dla ludzi z każdego środowiska.
## Twórca - Opienik
Cześć! 👋
To ja:
{% if people %}
<div class="user-list user-list-center">
{% for user in people.maintainers %}
<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Liczba odpowiedzi: {{ user.answers }}</div><div class="count">Pull Requesty: {{ user.prs }}</div></div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
Jestem twórcą i opiekunem **FastAPI**. Możesz przeczytać więcej na ten temat w [Pomoc FastAPI - Uzyskaj pomoc - Skontaktuj się z autorem](help-fastapi.md#connect-with-the-author){.internal-link target=_blank}.
...Ale tutaj chcę pokazać Ci społeczność.
---
**FastAPI** otrzymuje wiele wsparcia od społeczności. Chciałbym podkreślić ich wkład.
To są ludzie, którzy:
* [Pomagają innym z pytaniami na GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-questions-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank}.
* [Tworzą Pull Requesty](help-fastapi.md#create-a-pull-request){.internal-link target=_blank}.
* Oceniają Pull Requesty, [to szczególnie ważne dla tłumaczeń](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank}.
Proszę o brawa dla nich. 👏 🙇
## Najaktywniejsi użytkownicy w zeszłym miesiącu
Oto niektórzy użytkownicy, którzy [pomagali innym w największej liczbie pytań na GitHubie](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-questions-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank} podczas ostatniego miesiąca. ☕
{% if people %}
<div class="user-list user-list-center">
{% for user in people.last_month_active %}
<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Udzielonych odpowiedzi: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
## Eksperci
Oto **eksperci FastAPI**. 🤓
To użytkownicy, którzy [pomogli innym z największa liczbą pytań na GitHubie](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-questions-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank} od *samego początku*.
Poprzez pomoc wielu innym, udowodnili, że są ekspertami. ✨
{% if people %}
<div class="user-list user-list-center">
{% for user in people.experts %}
<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Udzielonych odpowiedzi: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
## Najlepsi Kontrybutorzy
Oto **Najlepsi Kontrybutorzy**. 👷
Ci użytkownicy [stworzyli najwięcej Pull Requestów](help-fastapi.md#create-a-pull-request){.internal-link target=_blank}, które zostały *wcalone*.
Współtworzyli kod źródłowy, dokumentację, tłumaczenia itp. 📦
{% if people %}
<div class="user-list user-list-center">
{% for user in people.top_contributors %}
<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Pull Requesty: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
Jest wielu więcej kontrybutorów (ponad setka), możesz zobaczyć ich wszystkich na stronie <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/graphs/contributors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Kontrybutorzy FastAPI na GitHub</a>. 👷
## Najlepsi Oceniajacy
Ci uzytkownicy są **Najlepszymi oceniającymi**. 🕵️
### Oceny Tłumaczeń
Ja mówię tylko kilkoma językami (i to niezbyt dobrze 😅). Zatem oceniający są tymi, którzy mają [**moc zatwierdzania tłumaczeń**](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank} dokumentacji. Bez nich nie byłoby dokumentacji w kilku innych językach.
---
**Najlepsi Oceniający** 🕵️ przejrzeli więcej Pull Requestów, niż inni, zapewniając jakość kodu, dokumentacji, a zwłaszcza **tłumaczeń**.
{% if people %}
<div class="user-list user-list-center">
{% for user in people.top_reviewers %}
<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Liczba ocen: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
## Sponsorzy
Oto **Sponsorzy**. 😎
Wspierają moją pracę nad **FastAPI** (i innymi), głównie poprzez <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">GitHub Sponsors</a>.
{% if sponsors %}
{% if sponsors.gold %}
### Złoci Sponsorzy
{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}" style="border-radius:15px"></a>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% if sponsors.silver %}
### Srebrni Sponsorzy
{% for sponsor in sponsors.silver -%}
<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}" style="border-radius:15px"></a>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% if sponsors.bronze %}
### Brązowi Sponsorzy
{% for sponsor in sponsors.bronze -%}
<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}" style="border-radius:15px"></a>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% endif %}
### Indywidualni Sponsorzy
{% if github_sponsors %}
{% for group in github_sponsors.sponsors %}
<div class="user-list user-list-center">
{% for user in group %}
{% if user.login not in sponsors_badge.logins %}
<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a></div>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
## Techniczne szczegóły danych
Głównym celem tej strony jest podkreślenie wysiłku społeczności w pomaganiu innym.
Szczególnie włączając wysiłki, które są zwykle mniej widoczne, a w wielu przypadkach bardziej żmudne, tak jak pomaganie innym z pytaniami i ocenianie Pull Requestów z tłumaczeniami.
Dane są obliczane każdego miesiąca, możesz przeczytać <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/blob/master/.github/actions/people/app/main.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">kod źródłowy tutaj</a>.
Tutaj również podkreślam wkład od sponsorów.
Zastrzegam sobie prawo do aktualizacji algorytmu, sekcji, progów itp. (na wszelki wypadek 🤷).

8
docs/pl/docs/index.md

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI to nowoczesny, wydajny framework webowy do budowania API z użyciem Pythona 3.8+ bazujący na standardowym typowaniu Pythona.
FastAPI to nowoczesny, wydajny framework webowy do budowania API z użyciem Pythona bazujący na standardowym typowaniu Pythona.
Kluczowe cechy:
@ -115,8 +115,6 @@ Jeżeli tworzysz aplikacje <abbr title="aplikacja z interfejsem konsolowym">CLI<
## Wymagania
Python 3.8+
FastAPI oparty jest na:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> dla części webowej.
@ -134,7 +132,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
Na serwerze produkcyjnym będziesz także potrzebował serwera ASGI, np. <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> lub <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
Na serwerze produkcyjnym będziesz także potrzebował serwera ASGI, np. <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> lub <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
@ -330,7 +328,7 @@ Robisz to tak samo jak ze standardowymi typami w Pythonie.
Nie musisz sie uczyć żadnej nowej składni, metod lub klas ze specyficznych bibliotek itp.
Po prostu standardowy **Python 3.8+**.
Po prostu standardowy **Python**.
Na przykład, dla danych typu `int`:

240
docs/pt/docs/advanced/additional-responses.md

@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
# Retornos Adicionais no OpenAPI
!!! warning "Aviso"
Este é um tema bem avançado.
Se você está começando com o **FastAPI**, provavelmente você não precisa disso.
Você pode declarar retornos adicionais, com códigos de status adicionais, media types, descrições, etc.
Essas respostas adicionais serão incluídas no esquema do OpenAPI, e também aparecerão na documentação da API.
