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Merge ee4f7ac6ae into 2f1f5fe2e2

imp 4 days ago
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  1. 449
      discord/http.py

449
discord/http.py
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@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
import asyncio import asyncio
import logging import logging
import time
import sys import sys
from typing import ( from typing import (
Any, Any,
@ -46,7 +47,6 @@ from typing import (
Union, Union,
) )
from urllib.parse import quote as _uriquote from urllib.parse import quote as _uriquote
from collections import deque
import datetime import datetime
import aiohttp import aiohttp
@ -343,165 +343,181 @@ class Route:
str(k) for k in (self.channel_id, self.guild_id, self.webhook_id, self.webhook_token) if k is not None str(k) for k in (self.channel_id, self.guild_id, self.webhook_id, self.webhook_token) if k is not None
) )
class Ratelimit: class Ratelimit:
"""Represents a Discord rate limit. """Represents a Discord rate limit.
This is similar to a semaphore except tailored to Discord's rate limits. This is aware of This is similar to a semaphore except tailored to Discord's rate limits. This is aware of
the expiry of a token window, along with the number of tokens available. The goal of this the expiry of a token window, along with the number of tokens available. The goal of this
design is to increase throughput of requests being sent concurrently rather than forcing design is to increase throughput of requests being sent concurrently by forcing everything
everything into a single lock queue per route. into a single lock queue per route.
""" """
__slots__ = ( __slots__ = (
'key',
'limit', 'limit',
'remaining', 'remaining',
'reset_at',
'pending',
'outgoing', 'outgoing',
'reset_after', 'one_shot',
'expires', 'http',
'dirty',
'_last_request', '_last_request',
'_max_ratelimit_timeout', '_lock',
'_loop', '_event',
'_pending_requests',
'_sleeping',
) )
def __init__(self, max_ratelimit_timeout: Optional[float]) -> None: def __init__(self, http: HTTPClient, key: str) -> None:
self.key = key
self.limit: int = 1 self.limit: int = 1
self.remaining: int = self.limit self.remaining: int = self.limit
self.reset_at: float = 0.0
self.pending: int = 0
self.outgoing: int = 0 self.outgoing: int = 0
self.reset_after: float = 0.0 self.one_shot: bool = False
self.expires: Optional[float] = None self.http: HTTPClient = http
self.dirty: bool = False self._last_request: float = 0.0
self._max_ratelimit_timeout: Optional[float] = max_ratelimit_timeout self._lock: asyncio.Lock = asyncio.Lock()
self._loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop = asyncio.get_running_loop() self._event: asyncio.Event = asyncio.Event()
self._pending_requests: deque[asyncio.Future[Any]] = deque()
# Only a single rate limit object should be sleeping at a time.
# The object that is sleeping is ultimately responsible for freeing the semaphore
# for the requests currently pending.
self._sleeping: asyncio.Lock = asyncio.Lock()
self._last_request: float = self._loop.time()
def __repr__(self) -> str: def __repr__(self) -> str:
return ( return (
f'<RateLimitBucket limit={self.limit} remaining={self.remaining} pending_requests={len(self._pending_requests)}>' f'<RateLimitBucket limit={self.limit} remaining={self.remaining} pending={self.pending}>'
) )
def reset(self): def no_headers(self) -> None:
self.one_shot = True
self._event.set()
self._event.clear()
def reset(self) -> None:
self.remaining = self.limit - self.outgoing self.remaining = self.limit - self.outgoing
self.expires = None self.reset_at = 0.0
self.reset_after = 0.0
self.dirty = False
def update(self, response: aiohttp.ClientResponse, *, use_clock: bool = False) -> None: def update(self, response: aiohttp.ClientResponse) -> bool:
headers = response.headers
self.limit = int(headers.get('X-Ratelimit-Limit', 1))
if self.dirty: # Shared scope 429 has longer "reset_at", determined using the retry-after field
self.remaining = min(int(headers.get('X-Ratelimit-Remaining', 0)), self.limit - self.outgoing) limit = int(response.headers['X-Ratelimit-Limit'])
if response.headers.get('X-RateLimit-Scope') == 'shared':
reset_at = self.http.loop.time() + float(response.headers['Retry-After'])
remaining = 0
else: else:
self.remaining = int(headers.get('X-Ratelimit-Remaining', 0))
self.dirty = True # Consider a lower remaining value because updates can be out of order, so self.outgoing is used
reset_at = self.http.loop.time() + (float(response.headers['X-Ratelimit-Reset']) - time.time())
reset_after = headers.get('X-Ratelimit-Reset-After') remaining = min(int(response.headers['X-Ratelimit-Remaining']), limit - self.outgoing)
if use_clock or not reset_after:
utc = datetime.timezone.utc # The checks below combats out-of-order responses and alternating sub ratelimits.
