Rapptz.discord.py/discord/audit_logs.py

"""
The MIT License (MIT)

Copyright (c) 2015-present Rapptz

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, ClassVar, Mapping, Generator, List, Optional, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union

from . import enums, flags, utils
from .asset import Asset
from .colour import Colour
from .invite import Invite
from .mixins import Hashable
from .object import Object
from .permissions import PermissionOverwrite, Permissions
from .automod import AutoModTrigger, AutoModRuleAction, AutoModRule
from .role import Role
from .emoji import Emoji
from .partial_emoji import PartialEmoji
from .member import Member
from .scheduled_event import ScheduledEvent
from .stage_instance import StageInstance
from .sticker import GuildSticker
from .threads import Thread
from .integrations import PartialIntegration
from .channel import ForumChannel, StageChannel, ForumTag

__all__ = (
    'AuditLogDiff',
    'AuditLogChanges',
    'AuditLogEntry',
)


if TYPE_CHECKING:
    import datetime

    from . import abc
    from .guild import Guild
    from .state import ConnectionState
    from .types.audit_log import (
        AuditLogChange as AuditLogChangePayload,
        AuditLogEntry as AuditLogEntryPayload,
        _AuditLogChange_TriggerMetadata as AuditLogChangeTriggerMetadataPayload,
    )
    from .types.channel import (
        PermissionOverwrite as PermissionOverwritePayload,
        ForumTag as ForumTagPayload,
        DefaultReaction as DefaultReactionPayload,
    )
    from .types.invite import Invite as InvitePayload
    from .types.role import Role as RolePayload
    from .types.snowflake import Snowflake
    from .types.command import ApplicationCommandPermissions
    from .types.automod import AutoModerationAction
    from .user import User
    from .app_commands import AppCommand
    from .webhook import Webhook

    TargetType = Union[
        Guild,
        abc.GuildChannel,
        Member,
        User,
        Role,
        Invite,
        Emoji,
        StageInstance,
        GuildSticker,
        Thread,
        Object,
        PartialIntegration,
        AutoModRule,
        ScheduledEvent,
        Webhook,
        AppCommand,
        None,
    ]


def _transform_timestamp(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[str]) -> Optional[datetime.datetime]:
    return utils.parse_time(data)


def _transform_color(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: int) -> Colour:
    return Colour(data)


def _transform_snowflake(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Snowflake) -> int:
    return int(data)


def _transform_channel(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[Snowflake]) -> Optional[Union[abc.GuildChannel, Object]]:
    if data is None:
        return None
    return entry.guild.get_channel(int(data)) or Object(id=data)


def _transform_channels_or_threads(
    entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[Snowflake]
) -> List[Union[abc.GuildChannel, Thread, Object]]:
    return [entry.guild.get_channel_or_thread(int(data)) or Object(id=data) for data in data]


def _transform_member_id(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[Snowflake]) -> Union[Member, User, None]:
    if data is None:
        return None
    return entry._get_member(int(data))


def _transform_guild_id(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[Snowflake]) -> Optional[Guild]:
    if data is None:
        return None
    return entry._state._get_guild(int(data))


def _transform_roles(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[Snowflake]) -> List[Union[Role, Object]]:
    return [entry.guild.get_role(int(role_id)) or Object(role_id, type=Role) for role_id in data]


def _transform_applied_forum_tags(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[Snowflake]) -> List[Union[ForumTag, Object]]:
    thread = entry.target
    if isinstance(thread, Thread) and isinstance(thread.parent, ForumChannel):
        return [thread.parent.get_tag(tag_id) or Object(id=tag_id, type=ForumTag) for tag_id in map(int, data)]
    return [Object(id=tag_id, type=ForumTag) for tag_id in data]


def _transform_overloaded_flags(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: int) -> Union[int, flags.ChannelFlags]:
    # The `flags` key is definitely overloaded. Right now it's for channels and threads but
    # I am aware of `member.flags` and `user.flags` existing. However, this does not impact audit logs
    # at the moment but better safe than sorry.
    channel_audit_log_types = (
        enums.AuditLogAction.channel_create,
        enums.AuditLogAction.channel_update,
        enums.AuditLogAction.channel_delete,
        enums.AuditLogAction.thread_create,
        enums.AuditLogAction.thread_update,
        enums.AuditLogAction.thread_delete,
    )