Porém para as respostas adicionais, você deve garantir que está retornando um `Response` como por exemplo o `JSONResponse` diretamente, junto com o código de status e o conteúdo.
## Retorno Adicional com `model`
Você pode fornecer o parâmetro `responses` aos seus *decoradores de caminho*.
Este parâmetro recebe um `dict`, as chaves são os códigos de status para cada retorno, como por exemplo `200`, e os valores são um outro `dict` com a informação de cada um deles.
Cada um desses `dict` de retorno pode ter uma chave `model`, contendo um modelo do Pydantic, assim como o `response_model`.
O **FastAPI** pegará este modelo, gerará o esquema JSON dele e incluirá no local correto do OpenAPI.
Por exemplo, para declarar um outro retorno com o status code `404` e um modelo do Pydantic chamado `Message`, você pode escrever:
```Python hl_lines="18 22"
{!../../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001.py!}
```
!!! note "Nota"
Lembre-se que você deve retornar o `JSONResponse` diretamente.
!!! info "Informação"
A chave `model` não é parte do OpenAPI.
O **FastAPI** pegará o modelo do Pydantic, gerará o `JSON Schema`, e adicionará no local correto.
O local correto é:
* Na chave `content`, que tem como valor um outro objeto JSON (`dict`) que contém:
* Uma chave com o media type, como por exemplo `application/json`, que contém como valor um outro objeto JSON, contendo::
* Uma chave `schema`, que contém como valor o JSON Schema do modelo, sendo este o local correto.
* O **FastAPI** adiciona aqui a referência dos esquemas JSON globais que estão localizados em outro lugar, ao invés de incluí-lo diretamente. Deste modo, outras aplicações e clientes podem utilizar estes esquemas JSON diretamente, fornecer melhores ferramentas de geração de código, etc.
O retorno gerado no OpenAI para esta *operação de caminho* será:
```JSON hl_lines="3-12"
{
"responses": {
"404": {
"description": "Additional Response",
"content": {
"application/json": {
"schema": {
"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Message"
}
}
}
},
"200": {
"description": "Successful Response",
"content": {
"application/json": {
"schema": {
"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Item"
}
}
}
},
"422": {
"description": "Validation Error",
"content": {
"application/json": {
"schema": {
"$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
}
}
}
}
}
}
```
Os esquemas são referenciados em outro local dentro do esquema OpenAPI:
```JSON hl_lines="4-16"
{
"components": {
"schemas": {
"Message": {
"title": "Message",
"required": [
"message"
],
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"message": {
"title": "Message",
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"Item": {
"title": "Item",
"required": [
"id",
"value"
],
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"id": {
"title": "Id",
"type": "string"
},
"value": {
"title": "Value",
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"ValidationError": {
"title": "ValidationError",
"required": [
"loc",
"msg",
"type"
],
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"loc": {
"title": "Location",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"msg": {
"title": "Message",
"type": "string"
},
"type": {
"title": "Error Type",
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"HTTPValidationError": {
"title": "HTTPValidationError",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"detail": {
"title": "Detail",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/components/schemas/ValidationError"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
```
## Media types adicionais para o retorno principal
Você pode utilizar o mesmo parâmetro `responses` para adicionar diferentes media types para o mesmo retorno principal.
Por exemplo, você pode adicionar um media type adicional de `image/png`, declarando que a sua *operação de caminho* pode retornar um objeto JSON (com o media type `application/json`) ou uma imagem PNG:
```Python hl_lines="19-24 28"
{!../../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial002.py!}
```
!!! note "Nota"
Note que você deve retornar a imagem utilizando um `FileResponse` diretamente.
!!! info "Informação"
A menos que você especifique um media type diferente explicitamente em seu parâmetro `responses`, o FastAPI assumirá que o retorno possui o mesmo media type contido na classe principal de retorno (padrão `application/json`).
Porém se você especificou uma classe de retorno com o valor `None` como media type, o FastAPI utilizará `application/json` para qualquer retorno adicional que possui um modelo associado.
## Combinando informações
Você também pode combinar informações de diferentes lugares, incluindo os parâmetros `response_model`, `status_code`, e `responses`.
Você pode declarar um `response_model`, utilizando o código de status padrão `200` (ou um customizado caso você precise), e depois adicionar informações adicionais para esse mesmo retorno em `responses`, diretamente no esquema OpenAPI.
O **FastAPI** manterá as informações adicionais do `responses`, e combinará com o esquema JSON do seu modelo.
Por exemplo, você pode declarar um retorno com o código de status `404` que utiliza um modelo do Pydantic que possui um `description` customizado.
E um retorno com o código de status `200` que utiliza o seu `response_model`, porém inclui um `example` customizado:
```Python hl_lines="20-31"
{!../../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial003.py!}
```
Isso será combinado e incluído em seu OpenAPI, e disponibilizado na documentação da sua API:
<img src="/img/tutorial/additional-responses/image01.png">
## Combinar retornos predefinidos e personalizados
Você pode querer possuir alguns retornos predefinidos que são aplicados para diversas *operações de caminho*, porém você deseja combinar com retornos personalizados que são necessários para cada *operação de caminho*.
Para estes casos, você pode utilizar a técnica do Python de "desempacotamento" de um `dict` utilizando `**dict_to_unpack`:
```Python
old_dict = {
"old key": "old value",
"second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```
Aqui, o `new_dict` terá todos os pares de chave-valor do `old_dict` mais o novo par de chave-valor:
```Python
{
"old key": "old value",
"second old key": "second old value",
"new key": "new value",
}
```
Você pode utilizar essa técnica para reutilizar alguns retornos predefinidos nas suas *operações de caminho* e combiná-las com personalizações adicionais.
Por exemplo:
```Python hl_lines="13-17 26"
{!../../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial004.py!}
```
## Mais informações sobre retornos OpenAPI
Para verificar exatamente o que você pode incluir nos retornos, você pode conferir estas seções na especificação do OpenAPI:
* <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.1.0.md#responsesObject" class="external-link" target="_blank">Objeto de Retorno OpenAPI</a>, inclui o `Response Object`.
* <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.1.0.md#responseObject" class="external-link" target="_blank">Objeto de Retorno OpenAPI</a>, você pode incluir qualquer coisa dele diretamente em cada retorno dentro do seu parâmetro `responses`. Incluindo `description`, `headers`, `content` (dentro dele que você declara diferentes media types e esquemas JSON), e `links`.