now = datetime.datetime.now(utc) # As a result, there will be lower throughput for routes with subratelimits.
reset = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(float(headers['X-Ratelimit-Reset']), utc) # Unless we document and maintain the undocumented and unstable subratelimits ourselves.
self.reset_after = (reset - now).total_seconds()
# 1. Completely ignore if the ratelimit window has expired; that data is useless
if self.http.loop.time() >= reset_at:
return False
# 2. Always use the longest reset_at value
update = False
if reset_at > self.reset_at:
self.reset_at = reset_at
update = True
# 3. Always use the lowest remaining value
if remaining < self.remaining:
self.remaining = remaining
update = True
self.limit = limit
self.one_shot = False
# Return whether this update was relevant or not.
return update
def is_inactive(self) -> bool:
delta = self.http.loop.time() - self._last_request
return delta >= 300 and (self.one_shot or (self.outgoing == 0 and self.pending == 0))
async def _wait_global(self, start_time: float):
# Sleep up to 3 times, to account for global reset at overwriting during sleeps
for i in range(3):
seconds = self.http.global_reset_at - start_time
if seconds > 0:
await asyncio.sleep(seconds)
continue
break
else: else:
self.reset_after = float(reset_after) raise ValueError("Global reset at changed more than 3 times")
self.expires = self._loop.time() + self.reset_after
def _wake_next(self) -> None:
while self._pending_requests:
future = self._pending_requests.popleft()
if not future.done():
future.set_result(None)
break
def _wake(self, count: int = 1, *, exception: Optional[RateLimited] = None) -> None:
awaken = 0
while self._pending_requests:
future = self._pending_requests.popleft()
if not future.done():
if exception:
future.set_exception(exception)
else:
future.set_result(None)
awaken += 1
if awaken >= count: async def _wait(self):
break
async def _refresh(self) -> None: # Consider waiting if none is remaining
error = self._max_ratelimit_timeout and self.reset_after > self._max_ratelimit_timeout if not self.remaining:
exception = RateLimited(self.reset_after) if error else None
async with self._sleeping:
if not error:
await asyncio.sleep(self.reset_after)
self.reset() # If reset_at is not set yet, wait for the last request, if outgoing, to finish first
self._wake(self.remaining, exception=exception) # for up to 3 seconds instead of using aiohttp's default 5 min timeout.
if not self.reset_at and (not self._last_request or self.http.loop.time() - self._last_request < 3):
try:
await asyncio.wait_for(self._event.wait(), 3)
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
fmt = 'Initial request for rate limit bucket (%s) never finished. Skipping.'
_log.warning(fmt, self.key)
pass
# If none are still remaining then start sleeping
if not self.remaining and not self.one_shot:
# Sleep up to 3 times, giving room for a bucket update and a bucket change
# or 2 sub-ratelimit bucket changes, prioritizing is handled in update()
for i in range(3):
seconds = self.reset_at - self.http.loop.time()
copy = self.reset_at
if seconds > 0:
if i:
fmt = 'A rate limit bucket (%s) has changed reset_at during sleep. Sleeping again for %.2f seconds.'
else:
fmt = 'A rate limit bucket (%s) has been exhausted. Sleeping for %.2f seconds.'