    if entry.action in channel_audit_log_types:
        return flags.ChannelFlags._from_value(data)
    return data


def _transform_forum_tags(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[ForumTagPayload]) -> List[ForumTag]:
    return [ForumTag.from_data(state=entry._state, data=d) for d in data]


def _transform_default_reaction(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: DefaultReactionPayload) -> Optional[PartialEmoji]:
    if data is None:
        return None

    emoji_name = data.get('emoji_name') or ''
    emoji_id = utils._get_as_snowflake(data, 'emoji_id') or None  # Coerce 0 -> None
    return PartialEmoji.with_state(state=entry._state, name=emoji_name, id=emoji_id)


def _transform_overwrites(
    entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[PermissionOverwritePayload]
) -> List[Tuple[Object, PermissionOverwrite]]:
    overwrites = []
    for elem in data:
        allow = Permissions(int(elem['allow']))
        deny = Permissions(int(elem['deny']))
        ow = PermissionOverwrite.from_pair(allow, deny)

        ow_type = elem['type']
        ow_id = int(elem['id'])
        target = None
        if ow_type == '0':
            target = entry.guild.get_role(ow_id)
        elif ow_type == '1':
            target = entry._get_member(ow_id)

        if target is None:
            target = Object(id=ow_id, type=Role if ow_type == '0' else Member)

        overwrites.append((target, ow))

    return overwrites


def _transform_icon(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Asset]:
    if data is None:
        return None
    if entry.action is enums.AuditLogAction.guild_update:
        return Asset._from_guild_icon(entry._state, entry.guild.id, data)
    else:
        return Asset._from_icon(entry._state, entry._target_id, data, path='role')  # type: ignore # target_id won't be None in this case


def _transform_avatar(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Asset]:
    if data is None:
        return None
    return Asset._from_avatar(entry._state, entry._target_id, data)  # type: ignore # target_id won't be None in this case


def _transform_cover_image(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Asset]:
    if data is None:
        return None
    return Asset._from_scheduled_event_cover_image(entry._state, entry._target_id, data)  # type: ignore # target_id won't be None in this case


def _guild_hash_transformer(path: str) -> Callable[[AuditLogEntry, Optional[str]], Optional[Asset]]:
    def _transform(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Optional[str]) -> Optional[Asset]:
        if data is None:
            return None
        return Asset._from_guild_image(entry._state, entry.guild.id, data, path=path)

    return _transform


def _transform_automod_actions(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[AutoModerationAction]) -> List[AutoModRuleAction]:
    return [AutoModRuleAction.from_data(action) for action in data]


def _transform_default_emoji(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: str) -> PartialEmoji:
    return PartialEmoji(name=data)


E = TypeVar('E', bound=enums.Enum)


def _enum_transformer(enum: Type[E]) -> Callable[[AuditLogEntry, int], E]:
    def _transform(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: int) -> E:
        return enums.try_enum(enum, data)

    return _transform


F = TypeVar('F', bound=flags.BaseFlags)


def _flag_transformer(cls: Type[F]) -> Callable[[AuditLogEntry, Union[int, str]], F]:
    def _transform(entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Union[int, str]) -> F:
        return cls._from_value(int(data))

    return _transform


def _transform_type(
    entry: AuditLogEntry, data: Union[int, str]
) -> Union[enums.ChannelType, enums.StickerType, enums.WebhookType, str]:
    if entry.action.name.startswith('sticker_'):
        return enums.try_enum(enums.StickerType, data)
    elif entry.action.name.startswith('integration_'):
        return data  # type: ignore  # integration type is str
    elif entry.action.name.startswith('webhook_'):
        return enums.try_enum(enums.WebhookType, data)
    else:
        return enums.try_enum(enums.ChannelType, data)


class AuditLogDiff:
    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self.__dict__)

    def __iter__(self) -> Generator[Tuple[str, Any], None, None]:
        yield from self.__dict__.items()

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        values = ' '.join('%s=%r' % item for item in self.__dict__.items())
        return f'<AuditLogDiff {values}>'

    if TYPE_CHECKING:

        def __getattr__(self, item: str) -> Any:
            ...

        def __setattr__(self, key: str, value: Any) -> Any:
            ...