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# Códigos de status adicionais
Por padrão, o **FastAPI** retornará as respostas utilizando o `JSONResponse`, adicionando o conteúdo do retorno da sua *operação de caminho* dentro do `JSONResponse`.
Ele usará o código de status padrão ou o que você definir na sua *operação de caminho*.
## Códigos de status adicionais
Caso você queira retornar códigos de status adicionais além do código principal, você pode fazer isso retornando um `Response` diretamente, como por exemplo um `JSONResponse`, e definir os códigos de status adicionais diretamente.
Por exemplo, vamos dizer que você deseja ter uma *operação de caminho* que permita atualizar itens, e retornar um código de status HTTP 200 "OK" quando for bem sucedido.
Mas você também deseja aceitar novos itens. E quando os itens não existiam, ele os cria, e retorna o código de status HTTP 201 "Created.
Para conseguir isso, importe `JSONResponse` e retorne o seu conteúdo diretamente, definindo o `status_code` que você deseja:
=== "Python 3.10+"
```Python hl_lines="4 25"
{!> ../../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="4 25"
{!> ../../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="4 26"
{!> ../../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.10+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip "Dica"
Faça uso da versão `Annotated` quando possível.
```Python hl_lines="2 23"
{!> ../../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip "Dica"
Faça uso da versão `Annotated` quando possível.
```Python hl_lines="4 25"
{!> ../../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001.py!}
```
!!! warning "Aviso"
Quando você retorna um `Response` diretamente, como no exemplo acima, ele será retornado diretamente.
Ele não será serializado com um modelo, etc.
Garanta que ele tenha toda informação que você deseja, e que os valores sejam um JSON válido (caso você esteja usando `JSONResponse`).
!!! note "Detalhes técnicos"
Você também pode utilizar `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.
O **FastAPI** disponibiliza o `starlette.responses` como `fastapi.responses` apenas por conveniência para você, o programador. Porém a maioria dos retornos disponíveis vem diretamente do Starlette. O mesmo com `status`.
## OpenAPI e documentação da API
Se você retorna códigos de status adicionais e retornos diretamente, eles não serão incluídos no esquema do OpenAPI (a documentação da API), porque o FastAPI não tem como saber de antemão o que será retornado.
Mas você pode documentar isso no seu código, utilizando: [Retornos Adicionais](additional-responses.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

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# Dependências avançadas
## Dependências parametrizadas
Todas as dependências que vimos até agora são funções ou classes fixas.
Mas podem ocorrer casos onde você deseja ser capaz de definir parâmetros na dependência, sem ter a necessidade de declarar diversas funções ou classes.
Vamos imaginar que queremos ter uma dependência que verifica se o parâmetro de consulta `q` possui um valor fixo.
Porém nós queremos poder parametrizar o conteúdo fixo.
## Uma instância "chamável"
Em Python existe uma maneira de fazer com que uma instância de uma classe seja um "chamável".
Não propriamente a classe (que já é um chamável), mas a instância desta classe.
Para fazer isso, nós declaramos o método `__call__`:
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="12"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip "Dica"
Prefira utilizar a versão `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="10"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
```
Neste caso, o `__call__` é o que o **FastAPI** utilizará para verificar parâmetros adicionais e sub dependências, e isso é o que será chamado para passar o valor ao parâmetro na sua *função de operação de rota* posteriormente.
## Parametrizar a instância
E agora, nós podemos utilizar o `__init__` para declarar os parâmetros da instância que podemos utilizar para "parametrizar" a dependência:
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="8"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip "Dica"
Prefira utilizar a versão `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
```
Neste caso, o **FastAPI** nunca tocará ou se importará com o `__init__`, nós vamos utilizar diretamente em nosso código.
## Crie uma instância
Nós poderíamos criar uma instância desta classe com:
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="18"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="17"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip "Dica"
Prefira utilizar a versão `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="16"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
```
E deste modo nós podemos "parametrizar" a nossa dependência, que agora possui `"bar"` dentro dele, como o atributo `checker.fixed_content`.
## Utilize a instância como dependência
Então, nós podemos utilizar este `checker` em um `Depends(checker)`, no lugar de `Depends(FixedContentQueryChecker)`, porque a dependência é a instância, `checker`, e não a própria classe.
E quando a dependência for resolvida, o **FastAPI** chamará este `checker` como:
```Python
checker(q="somequery")
```
...e passar o que quer que isso retorne como valor da dependência em nossa *função de operação de rota* como o parâmetro `fixed_content_included`:
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="22"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an_py39.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="21"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011_an.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! tip "Dica"
Prefira utilizar a versão `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="20"
{!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
```
!!! tip "Dica"
Tudo isso parece não ser natural. E pode não estar muito claro ou aparentar ser útil ainda.
Estes exemplos são intencionalmente simples, porém mostram como tudo funciona.
Nos capítulos sobre segurança, existem funções utilitárias que são implementadas desta maneira.
Se você entendeu tudo isso, você já sabe como essas funções utilitárias para segurança funcionam por debaixo dos panos.

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# Testes Assíncronos
Você já viu como testar as suas aplicações **FastAPI** utilizando o `TestClient` que é fornecido. Até agora, você viu apenas como escrever testes síncronos, sem utilizar funções `async`.
Ser capaz de utilizar funções assíncronas em seus testes pode ser útil, por exemplo, quando você está realizando uma consulta em seu banco de dados de maneira assíncrona. Imagine que você deseja testar realizando requisições para a sua aplicação FastAPI e depois verificar que a sua aplicação inseriu corretamente as informações no banco de dados, ao utilizar uma biblioteca assíncrona para banco de dados.
Vamos ver como nós podemos fazer isso funcionar.
## pytest.mark.anyio
Se quisermos chamar funções assíncronas em nossos testes, as nossas funções de teste precisam ser assíncronas. O AnyIO oferece um plugin bem legal para isso, que nos permite especificar que algumas das nossas funções de teste precisam ser chamadas de forma assíncrona.
## HTTPX
Mesmo que a sua aplicação **FastAPI** utilize funções normais com `def` no lugar de `async def`, ela ainda é uma aplicação `async` por baixo dos panos.
O `TestClient` faz algumas mágicas para invocar a aplicação FastAPI assíncrona em suas funções `def` normais, utilizando o pytest padrão. Porém a mágica não acontece mais quando nós estamos utilizando dentro de funções assíncronas. Ao executar os nossos testes de forma assíncrona, nós não podemos mais utilizar o `TestClient` dentro das nossas funções de teste.
O `TestClient` é baseado no <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, e felizmente nós podemos utilizá-lo diretamente para testar a API.