_log.warning(fmt, self.key, seconds)
await asyncio.sleep(seconds)
if copy == self.reset_at:
self.reset()
elif not self.remaining and not self.one_shot:
continue # sleep again
break
else:
raise ValueError("Reset at changed more than 3 times")
async def acquire(self):
start_time: float = self.http.loop.time()
# Resources confirmed to be "one shots" after the first request like interaction response
# don't have ratelimits and can skip the entire queue logic except global wait
if self.one_shot:
await self._wait_global(start_time)
else:
def is_expired(self) -> bool: # Ensure only 1 request goes through the inner acquire logic at a time
return self.expires is not None and self._loop.time() > self.expires self.pending += 1
async with self._lock:
await self._wait()
await self._wait_global(start_time)
self.remaining -= 1 # one shot changing this doesn't matter
self.pending -= 1
self.outgoing += 1
def is_inactive(self) -> bool: self._last_request = self.http.loop.time()
delta = self._loop.time() - self._last_request return self
return delta >= 300 and self.outgoing == 0 and len(self._pending_requests) == 0
async def release(self):
async def acquire(self) -> None: if not self.one_shot:
self._last_request = self._loop.time() self.outgoing -= 1
if self.is_expired(): self._event.set()
self.reset() self._event.clear()
if self._max_ratelimit_timeout is not None and self.expires is not None:
# Check if we can pre-emptively block this request for having too large of a timeout
current_reset_after = self.expires - self._loop.time()
if current_reset_after > self._max_ratelimit_timeout:
raise RateLimited(current_reset_after)
while self.remaining <= 0:
future = self._loop.create_future()
self._pending_requests.append(future)
try:
while not future.done():
# 30 matches the smallest allowed max_ratelimit_timeout
max_wait_time = self.expires - self._loop.time() if self.expires else 30
await asyncio.wait([future], timeout=max_wait_time)
if not future.done():
await self._refresh()
except:
future.cancel()
if self.remaining > 0 and not future.cancelled():
self._wake_next()
raise
self.remaining -= 1
self.outgoing += 1
async def __aenter__(self) -> Self: async def __aenter__(self) -> Self:
await self.acquire() await self.acquire()
return self return self
async def __aexit__(self, type: Type[BE], value: BE, traceback: TracebackType) -> None: async def __aexit__(self, type: Type[BE], value: BE, traceback: TracebackType) -> None:
self.outgoing -= 1 await self.release()
tokens = self.remaining - self.outgoing
# Check whether the rate limit needs to be pre-emptively slept on
# Note that this is a Lock to prevent multiple rate limit objects from sleeping at once
if not self._sleeping.locked():
if tokens <= 0:
await self._refresh()
elif self._pending_requests:
exception = (
RateLimited(self.reset_after)
if self._max_ratelimit_timeout and self.reset_after > self._max_ratelimit_timeout
else None
)
self._wake(tokens, exception=exception)
# For some reason, the Discord voice websocket expects this header to be # For some reason, the Discord voice websocket expects this header to be
@ -535,7 +551,7 @@ class HTTPClient:
# one shot requests that don't have a bucket hash # one shot requests that don't have a bucket hash
# When this reaches 256 elements, it will try to evict based off of expiry # When this reaches 256 elements, it will try to evict based off of expiry
self._buckets: Dict[str, Ratelimit] = {} self._buckets: Dict[str, Ratelimit] = {}
self._global_over: asyncio.Event = MISSING self.global_reset_at: float = 0.0
self.token: Optional[str] = None self.token: Optional[str] = None
self.proxy: Optional[str] = proxy self.proxy: Optional[str] = proxy
self.proxy_auth: Optional[aiohttp.BasicAuth] = proxy_auth self.proxy_auth: Optional[aiohttp.BasicAuth] = proxy_auth
@ -577,7 +593,7 @@ class HTTPClient:
try: try:
value = self._buckets[key] value = self._buckets[key]
except KeyError: except KeyError:
self._buckets[key] = value = Ratelimit(self.max_ratelimit_timeout) self._buckets[key] = value = Ratelimit(self, key)
self._try_clear_expired_ratelimits() self._try_clear_expired_ratelimits()
return value return value
@ -631,14 +647,11 @@ class HTTPClient:
if self.proxy_auth is not None: if self.proxy_auth is not None:
kwargs['proxy_auth'] = self.proxy_auth kwargs['proxy_auth'] = self.proxy_auth
if not self._global_over.is_set():
# wait until the global lock is complete
await self._global_over.wait()
response: Optional[aiohttp.ClientResponse] = None response: Optional[aiohttp.ClientResponse] = None
data: Optional[Union[Dict[str, Any], str]] = None data: Optional[Union[Dict[str, Any], str]] = None
async with ratelimit:
for tries in range(5): for tries in range(5):
async with ratelimit:
if files: if files:
for f in files: for f in files:
f.reset(seek=tries) f.reset(seek=tries)
@ -654,116 +667,78 @@ class HTTPClient:
async with self.__session.request(method, url, **kwargs) as response: async with self.__session.request(method, url, **kwargs) as response:
_log.debug('%s %s with %s has returned %s', method, url, kwargs.get('data'), response.status) _log.debug('%s %s with %s has returned %s', method, url, kwargs.get('data'), response.status)
# even errors have text involved in them so this is safe to call # Endpoint has ratelimit headers
new_bucket_hash = response.headers.get('X-Ratelimit-Bucket')
if new_bucket_hash:
# Ratelimit headers are up to date and relevant
if ratelimit.update(response):