Transformer = Callable[["AuditLogEntry", Any], Any]


class AuditLogChanges:
    # fmt: off
    TRANSFORMERS: ClassVar[Mapping[str, Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[Transformer]]]] = {
        'verification_level':                    (None, _enum_transformer(enums.VerificationLevel)),
        'explicit_content_filter':               (None, _enum_transformer(enums.ContentFilter)),
        'allow':                                 (None, _flag_transformer(Permissions)),
        'deny':                                  (None, _flag_transformer(Permissions)),
        'permissions':                           (None, _flag_transformer(Permissions)),
        'id':                                    (None, _transform_snowflake),
        'color':                                 ('colour', _transform_color),
        'owner_id':                              ('owner', _transform_member_id),
        'inviter_id':                            ('inviter', _transform_member_id),
        'channel_id':                            ('channel', _transform_channel),
        'afk_channel_id':                        ('afk_channel', _transform_channel),
        'system_channel_id':                     ('system_channel', _transform_channel),
        'system_channel_flags':                  (None, _flag_transformer(flags.SystemChannelFlags)),
        'widget_channel_id':                     ('widget_channel', _transform_channel),
        'rules_channel_id':                      ('rules_channel', _transform_channel),
        'public_updates_channel_id':             ('public_updates_channel', _transform_channel),
        'permission_overwrites':                 ('overwrites', _transform_overwrites),
        'splash_hash':                           ('splash', _guild_hash_transformer('splashes')),
        'banner_hash':                           ('banner', _guild_hash_transformer('banners')),
        'discovery_splash_hash':                 ('discovery_splash', _guild_hash_transformer('discovery-splashes')),
        'icon_hash':                             ('icon', _transform_icon),
        'avatar_hash':                           ('avatar', _transform_avatar),
        'rate_limit_per_user':                   ('slowmode_delay', None),
        'default_thread_rate_limit_per_user':    ('default_thread_slowmode_delay', None),
        'guild_id':                              ('guild', _transform_guild_id),
        'tags':                                  ('emoji', None),
        'default_message_notifications':         ('default_notifications', _enum_transformer(enums.NotificationLevel)),
        'video_quality_mode':                    (None, _enum_transformer(enums.VideoQualityMode)),
        'privacy_level':                         (None, _enum_transformer(enums.PrivacyLevel)),
        'format_type':                           (None, _enum_transformer(enums.StickerFormatType)),
        'type':                                  (None, _transform_type),
        'communication_disabled_until':          ('timed_out_until', _transform_timestamp),
        'expire_behavior':                       (None, _enum_transformer(enums.ExpireBehaviour)),
        'mfa_level':                             (None, _enum_transformer(enums.MFALevel)),
        'status':                                (None, _enum_transformer(enums.EventStatus)),
        'entity_type':                           (None, _enum_transformer(enums.EntityType)),
        'preferred_locale':                      (None, _enum_transformer(enums.Locale)),
        'image_hash':                            ('cover_image', _transform_cover_image),
        'trigger_type':                          (None, _enum_transformer(enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType)),
        'event_type':                            (None, _enum_transformer(enums.AutoModRuleEventType)),
        'actions':                               (None, _transform_automod_actions),
        'exempt_channels':                       (None, _transform_channels_or_threads),
        'exempt_roles':                          (None, _transform_roles),
        'applied_tags':                          (None, _transform_applied_forum_tags),
        'available_tags':                        (None, _transform_forum_tags),
        'flags':                                 (None, _transform_overloaded_flags),
        'default_reaction_emoji':                (None, _transform_default_reaction),
        'emoji_name':                            ('emoji', _transform_default_emoji),
        'user_id':                               ('user', _transform_member_id)
    }
    # fmt: on