## Exemplo
Para um exemplos simples, vamos considerar uma estrutura de arquivos semelhante ao descrito em [Bigger Applications](../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank} e [Testing](../tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank}:
```
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main.py
│   └── test_main.py
```
O arquivo `main.py` teria:
```Python
{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/main.py!}
```
O arquivo `test_main.py` teria os testes para para o arquivo `main.py`, ele poderia ficar assim:
```Python
{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py!}
```
## Executá-lo
Você pode executar os seus testes normalmente via:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pytest
---> 100%
```
</div>
## Em Detalhes
O marcador `@pytest.mark.anyio` informa ao pytest que esta função de teste deve ser invocada de maneira assíncrona:
```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py!}
```
!!! tip "Dica"
Note que a função de teste é `async def` agora, no lugar de apenas `def` como quando estávamos utilizando o `TestClient` anteriormente.
Então podemos criar um `AsyncClient` com a aplicação, e enviar requisições assíncronas para ela utilizando `await`.
```Python hl_lines="9-10"
{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py!}
```
Isso é equivalente a:
```Python
response = client.get('/')
```
...que nós utilizamos para fazer as nossas requisições utilizando o `TestClient`.
!!! tip "Dica"
Note que nós estamos utilizando async/await com o novo `AsyncClient` - a requisição é assíncrona.
!!! warning "Aviso"
Se a sua aplicação depende dos eventos de vida útil (*lifespan*), o `AsyncClient` não acionará estes eventos. Para garantir que eles são acionados, utilize o `LifespanManager` do <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/asgi-lifespan#usage" class="external-link" target="_blank">florimondmanca/asgi-lifespan</a>.
## Outras Chamadas de Funções Assíncronas
Como a função de teste agora é assíncrona, você pode chamar (e `esperar`) outras funções `async` além de enviar requisições para a sua aplicação FastAPI em seus testes, exatamente como você as chamaria em qualquer outro lugar do seu código.
!!! tip "Dica"
Se você se deparar com um `RuntimeError: Task attached to a different loop` ao integrar funções assíncronas em seus testes (e.g. ao utilizar o <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41584243/runtimeerror-task-attached-to-a-different-loop" class="external-link" target="_blank">MotorClient do MongoDB</a>) Lembre-se de instanciar objetos que precisam de um loop de eventos (*event loop*) apenas em funções assíncronas, e.g. um *"callback"* `'@app.on_event("startup")`.

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# Benchmarks
Benchmarks independentes da TechEmpower mostram que aplicações **FastAPI** rodando com o Uvicorn como <a href="https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=test&runid=7464e520-0dc2-473d-bd34-dbdfd7e85911&hw=ph&test=query&l=zijzen-7" class="external-link" target="_blank">um dos frameworks Python mais rápidos disponíveis</a>, ficando atrás apenas do Starlette e Uvicorn (utilizado internamente pelo FastAPI).
Porém, ao verificar benchmarks e comparações você deve prestar atenção ao seguinte:
## Benchmarks e velocidade
Quando você verifica os benchmarks, é comum ver diversas ferramentas de diferentes tipos comparados como se fossem equivalentes.
Especificamente, para ver o Uvicorn, Starlette e FastAPI comparados entre si (entre diversas outras ferramentas).
Quanto mais simples o problema resolvido pela ferramenta, melhor será a performance. E a maioria das análises não testa funcionalidades adicionais que são oferecidas pela ferramenta.
A hierarquia é:
* **Uvicorn**: um servidor ASGI
* **Starlette**: (utiliza Uvicorn) um microframework web
* **FastAPI**: (utiliza Starlette) um microframework para APIs com diversas funcionalidades adicionais para a construção de APIs, com validação de dados, etc.
* **Uvicorn**:
* Terá a melhor performance, pois não possui muito código além do próprio servidor.
* Você não escreveria uma aplicação utilizando o Uvicorn diretamente. Isso significaria que o seu código teria que incluir pelo menos todo o código fornecido pelo Starlette (ou o **FastAPI**). E caso você fizesse isso, a sua aplicação final teria a mesma sobrecarga que teria se utilizasse um framework, minimizando o código e os bugs.
* Se você está comparando o Uvicorn, compare com os servidores de aplicação Daphne, Hypercorn, uWSGI, etc.
* **Starlette**:
* Terá o melhor desempenho, depois do Uvicorn. Na verdade, o Starlette utiliza o Uvicorn para rodar. Portanto, ele pode ficar mais "devagar" que o Uvicorn apenas por ter que executar mais código.
* Mas ele fornece as ferramentas para construir aplicações web simples, com roteamento baseado em caminhos, etc.
* Se você está comparando o Starlette, compare-o com o Sanic, Flask, Django, etc. Frameworks web (ou microframeworks).
* **FastAPI**:
* Da mesma forma que o Starlette utiliza o Uvicorn e não consegue ser mais rápido que ele, o **FastAPI** utiliza o Starlette, portanto, ele não consegue ser mais rápido que ele.
* O FastAPI provê mais funcionalidades em cima do Starlette. Funcionalidades que você quase sempre precisará quando estiver construindo APIs, como validação de dados e serialização. E ao utilizá-lo, você obtém documentação automática sem custo nenhum (a documentação automática sequer adiciona sobrecarga nas aplicações rodando, pois ela é gerada na inicialização).
* Caso você não utilize o FastAPI e faz uso do Starlette diretamente (ou outra ferramenta, como o Sanic, Flask, Responder, etc) você mesmo teria que implementar toda a validação de dados e serialização. Então, a sua aplicação final ainda teria a mesma sobrecarga caso estivesse usando o FastAPI. E em muitos casos, validação de dados e serialização é a maior parte do código escrito em aplicações.
* Então, ao utilizar o FastAPI, você está economizando tempo de programação, evitando bugs, linhas de código, e provavelmente terá a mesma performance (ou até melhor) do que teria caso você não o utilizasse (já que você teria que implementar tudo no seu código).
* Se você está comparando o FastAPI, compare-o com frameworks de aplicações web (ou conjunto de ferramentas) que oferecem validação de dados, serialização e documentação, como por exemplo o Flask-apispec, NestJS, Molten, etc. Frameworks que possuem validação integrada de dados, serialização e documentação.

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# Webhooks OpenAPI
Existem situações onde você deseja informar os **usuários** da sua API que a sua aplicação pode chamar a aplicação *deles* (enviando uma requisição) com alguns dados, normalmente para **notificar** algum tipo de **evento**.