# Adjust key if the bucket has changed. Either encountered a sub-ratelimit
# or Discord just wants to change ratelimit values for an update probably.
if new_bucket_hash != bucket_hash:
if bucket_hash is not None:
fmt = 'A route (%s) has changed hashes: %s -> %s.'
_log.debug(fmt, route_key, bucket_hash, new_bucket_hash)
self._buckets.pop(key, None)
elif route_key not in self._bucket_hashes:
fmt = '%s has found its initial rate limit bucket hash (%s).'
_log.debug(fmt, route_key, new_bucket_hash)
self._bucket_hashes[route_key] = new_bucket_hash
ratelimit.key = new_bucket_hash + route.major_parameters
self._buckets[ratelimit.key] = ratelimit
# Global rate limit 429 wont have ratelimit headers (also can't tell if it's one-shot)
elif response.headers.get('X-RateLimit-Global'):
retry_after: float = float(response.headers['Retry-After'])
_log.warning('Global rate limit has been hit. Retrying in %.2f seconds.', retry_after)
self.global_reset_at = self.loop.time() + retry_after
# Endpoint does not have ratelimit headers; it's one-shot.
elif not ratelimit.one_shot:
ratelimit.no_headers()
# Errors have text involved in them so this is safe to call
data = await json_or_text(response) data = await json_or_text(response)
# Update and use rate limit information if the bucket header is present # The request was successful so just return the text/json
discord_hash = response.headers.get('X-Ratelimit-Bucket')
# I am unsure if X-Ratelimit-Bucket is always available
# However, X-Ratelimit-Remaining has been a consistent cornerstone that worked
has_ratelimit_headers = 'X-Ratelimit-Remaining' in response.headers
if discord_hash is not None:
# If the hash Discord has provided is somehow different from our current hash something changed
if bucket_hash != discord_hash:
if bucket_hash is not None:
# If the previous hash was an actual Discord hash then this means the
# hash has changed sporadically.
# This can be due to two reasons
# 1. It's a sub-ratelimit which is hard to handle
# 2. The rate limit information genuinely changed
# There is no good way to discern these, Discord doesn't provide a way to do so.
# At best, there will be some form of logging to help catch it.
# Alternating sub-ratelimits means that the requests oscillate between
# different underlying rate limits -- this can lead to unexpected 429s
# It is unavoidable.
fmt = 'A route (%s) has changed hashes: %s -> %s.'
_log.debug(fmt, route_key, bucket_hash, discord_hash)
self._bucket_hashes[route_key] = discord_hash
self._buckets[f'{discord_hash}:{route.major_parameters}'] = ratelimit
self._buckets.pop(key, None)
elif route_key not in self._bucket_hashes:
fmt = '%s has found its initial rate limit bucket hash (%s).'
_log.debug(fmt, route_key, discord_hash)
self._bucket_hashes[route_key] = discord_hash
self._buckets[f'{discord_hash}:{route.major_parameters}'] = ratelimit
if has_ratelimit_headers:
if response.status != 429:
ratelimit.update(response, use_clock=self.use_clock)
if ratelimit.remaining == 0:
_log.debug(
'A rate limit bucket (%s) has been exhausted. Pre-emptively rate limiting...',
discord_hash or route_key,
)
# the request was successful so just return the text/json
if 300 > response.status >= 200: if 300 > response.status >= 200:
_log.debug('%s %s has received %s', method, url, data) _log.debug('%s %s has received %s', method, url, data)
return data return data
# we are being rate limited # We are being ratelimited
if response.status == 429: elif response.status == 429:
if not response.headers.get('Via') or isinstance(data, str): retry_after: float = float(response.headers['Retry-After']) # only in headers for cf ban
# Banned by Cloudflare more than likely.
# Hit Cloudflare ban for too many invalid requests (10,000 per 10 minutes)
# An invalid HTTP request is 401, 403, or 429 (excluding "shared" scope).
# This ban is the only one that is IP based, and not just token based.
if not response.headers.get('Via'):
fmt = 'We are Cloudflare banned for %.2f seconds.'