    def __init__(self, entry: AuditLogEntry, data: List[AuditLogChangePayload]):
        self.before: AuditLogDiff = AuditLogDiff()
        self.after: AuditLogDiff = AuditLogDiff()
        # special case entire process since each
        # element in data is a different target
        # key is the target id
        if entry.action is enums.AuditLogAction.app_command_permission_update:
            self.before.app_command_permissions = []
            self.after.app_command_permissions = []

            for elem in data:
                self._handle_app_command_permissions(
                    self.before,
                    entry,
                    elem.get('old_value'),  # type: ignore # value will be an ApplicationCommandPermissions if present
                )

                self._handle_app_command_permissions(
                    self.after,
                    entry,
                    elem.get('new_value'),  # type: ignore # value will be an ApplicationCommandPermissions if present
                )
            return

        for elem in data:
            attr = elem['key']

            # special cases for role add/remove
            if attr == '$add':
                self._handle_role(self.before, self.after, entry, elem['new_value'])  # type: ignore # new_value is a list of roles in this case
                continue
            elif attr == '$remove':
                self._handle_role(self.after, self.before, entry, elem['new_value'])  # type: ignore # new_value is a list of roles in this case
                continue

            # special case for automod trigger
            if attr == 'trigger_metadata':
                # given full metadata dict
                self._handle_trigger_metadata(entry, elem, data)  # type: ignore  # should be trigger metadata
                continue
            elif entry.action is enums.AuditLogAction.automod_rule_update and attr.startswith('$'):
                # on update, some trigger attributes are keys and formatted as $(add/remove)_{attribute}
                action, _, trigger_attr = attr.partition('_')
                # new_value should be a list of added/removed strings for keyword_filter, regex_patterns, or allow_list
                if action == '$add':
                    self._handle_trigger_attr_update(self.before, self.after, entry, trigger_attr, elem['new_value'])  # type: ignore
                elif action == '$remove':
                    self._handle_trigger_attr_update(self.after, self.before, entry, trigger_attr, elem['new_value'])  # type: ignore
                continue

            try:
                key, transformer = self.TRANSFORMERS[attr]
            except (ValueError, KeyError):
                transformer = None
            else:
                if key:
                    attr = key

            transformer: Optional[Transformer]

            try:
                before = elem['old_value']
            except KeyError:
                before = None
            else:
                if transformer:
                    before = transformer(entry, before)

            setattr(self.before, attr, before)

            try:
                after = elem['new_value']
            except KeyError:
                after = None
            else:
                if transformer:
                    after = transformer(entry, after)

            setattr(self.after, attr, after)

        # add an alias
        if hasattr(self.after, 'colour'):
            self.after.color = self.after.colour
            self.before.color = self.before.colour
        if hasattr(self.after, 'expire_behavior'):
            self.after.expire_behaviour = self.after.expire_behavior
            self.before.expire_behaviour = self.before.expire_behavior

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f'<AuditLogChanges before={self.before!r} after={self.after!r}>'

    def _handle_role(self, first: AuditLogDiff, second: AuditLogDiff, entry: AuditLogEntry, elem: List[RolePayload]) -> None:
        if not hasattr(first, 'roles'):
            setattr(first, 'roles', [])

        data = []
        g: Guild = entry.guild

        for e in elem:
            role_id = int(e['id'])
            role = g.get_role(role_id)

            if role is None:
                role = Object(id=role_id, type=Role)
                role.name = e['name']  # type: ignore # Object doesn't usually have name

            data.append(role)

        setattr(second, 'roles', data)

    def _handle_app_command_permissions(
        self,
        diff: AuditLogDiff,
        entry: AuditLogEntry,
        data: Optional[ApplicationCommandPermissions],
    ):
        if data is None:
            return

        # avoid circular import
        from discord.app_commands import AppCommandPermissions

        state = entry._state
        guild = entry.guild
        diff.app_command_permissions.append(AppCommandPermissions(data=data, guild=guild, state=state))

    def _handle_trigger_metadata(
        self,
        entry: AuditLogEntry,
        data: AuditLogChangeTriggerMetadataPayload,
        full_data: List[AuditLogChangePayload],
    ):
        trigger_value: Optional[int] = None
        trigger_type: Optional[enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType] = None