Isso significa que no lugar do processo normal de seus usuários enviarem requisições para a sua API, é a **sua API** (ou sua aplicação) que poderia **enviar requisições para o sistema deles** (para a API deles, a aplicação deles).
Isso normalmente é chamado de **webhook**.
## Etapas dos Webhooks
Normalmente, o processo é que **você define** em seu código qual é a mensagem que você irá mandar, o **corpo da sua requisição**.
Você também define de alguma maneira em quais **momentos** a sua aplicação mandará essas requisições ou eventos.
E os **seus usuários** definem de alguma forma (em algum painel por exemplo) a **URL** que a sua aplicação deve enviar essas requisições.
Toda a **lógica** sobre como cadastrar as URLs para os webhooks e o código para enviar de fato as requisições cabe a você definir. Você escreve da maneira que você desejar no **seu próprio código**.
## Documentando webhooks com o FastAPI e OpenAPI
Com o **FastAPI**, utilizando o OpenAPI, você pode definir os nomes destes webhooks, os tipos das operações HTTP que a sua aplicação pode enviar (e.g. `POST`, `PUT`, etc.) e os **corpos** da requisição que a sua aplicação enviaria.
Isto pode facilitar bastante para os seus usuários **implementarem as APIs deles** para receber as requisições dos seus **webhooks**, eles podem inclusive ser capazes de gerar parte do código da API deles.
!!! info "Informação"
Webhooks estão disponíveis a partir do OpenAPI 3.1.0, e possui suporte do FastAPI a partir da versão `0.99.0`.
## Uma aplicação com webhooks
Quando você cria uma aplicação com o **FastAPI**, existe um atributo chamado `webhooks`, que você utilizar para defini-los da mesma maneira que você definiria as suas **operações de rotas**, utilizando por exemplo `@app.webhooks.post()`.
```Python hl_lines="9-13 36-53"
{!../../../docs_src/openapi_webhooks/tutorial001.py!}
```
Os webhooks que você define aparecerão no esquema do **OpenAPI** e na **página de documentação** gerada automaticamente.
!!! info "Informação"
O objeto `app.webhooks` é na verdade apenas um `APIRouter`, o mesmo tipo que você utilizaria ao estruturar a sua aplicação com diversos arquivos.
Note que utilizando webhooks você não está de fato declarando uma **rota** (como `/items/`), o texto que informa é apenas um **identificador** do webhook (o nome do evento), por exemplo em `@app.webhooks.post("new-subscription")`, o nome do webhook é `new-subscription`.
Isto porque espera-se que os **seus usuários** definam o verdadeiro **caminho da URL** onde eles desejam receber a requisição do webhook de algum outra maneira. (e.g. um painel).
### Confira a documentação
Agora você pode iniciar a sua aplicação e ir até <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
Você verá que a sua documentação possui as *operações de rota* normais e agora também possui alguns **webhooks**:
<img src="/img/tutorial/openapi-webhooks/image01.png">

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# Configurações e Variáveis de Ambiente
Em muitos casos a sua aplicação pode precisar de configurações externas, como chaves secretas, credenciais de banco de dados, credenciais para serviços de email, etc.
A maioria dessas configurações é variável (podem mudar), como URLs de bancos de dados. E muitas delas podem conter dados sensíveis, como tokens secretos.
Por isso é comum prover essas configurações como variáveis de ambiente que são utilizidas pela aplicação.
## Variáveis de Ambiente
!!! dica
Se você já sabe o que são variáveis de ambiente e como utilizá-las, sinta-se livre para avançar para o próximo tópico.
Uma <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variável_de_ambiente" class="external-link" target="_blank">variável de ambiente</a> (abreviada em inglês para "env var") é uma variável definida fora do código Python, no sistema operacional, e pode ser lida pelo seu código Python (ou por outros programas).
Você pode criar e utilizar variáveis de ambiente no terminal, sem precisar utilizar Python:
=== "Linux, macOS, Windows Bash"
<div class="termy">
```console
// Você pode criar uma env var MY_NAME usando
$ export MY_NAME="Wade Wilson"
// E utilizá-la em outros programas, como
$ echo "Hello $MY_NAME"
Hello Wade Wilson
```
</div>
=== "Windows PowerShell"
<div class="termy">
```console
// Criando env var MY_NAME
$ $Env:MY_NAME = "Wade Wilson"
// Usando em outros programas, como
$ echo "Hello $Env:MY_NAME"
Hello Wade Wilson
```
</div>
### Lendo variáveis de ambiente com Python
Você também pode criar variáveis de ambiente fora do Python, no terminal (ou com qualquer outro método), e realizar a leitura delas no Python.
Por exemplo, você pode definir um arquivo `main.py` com o seguinte código:
```Python hl_lines="3"
import os
name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```
!!! dica
O segundo parâmetro em <a href="https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv" class="external-link" target="_blank">`os.getenv()`</a> é o valor padrão para o retorno.
Se nenhum valor for informado, `None` é utilizado por padrão, aqui definimos `"World"` como o valor padrão a ser utilizado.
E depois você pode executar esse arquivo:
<div class="termy">
```console
// Aqui ainda não definimos a env var
$ python main.py
// Por isso obtemos o valor padrão
Hello World from Python
// Mas se definirmos uma variável de ambiente primeiro
$ export MY_NAME="Wade Wilson"
// E executarmos o programa novamente
$ python main.py
// Agora ele pode ler a variável de ambiente
Hello Wade Wilson from Python
```
</div>
Como variáveis de ambiente podem ser definidas fora do código da aplicação, mas acessadas pela aplicação, e não precisam ser armazenadas (versionadas com `git`) junto dos outros arquivos, é comum utilizá-las para guardar configurações.
Você também pode criar uma variável de ambiente específica para uma invocação de um programa, que é acessível somente para esse programa, e somente enquanto ele estiver executando.
Para fazer isso, crie a variável imediatamente antes de iniciar o programa, na mesma linha:
<div class="termy">
```console
// Criando uma env var MY_NAME na mesma linha da execução do programa
$ MY_NAME="Wade Wilson" python main.py
// Agora a aplicação consegue ler a variável de ambiente
Hello Wade Wilson from Python
// E a variável deixa de existir após isso
$ python main.py
Hello World from Python
```
</div>
!!! dica
Você pode ler mais sobre isso em: <a href="https://12factor.net/pt_br/config" class="external-link" target="_blank">The Twelve-Factor App: Configurações</a>.
### Tipagem e Validação
Essas variáveis de ambiente suportam apenas strings, por serem externas ao Python e por que precisam ser compatíveis com outros programas e o resto do sistema (e até mesmo com outros sistemas operacionais, como Linux, Windows e macOS).