_log.warning(fmt, method, url, retry_after)
raise HTTPException(response, data) raise HTTPException(response, data)
if ratelimit.remaining > 0: elif self.max_ratelimit_timeout and retry_after > self.max_ratelimit_timeout:
# According to night fmt = 'We are being rate limited. %s %s responded with 429. Timeout of %.2f was too long, erroring instead.'
# https://github.com/discord/discord-api-docs/issues/2190#issuecomment-816363129 _log.warning(fmt, method, url, retry_after)
# Remaining > 0 and 429 means that a sub ratelimit was hit.
# It is unclear what should happen in these cases other than just using the retry_after
# value in the body.
_log.debug(
'%s %s received a 429 despite having %s remaining requests. This is a sub-ratelimit.',
method,
url,
ratelimit.remaining,
)
retry_after: float = data['retry_after']
if self.max_ratelimit_timeout and retry_after > self.max_ratelimit_timeout:
_log.warning(
'We are being rate limited. %s %s responded with 429. Timeout of %.2f was too long, erroring instead.',
method,
url,
retry_after,
)
raise RateLimited(retry_after) raise RateLimited(retry_after)
elif ratelimit.remaining > 0:
# According to night, remaining > 0 and 429 means that a sub ratelimit was hit.
# https://github.com/discord/discord-api-docs/issues/2190#issuecomment-816363129
fmt = '%s %s received a 429 despite having %s remaining requests. This is a sub-ratelimit.'
_log.debug(fmt, method, url, ratelimit.remaining)
fmt = 'We are being rate limited. %s %s responded with 429. Retrying in %.2f seconds.' fmt = 'We are being rate limited. %s %s responded with 429. Retrying in %.2f seconds.'
_log.warning(fmt, method, url, retry_after) _log.warning(fmt, method, url, retry_after)
_log.debug( # We've received a 500, 502, 504, or 524, unconditional retry
'Rate limit is being handled by bucket hash %s with %r major parameters', elif response.status in {500, 502, 504, 524}:
bucket_hash,
route.major_parameters,
)
# check if it's a global rate limit
is_global = data.get('global', False)
if is_global:
_log.warning('Global rate limit has been hit. Retrying in %.2f seconds.', retry_after)
self._global_over.clear()
await asyncio.sleep(retry_after)
_log.debug('Done sleeping for the rate limit. Retrying...')
# release the global lock now that the
# global rate limit has passed
if is_global:
self._global_over.set()
_log.debug('Global rate limit is now over.')
continue
# we've received a 500, 502, 504, or 524, unconditional retry
if response.status in {500, 502, 504, 524}:
await asyncio.sleep(1 + tries * 2) await asyncio.sleep(1 + tries * 2)
continue continue
# the usual error cases # The usual error cases
if response.status == 403: elif response.status == 403:
raise Forbidden(response, data) raise Forbidden(response, data)
elif response.status == 404: elif response.status == 404:
raise NotFound(response, data) raise NotFound(response, data)
@ -774,19 +749,17 @@ class HTTPClient:
# This is handling exceptions from the request # This is handling exceptions from the request
except OSError as e: except OSError as e:
# Connection reset by peer if tries == 4 or e.errno not in (54, 10054):
if tries < 4 and e.errno in (54, 10054): raise ValueError("Connection reset by peer")
await asyncio.sleep(1 + tries * 2) retry_seconds: int = 1 + tries * 2
continue fmt = 'OS error for %s %s. Retrying in %d seconds.'
raise _log.warning(fmt, method, url, retry_seconds)
await asyncio.sleep(retry_seconds)
if response is not None:
# We've run out of retries, raise. # We've run out of retries, raise
if response.status >= 500: if response is not None:
raise DiscordServerError(response, data) raise HTTPException(response, data)
else:
raise HTTPException(response, data)
raise RuntimeError('Unreachable code in HTTP handling') raise RuntimeError('Unreachable code in HTTP handling')
async def get_from_cdn(self, url: str) -> bytes: async def get_from_cdn(self, url: str) -> bytes:

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