        # try to get trigger type from before or after
        trigger_type = getattr(self.before, 'trigger_type', getattr(self.after, 'trigger_type', None))

        if trigger_type is None:
            if isinstance(entry.target, AutoModRule):
                # Trigger type cannot be changed, so it should be the same before and after updates.
                # Avoids checking which keys are in data to guess trigger type
                trigger_value = entry.target.trigger.type.value
        else:
            # found a trigger type from before or after
            trigger_value = trigger_type.value

        if trigger_value is None:
            # try to find trigger type in the full list of changes
            _elem = utils.find(lambda elem: elem['key'] == 'trigger_type', full_data)
            if _elem is not None:
                trigger_value = _elem.get('old_value', _elem.get('new_value'))  # type: ignore  # trigger type values should be int

            if trigger_value is None:
                # try to infer trigger_type from the keys in old or new value
                combined = (data.get('old_value') or {}).keys() | (data.get('new_value') or {}).keys()
                if not combined:
                    trigger_value = enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType.spam.value
                elif 'presets' in combined:
                    trigger_value = enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType.keyword_preset.value
                elif 'keyword_filter' in combined or 'regex_patterns' in combined:
                    trigger_value = enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType.keyword.value
                elif 'mention_total_limit' in combined or 'mention_raid_protection_enabled' in combined:
                    trigger_value = enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType.mention_spam.value
                else:
                    # some unknown type
                    trigger_value = -1

        self.before.trigger = AutoModTrigger.from_data(trigger_value, data.get('old_value'))
        self.after.trigger = AutoModTrigger.from_data(trigger_value, data.get('new_value'))

    def _handle_trigger_attr_update(
        self, first: AuditLogDiff, second: AuditLogDiff, entry: AuditLogEntry, attr: str, data: List[str]
    ):
        self._create_trigger(first, entry)
        trigger = self._create_trigger(second, entry)
        try:
            # guard unexpecte non list attributes or non iterable data
            getattr(trigger, attr).extend(data)
        except (AttributeError, TypeError):
            pass

    def _create_trigger(self, diff: AuditLogDiff, entry: AuditLogEntry) -> AutoModTrigger:
        # check if trigger has already been created
        if not hasattr(diff, 'trigger'):
            # create a trigger
            if isinstance(entry.target, AutoModRule):
                # get trigger type from the automod rule
                trigger_type = entry.target.trigger.type
            else:
                # unknown trigger type
                trigger_type = enums.try_enum(enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType, -1)

            diff.trigger = AutoModTrigger(type=trigger_type)
        return diff.trigger


class _AuditLogProxy:
    def __init__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
        for k, v in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, k, v)


class _AuditLogProxyMemberPrune(_AuditLogProxy):
    delete_member_days: int
    members_removed: int


class _AuditLogProxyMemberMoveOrMessageDelete(_AuditLogProxy):
    channel: Union[abc.GuildChannel, Thread]
    count: int


class _AuditLogProxyMemberDisconnect(_AuditLogProxy):
    count: int


class _AuditLogProxyPinAction(_AuditLogProxy):
    channel: Union[abc.GuildChannel, Thread]
    message_id: int


class _AuditLogProxyStageInstanceAction(_AuditLogProxy):
    channel: abc.GuildChannel


class _AuditLogProxyMessageBulkDelete(_AuditLogProxy):
    count: int


class _AuditLogProxyAutoModAction(_AuditLogProxy):
    automod_rule_name: str
    automod_rule_trigger_type: str
    channel: Optional[Union[abc.GuildChannel, Thread]]


class _AuditLogProxyMemberKickOrMemberRoleUpdate(_AuditLogProxy):
    integration_type: Optional[str]


class AuditLogEntry(Hashable):
    r"""Represents an Audit Log entry.

    You retrieve these via :meth:`Guild.audit_logs`.

    .. container:: operations

        .. describe:: x == y

            Checks if two entries are equal.