Isso significa que qualquer valor obtido de uma variável de ambiente em Python terá o tipo `str`, e qualquer conversão para um tipo diferente ou validação deve ser realizada no código.
## Pydantic `Settings`
Por sorte, o Pydantic possui uma funcionalidade para lidar com essas configurações vindas de variáveis de ambiente utilizando <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/pydantic_settings/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic: Settings management</a>.
### Instalando `pydantic-settings`
Primeiro, instale o pacote `pydantic-settings`:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pip install pydantic-settings
---> 100%
```
</div>
Ele também está incluído no fastapi quando você instala com a opção `all`:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ pip install "fastapi[all]"
---> 100%
```
</div>
!!! info
Na v1 do Pydantic ele estava incluído no pacote principal. Agora ele está distribuido como um pacote independente para que você possa optar por instalar ou não caso você não precise dessa funcionalidade.
### Criando o objeto `Settings`
Importe a classe `BaseSettings` do Pydantic e crie uma nova subclasse, de forma parecida com um modelo do Pydantic.
Os atributos da classe são declarados com anotações de tipo, e possíveis valores padrão, da mesma maneira que os modelos do Pydantic.
Você pode utilizar todas as ferramentas e funcionalidades de validação que são utilizadas nos modelos do Pydantic, como tipos de dados diferentes e validações adicionei com `Field()`.
=== "Pydantic v2"
```Python hl_lines="2 5-8 11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/tutorial001.py!}
```
=== "Pydantic v1"
!!! Info
Na versão 1 do Pydantic você importaria `BaseSettings` diretamente do módulo `pydantic` em vez do módulo `pydantic_settings`.
```Python hl_lines="2 5-8 11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/tutorial001_pv1.py!}
```
!!! dica
Se você quiser algo pronto para copiar e colar na sua aplicação, não use esse exemplo, mas sim o exemplo abaixo.
Portanto, quando você cria uma instância da classe `Settings` (nesse caso, o objeto `settings`), o Pydantic lê as variáveis de ambiente sem diferenciar maiúsculas e minúsculas, por isso, uma variável maiúscula `APP_NAME` será usada para o atributo `app_name`.
Depois ele irá converter e validar os dados. Assim, quando você utilizar aquele objeto `settings`, os dados terão o tipo que você declarou (e.g. `items_per_user` será do tipo `int`).
### Usando o objeto `settings`
Depois, Você pode utilizar o novo objeto `settings` na sua aplicação:
```Python hl_lines="18-20"
{!../../../docs_src/settings/tutorial001.py!}
```
### Executando o servidor
No próximo passo, você pode inicializar o servidor passando as configurações em forma de variáveis de ambiente, por exemplo, você poderia definir `ADMIN_EMAIL` e `APP_NAME` da seguinte forma:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ ADMIN_EMAIL="[email protected]" APP_NAME="ChimichangApp" fastapi run main.py
<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```
</div>
!!! dica
Para definir múltiplas variáveis de ambiente para um único comando basta separá-las utilizando espaços, e incluir todas elas antes do comando.
Assim, o atributo `admin_email` seria definido como `"[email protected]"`.
`app_name` seria `"ChimichangApp"`.
E `items_per_user` manteria o valor padrão de `50`.
## Configurações em um módulo separado
Você também pode incluir essas configurações em um arquivo de um módulo separado como visto em [Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=\_blank}.
Por exemplo, você pode adicionar um arquivo `config.py` com:
```Python
{!../../../docs_src/settings/app01/config.py!}
```
E utilizar essa configuração em `main.py`:
```Python hl_lines="3 11-13"
{!../../../docs_src/settings/app01/main.py!}
```
!!! dica
Você também precisa incluir um arquivo `__init__.py` como visto em [Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=\_blank}.
## Configurações em uma dependência
Em certas ocasiões, pode ser útil fornecer essas configurações a partir de uma dependência, em vez de definir um objeto global `settings` que é utilizado em toda a aplicação.
Isso é especialmente útil durante os testes, já que é bastante simples sobrescrever uma dependência com suas configurações personalizadas.
### O arquivo de configuração
Baseando-se no exemplo anterior, seu arquivo `config.py` seria parecido com isso:
```Python hl_lines="10"
{!../../../docs_src/settings/app02/config.py!}
```
Perceba que dessa vez não criamos uma instância padrão `settings = Settings()`.
### O arquivo principal da aplicação
Agora criamos a dependência que retorna um novo objeto `config.Settings()`.
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="6 12-13"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02_an_py39/main.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="6 12-13"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02_an/main.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! dica
Utilize a versão com `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="5 11-12"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02/main.py!}
```
!!! dica
Vamos discutir sobre `@lru_cache` logo mais.
Por enquanto, você pode considerar `get_settings()` como uma função normal.
E então podemos declarar essas configurações como uma dependência na função de operação da rota e utilizar onde for necessário.
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="17 19-21"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02_an_py39/main.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="17 19-21"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02_an/main.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! dica
Utilize a versão com `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="16 18-20"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02/main.py!}
```
### Configurações e testes
Então seria muito fácil fornecer uma configuração diferente durante a execução dos testes sobrescrevendo a dependência de `get_settings`:
```Python hl_lines="9-10 13 21"
{!../../../docs_src/settings/app02/test_main.py!}
```
Na sobrescrita da dependência, definimos um novo valor para `admin_email` quando instanciamos um novo objeto `Settings`, e então retornamos esse novo objeto.
Após isso, podemos testar se o valor está sendo utilizado.
## Lendo um arquivo `.env`
Se você tiver muitas configurações que variem bastante, talvez em ambientes distintos, pode ser útil colocá-las em um arquivo e depois lê-las como se fossem variáveis de ambiente.
Essa prática é tão comum que possui um nome, essas variáveis de ambiente normalmente são colocadas em um arquivo `.env`, e esse arquivo é chamado de "dotenv".
!!! dica
Um arquivo iniciando com um ponto final (`.`) é um arquivo oculto em sistemas baseados em Unix, como Linux e MacOS.
Mas um arquivo dotenv não precisa ter esse nome exato.
Pydantic suporta a leitura desses tipos de arquivos utilizando uma biblioteca externa. Você pode ler mais em <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/pydantic_settings/#dotenv-env-support" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic Settings: Dotenv (.env) support</a>.
!!! dica
Para que isso funcione você precisa executar `pip install python-dotenv`.
### O arquivo `.env`
Você pode definir um arquivo `.env` com o seguinte conteúdo:
```bash
ADMIN_EMAIL="[email protected]"
APP_NAME="ChimichangApp"
```
### Obtendo configurações do `.env`
E então adicionar o seguinte código em `config.py`:
=== "Pydantic v2"
```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app03_an/config.py!}
```
!!! dica
O atributo `model_config` é usado apenas para configuração do Pydantic. Você pode ler mais em <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/model_config/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic Model Config</a>.
=== "Pydantic v1"
```Python hl_lines="9-10"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app03_an/config_pv1.py!}
```
!!! dica
A classe `Config` é usada apenas para configuração do Pydantic. Você pode ler mais em <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/1.10/usage/model_config/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic Model Config</a>.
!!! info
Na versão 1 do Pydantic a configuração é realizada por uma classe interna `Config`, na versão 2 do Pydantic isso é feito com o atributo `model_config`. Esse atributo recebe um `dict`, para utilizar o autocomplete e checagem de erros do seu editor de texto você pode importar e utilizar `SettingsConfigDict` para definir esse `dict`.
Aqui definimos a configuração `env_file` dentro da classe `Settings` do Pydantic, e definimos o valor como o nome do arquivo dotenv que queremos utilizar.
### Declarando `Settings` apenas uma vez com `lru_cache`
Ler o conteúdo de um arquivo em disco normalmente é uma operação custosa (lenta), então você provavelmente quer fazer isso apenas um vez e reutilizar o mesmo objeto settings depois, em vez de ler os valores a cada requisição.
Mas cada vez que fazemos:
```Python
Settings()
```
um novo objeto `Settings` é instanciado, e durante a instanciação, o arquivo `.env` é lido novamente.
Se a função da dependência fosse apenas:
```Python
def get_settings():
return Settings()
```
Iriamos criar um novo objeto a cada requisição, e estaríamos lendo o arquivo `.env` a cada requisição. ⚠️
Mas como estamos utilizando o decorador `@lru_cache` acima, o objeto `Settings` é criado apenas uma vez, na primeira vez que a função é chamada. ✔️
=== "Python 3.9+"
```Python hl_lines="1 11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app03_an_py39/main.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+"
```Python hl_lines="1 11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app03_an/main.py!}
```
=== "Python 3.8+ non-Annotated"
!!! dica
Utilize a versão com `Annotated` se possível.
```Python hl_lines="1 10"
{!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app03/main.py!}
```
Dessa forma, todas as chamadas da função `get_settings()` nas dependências das próximas requisições, em vez de executar o código interno de `get_settings()` e instanciar um novo objeto `Settings`, irão retornar o mesmo objeto que foi retornado na primeira chamada, de novo e de novo.
#### Detalhes Técnicos de `lru_cache`
`@lru_cache` modifica a função decorada para retornar o mesmo valor que foi retornado na primeira vez, em vez de calculá-lo novamente, executando o código da função toda vez.
Assim, a função abaixo do decorador é executada uma única vez para cada combinação dos argumentos passados. E os valores retornados para cada combinação de argumentos são sempre reutilizados para cada nova chamada da função com a mesma combinação de argumentos.
Por exemplo, se você definir uma função:
```Python
@lru_cache
def say_hi(name: str, salutation: str = "Ms."):
return f"Hello {salutation} {name}"
```
Seu programa poderia executar dessa forma:
```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
participant code as Código
participant function as say_hi()
participant execute as Executar Função
rect rgba(0, 255, 0, .1)
code ->> function: say_hi(name="Camila")
function ->> execute: executar código da função
execute ->> code: retornar o resultado
end
rect rgba(0, 255, 255, .1)
code ->> function: say_hi(name="Camila")
function ->> code: retornar resultado armazenado
end
rect rgba(0, 255, 0, .1)
code ->> function: say_hi(name="Rick")
function ->> execute: executar código da função
execute ->> code: retornar o resultado
end
rect rgba(0, 255, 0, .1)
code ->> function: say_hi(name="Rick", salutation="Mr.")
function ->> execute: executar código da função
execute ->> code: retornar o resultado
end
rect rgba(0, 255, 255, .1)
code ->> function: say_hi(name="Rick")
function ->> code: retornar resultado armazenado
end
rect rgba(0, 255, 255, .1)
code ->> function: say_hi(name="Camila")
function ->> code: retornar resultado armazenado
end
```
No caso da nossa dependência `get_settings()`, a função não recebe nenhum argumento, então ela sempre retorna o mesmo valor.
Dessa forma, ela se comporta praticamente como uma variável global, mas ao ser utilizada como uma função de uma dependência, pode facilmente ser sobrescrita durante os testes.
`@lru_cache` é definido no módulo `functools` que faz parte da biblioteca padrão do Python, você pode ler mais sobre esse decorador no link <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functools.html#functools.lru_cache" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python Docs sobre `@lru_cache`</a>.
## Recapitulando
Você pode usar o módulo Pydantic Settings para gerenciar as configurações de sua aplicação, utilizando todo o poder dos modelos Pydantic.
- Utilizar dependências simplifica os testes.
- Você pode utilizar arquivos .env junto das configurações do Pydantic.
- Utilizar o decorador `@lru_cache` evita que o arquivo .env seja lido de novo e de novo para cada requisição, enquanto permite que você sobrescreva durante os testes.

2
docs/pt/docs/deployment.md

@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ Você apenas precisa instalar um servidor ASGI compatível como:
=== "Hypercorn"
* <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, um servidor ASGI também compatível com HTTP/2.
* <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, um servidor ASGI também compatível com HTTP/2.
<div class="termy">

84
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@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
# FastAPI CLI
**FastAPI CLI** é uma interface por linha de comando do `fastapi` que você pode usar para rodar sua app FastAPI, gerenciar seu projeto FastAPI e mais.
Quando você instala o FastAPI (ex.: com `pip install fastapi`), isso inclui um pacote chamado `fastapi-cli`. Esse pacote disponibiliza o comando `fastapi` no terminal.