        .. describe:: x != y

            Checks if two entries are not equal.

        .. describe:: hash(x)

            Returns the entry's hash.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.7
        Audit log entries are now comparable and hashable.

    Attributes
    -----------
    action: :class:`AuditLogAction`
        The action that was done.
    user: Optional[:class:`abc.User`]
        The user who initiated this action. Usually a :class:`Member`\, unless gone
        then it's a :class:`User`.
    user_id: Optional[:class:`int`]
        The user ID who initiated this action.

        .. versionadded:: 2.2
    id: :class:`int`
        The entry ID.
    guild: :class:`Guild`
        The guild that this entry belongs to.
    target: Any
        The target that got changed. The exact type of this depends on
        the action being done.
    reason: Optional[:class:`str`]
        The reason this action was done.
    extra: Any
        Extra information that this entry has that might be useful.
        For most actions, this is ``None``. However in some cases it
        contains extra information. See :class:`AuditLogAction` for
        which actions have this field filled out.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        users: Mapping[int, User],
        integrations: Mapping[int, PartialIntegration],
        app_commands: Mapping[int, AppCommand],
        automod_rules: Mapping[int, AutoModRule],
        webhooks: Mapping[int, Webhook],
        data: AuditLogEntryPayload,
        guild: Guild,
    ):
        self._state: ConnectionState = guild._state
        self.guild: Guild = guild
        self._users: Mapping[int, User] = users
        self._integrations: Mapping[int, PartialIntegration] = integrations
        self._app_commands: Mapping[int, AppCommand] = app_commands
        self._automod_rules: Mapping[int, AutoModRule] = automod_rules
        self._webhooks: Mapping[int, Webhook] = webhooks
        self._from_data(data)

    def _from_data(self, data: AuditLogEntryPayload) -> None:
        self.action: enums.AuditLogAction = enums.try_enum(enums.AuditLogAction, data['action_type'])
        self.id: int = int(data['id'])

        # this key is technically not usually present
        self.reason: Optional[str] = data.get('reason')
        extra = data.get('options')

        # fmt: off
        self.extra: Union[
            _AuditLogProxyMemberPrune,
            _AuditLogProxyMemberMoveOrMessageDelete,
            _AuditLogProxyMemberDisconnect,
            _AuditLogProxyPinAction,
            _AuditLogProxyStageInstanceAction,
            _AuditLogProxyMessageBulkDelete,
            _AuditLogProxyAutoModAction,
            _AuditLogProxyMemberKickOrMemberRoleUpdate,
            Member, User, None, PartialIntegration,
            Role, Object
        ] = None
        # fmt: on

        if isinstance(self.action, enums.AuditLogAction) and extra:
            if self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.member_prune:
                # member prune has two keys with useful information
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyMemberPrune(
                    delete_member_days=int(extra['delete_member_days']),
                    members_removed=int(extra['members_removed']),
                )
            elif self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.member_move or self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.message_delete:
                channel_id = int(extra['channel_id'])
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyMemberMoveOrMessageDelete(
                    count=int(extra['count']),
                    channel=self.guild.get_channel_or_thread(channel_id) or Object(id=channel_id),
                )
            elif self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.member_disconnect:
                # The member disconnect action has a dict with some information
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyMemberDisconnect(count=int(extra['count']))
            elif self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.message_bulk_delete:
                # The bulk message delete action has the number of messages deleted
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyMessageBulkDelete(count=int(extra['count']))
            elif self.action in (enums.AuditLogAction.kick, enums.AuditLogAction.member_role_update):
                # The member kick action has a dict with some information
                integration_type = extra.get('integration_type')
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyMemberKickOrMemberRoleUpdate(integration_type=integration_type)
            elif self.action.name.endswith('pin'):
                # the pin actions have a dict with some information
                channel_id = int(extra['channel_id'])
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyPinAction(
                    channel=self.guild.get_channel_or_thread(channel_id) or Object(id=channel_id),
                    message_id=int(extra['message_id']),
                )
            elif (
                self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.automod_block_message
                or self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.automod_flag_message
                or self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.automod_timeout_member
            ):
                channel_id = utils._get_as_snowflake(extra, 'channel_id')
                channel = None