Para rodar seu app FastAPI em desenvolvimento, você pode usar o comando `fastapi dev`:
<div class="termy">
```console
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> dev <u style="text-decoration-style:single">main.py</u>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using path <font color="#3465A4">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Resolved absolute path <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/awesomeapp/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">main.py</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Searching for package file structure from directories with <font color="#3465A4">__init__.py</font> files
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing from <font color="#75507B">/home/user/code/</font><font color="#AD7FA8">awesomeapp</font>
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Python module file</b></font> ─╮
│ │
│ 🐍 main.py │
│ │
╰──────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Importing module <font color="#4E9A06">main</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Found importable FastAPI app
╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Importable FastAPI app</b></font> ─╮
│ │
<span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">from</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> main </font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#FF4689">import</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"><font color="#F8F8F2"> app</font></span><span style="background-color:#272822"> </span>
│ │
╰──────────────────────────╯
<font color="#3465A4">INFO </font> Using import string <font color="#8AE234"><b>main:app</b></font>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ Running in development mode, for production use: │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#555753"><b>fastapi run</b></font></span><span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436"></font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">│ │</font></span>
<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</font></span>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Will watch for changes in these directories: [&apos;/home/user/code/awesomeapp&apos;]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Uvicorn running on <b>http://127.0.0.1:8000</b> (Press CTRL+C to quit)
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started reloader process [<font color="#34E2E2"><b>2265862</b></font>] using <font color="#34E2E2"><b>WatchFiles</b></font>
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Started server process [<font color="#06989A">2265873</font>]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Waiting for application startup.
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>: Application startup complete.
```
</div>
Aquele commando por linha de programa chamado `fastapi` é o **FastAPI CLI**.
O FastAPI CLI recebe o caminho do seu programa Python, detecta automaticamente a variável com o FastAPI (comumente nomeada `app`) e como importá-la, e então a serve.
Para produção você usaria `fastapi run` no lugar. 🚀
Internamente, **FastAPI CLI** usa <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, um servidor ASGI de alta performance e pronto para produção. 😎
## `fastapi dev`
Quando você roda `fastapi dev`, isso vai executar em modo de desenvolvimento.
Por padrão, teremos o **recarregamento automático** ativo, então o programa irá recarregar o servidor automaticamente toda vez que você fizer mudanças no seu código. Isso usa muitos recursos e pode ser menos estável. Você deve apenas usá-lo em modo de desenvolvimento.
O servidor de desenvolvimento escutará no endereço de IP `127.0.0.1` por padrão, este é o IP que sua máquina usa para se comunicar com ela mesma (`localhost`).
## `fastapi run`
Quando você rodar `fastapi run`, isso executará em modo de produção por padrão.
Este modo terá **recarregamento automático desativado** por padrão.
Isso irá escutar no endereço de IP `0.0.0.0`, o que significa todos os endereços IP disponíveis, dessa forma o programa estará acessível publicamente para qualquer um que consiga se comunicar com a máquina. Isso é como você normalmente roda em produção em um contêiner, por exemplo.
Em muitos casos você pode ter (e deveria ter) um "proxy de saída" tratando HTTPS no topo, isso dependerá de como você fará o deploy da sua aplicação, seu provedor pode fazer isso pra você ou talvez seja necessário fazer você mesmo.
!!! tip
Você pode aprender mais sobre em [documentação de deployment](deployment/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

39
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@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
# Geral - Como Fazer - Receitas
Aqui estão vários links para outros locais na documentação, para perguntas gerais ou frequentes
## Filtro de dados- Segurança
Para assegurar que você não vai retornar mais dados do que deveria, leia a seção [Tutorial - Response Model - Return Type](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## Tags de Documentação - OpenAPI
Para adicionar tags às suas *rotas* e agrupá-las na UI da documentação, leia a seção [Tutorial - Path Operation Configurations - Tags](../tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md#tags){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## Resumo e Descrição da documentação - OpenAPI
Para adicionar um resumo e uma descrição às suas *rotas* e exibi-los na UI da documentação, leia a seção [Tutorial - Path Operation Configurations - Summary and Description](../tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md#summary-and-description){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## Documentação das Descrições de Resposta - OpenAPI
Para definir a descrição de uma resposta exibida na interface da documentação, leia a seção [Tutorial - Path Operation Configurations - Response description](../tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md#response-description){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## Documentação para Depreciar uma *Operação de Rota* - OpenAPI
Para depreciar uma *operação de rota* e exibi-la na interface da documentação, leia a seção [Tutorial - Path Operation Configurations - Deprecation](../tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md#deprecate-a-path-operation){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## Converter qualquer dado para JSON
Para converter qualquer dado para um formato compatível com JSON, leia a seção [Tutorial - JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## OpenAPI Metadata - Docs
Para adicionar metadados ao seu esquema OpenAPI, incluindo licensa, versão, contato, etc, leia a seção [Tutorial - Metadata and Docs URLs](../tutorial/metadata.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## OpenAPI com URL customizada
Para customizar a URL do OpenAPI (ou removê-la), leia a seção [Tutorial - Metadata and Docs URLs](../tutorial/metadata.md#openapi-url){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## URLs de documentação do OpenAPI
Para alterar as URLs usadas ​​para as interfaces de usuário da documentação gerada automaticamente, leia a seção [Tutorial - Metadata and Docs URLs](../tutorial/metadata.md#docs-urls){.internal-link target=_blank}.

11
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Como Fazer - Exemplos Práticos
Aqui você encontrará diferentes exemplos práticos ou tutoriais de "como fazer" para vários tópicos.
A maioria dessas ideias será mais ou menos **independente**, e na maioria dos casos você só precisará estudá-las se elas se aplicarem diretamente ao **seu projeto**.
Se algo parecer interessante e útil para o seu projeto, vá em frente e dê uma olhada. Caso contrário, você pode simplesmente ignorá-lo.
!!! tip
Se você deseja **aprender FastAPI** de forma estruturada (recomendado), leia capítulo por capítulo [Tutorial - Guia de Usuário](../tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} em vez disso.

8
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@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ hide:
---
FastAPI é um moderno e rápido (alta performance) _framework web_ para construção de APIs com Python 3.8 ou superior, baseado nos _type hints_ padrões do Python.
FastAPI é um moderno e rápido (alta performance) _framework web_ para construção de APIs com Python, baseado nos _type hints_ padrões do Python.
Os recursos chave são:
@ -109,8 +109,6 @@ Se você estiver construindo uma aplicação <abbr title="Command Line Interface
## Requisitos
Python 3.8+
FastAPI está nos ombros de gigantes:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> para as partes web.
@ -128,7 +126,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi
</div>
Você também precisará de um servidor ASGI para produção, tal como <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> ou <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
Você também precisará de um servidor ASGI para produção, tal como <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> ou <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
@ -325,7 +323,7 @@ Você faz com tipos padrão do Python moderno.
Você não terá que aprender uma nova sintaxe, métodos ou classes de uma biblioteca específica etc.
Apenas **Python 3.8+** padrão.
Apenas **Python** padrão.
Por exemplo, para um `int`:

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