                # May be an empty string instead of None due to a Discord issue
                if channel_id:
                    channel = self.guild.get_channel_or_thread(channel_id) or Object(id=channel_id)

                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyAutoModAction(
                    automod_rule_name=extra['auto_moderation_rule_name'],
                    automod_rule_trigger_type=enums.try_enum(
                        enums.AutoModRuleTriggerType, extra['auto_moderation_rule_trigger_type']
                    ),
                    channel=channel,
                )

            elif self.action.name.startswith('overwrite_'):
                # the overwrite_ actions have a dict with some information
                instance_id = int(extra['id'])
                the_type = extra.get('type')
                if the_type == '1':
                    self.extra = self._get_member(instance_id)
                elif the_type == '0':
                    role = self.guild.get_role(instance_id)
                    if role is None:
                        role = Object(id=instance_id, type=Role)
                        role.name = extra.get('role_name')  # type: ignore # Object doesn't usually have name
                    self.extra = role
            elif self.action.name.startswith('stage_instance'):
                channel_id = int(extra['channel_id'])
                self.extra = _AuditLogProxyStageInstanceAction(
                    channel=self.guild.get_channel(channel_id) or Object(id=channel_id, type=StageChannel)
                )
            elif self.action.name.startswith('app_command'):
                app_id = int(extra['application_id'])
                self.extra = self._get_integration_by_app_id(app_id) or Object(app_id, type=PartialIntegration)

        # this key is not present when the above is present, typically.
        # It's a list of { new_value: a, old_value: b, key: c }
        # where new_value and old_value are not guaranteed to be there depending
        # on the action type, so let's just fetch it for now and only turn it
        # into meaningful data when requested
        self._changes = data.get('changes', [])

        self.user_id: Optional[int] = utils._get_as_snowflake(data, 'user_id')
        self.user: Optional[Union[User, Member]] = self._get_member(self.user_id)
        self._target_id = utils._get_as_snowflake(data, 'target_id')

    def _get_member(self, user_id: Optional[int]) -> Union[Member, User, None]:
        if user_id is None:
            return None

        return self.guild.get_member(user_id) or self._users.get(user_id)

    def _get_integration(self, integration_id: Optional[int]) -> Optional[PartialIntegration]:
        if integration_id is None:
            return None

        return self._integrations.get(integration_id)

    def _get_integration_by_app_id(self, application_id: Optional[int]) -> Optional[PartialIntegration]:
        if application_id is None:
            return None

        # get PartialIntegration by application id
        return utils.get(self._integrations.values(), application_id=application_id)

    def _get_app_command(self, app_command_id: Optional[int]) -> Optional[AppCommand]:
        if app_command_id is None:
            return None

        return self._app_commands.get(app_command_id)

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f'<AuditLogEntry id={self.id} action={self.action} user={self.user!r}>'

    @utils.cached_property
    def created_at(self) -> datetime.datetime:
        """:class:`datetime.datetime`: Returns the entry's creation time in UTC."""
        return utils.snowflake_time(self.id)

    @utils.cached_property
    def target(self) -> TargetType:
        if self.action.target_type is None:
            return None

        try:
            converter = getattr(self, '_convert_target_' + self.action.target_type)
        except AttributeError:
            if self._target_id is None:
                return None
            return Object(id=self._target_id)
        else:
            return converter(self._target_id)

    @utils.cached_property
    def category(self) -> Optional[enums.AuditLogActionCategory]:
        """Optional[:class:`AuditLogActionCategory`]: The category of the action, if applicable."""
        return self.action.category

    @utils.cached_property
    def changes(self) -> AuditLogChanges:
        """:class:`AuditLogChanges`: The list of changes this entry has."""
        obj = AuditLogChanges(self, self._changes)
        del self._changes
        return obj

    @utils.cached_property
    def before(self) -> AuditLogDiff:
        """:class:`AuditLogDiff`: The target's prior state."""
        return self.changes.before

    @utils.cached_property
    def after(self) -> AuditLogDiff:
        """:class:`AuditLogDiff`: The target's subsequent state."""
        return self.changes.after

    def _convert_target_guild(self, target_id: int) -> Guild:
        return self.guild

    def _convert_target_channel(self, target_id: int) -> Union[abc.GuildChannel, Object]:
        return self.guild.get_channel(target_id) or Object(id=target_id)

    def _convert_target_user(self, target_id: Optional[int]) -> Optional[Union[Member, User, Object]]:
        # For some reason the member_disconnect and member_move action types
        # do not have a non-null target_id so safeguard against that
        if target_id is None:
            return None

        return self._get_member(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=Member)

    def _convert_target_role(self, target_id: int) -> Union[Role, Object]:
        return self.guild.get_role(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=Role)

    def _convert_target_invite(self, target_id: None) -> Invite:
        # invites have target_id set to null
        # so figure out which change has the full invite data
        changeset = self.before if self.action is enums.AuditLogAction.invite_delete else self.after

        fake_payload: InvitePayload = {
            'max_age': changeset.max_age,
            'max_uses': changeset.max_uses,
            'code': changeset.code,
            'temporary': changeset.temporary,
            'uses': changeset.uses,
            'channel': None,  # type: ignore # the channel is passed to the Invite constructor directly
        }

        obj = Invite(state=self._state, data=fake_payload, guild=self.guild, channel=changeset.channel)
        try:
            obj.inviter = changeset.inviter
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        return obj

    def _convert_target_emoji(self, target_id: int) -> Union[Emoji, Object]:
        return self._state.get_emoji(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=Emoji)

    def _convert_target_message(self, target_id: Optional[int]) -> Optional[Union[Member, User, Object]]:
        # The message_pin and message_unpin action types do not have a
        # non-null target_id so safeguard against that

        if target_id is None:
            return None

        return self._get_member(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=Member)

    def _convert_target_stage_instance(self, target_id: int) -> Union[StageInstance, Object]:
        return self.guild.get_stage_instance(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=StageInstance)

    def _convert_target_sticker(self, target_id: int) -> Union[GuildSticker, Object]:
        return self._state.get_sticker(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=GuildSticker)

    def _convert_target_thread(self, target_id: int) -> Union[Thread, Object]:
        return self.guild.get_thread(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=Thread)

    def _convert_target_guild_scheduled_event(self, target_id: int) -> Union[ScheduledEvent, Object]:
        return self.guild.get_scheduled_event(target_id) or Object(id=target_id, type=ScheduledEvent)

    def _convert_target_integration(self, target_id: int) -> Union[PartialIntegration, Object]:
        return self._get_integration(target_id) or Object(target_id, type=PartialIntegration)

    def _convert_target_app_command(self, target_id: int) -> Union[AppCommand, Object]:
        target = self._get_app_command(target_id)
        if not target:
            # circular import
            from .app_commands import AppCommand

            target = Object(target_id, type=AppCommand)

        return target

    def _convert_target_integration_or_app_command(self, target_id: int) -> Union[PartialIntegration, AppCommand, Object]:
        target = self._get_integration_by_app_id(target_id) or self._get_app_command(target_id)
        if not target:
            try:
                # circular import
                from .app_commands import AppCommand

                # get application id from extras
                # if it matches target id, type should be integration
                target_app = self.extra
                # extra should be an Object or PartialIntegration
                app_id = target_app.application_id if isinstance(target_app, PartialIntegration) else target_app.id  # type: ignore
                type = PartialIntegration if target_id == app_id else AppCommand
            except AttributeError:
                return Object(target_id)
            else:
                return Object(target_id, type=type)

        return target

    def _convert_target_auto_moderation(self, target_id: int) -> Union[AutoModRule, Object]:
        return self._automod_rules.get(target_id) or Object(target_id, type=AutoModRule)

    def _convert_target_webhook(self, target_id: int) -> Union[Webhook, Object]:
        # circular import
        from .webhook import Webhook

        return self._webhooks.get(target_id) or Object(target_id, type=Webhook)