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      docs/readme.eng.md

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@ -46,121 +46,6 @@ when blocked domains are queried. If this is the case change DNS to public ones,
* If a connection passes through a filter capable of reconstructing a TCP connection, and which * If a connection passes through a filter capable of reconstructing a TCP connection, and which
follows all standards. For example, we are routed to squid. Connection goes through the full OS tcpip stack, fragmentation disappears immediately as a means of circumvention. Squid is correct, it will find everything as it should, it is useless to deceive him. BUT. Only small providers can afford using squid, since it is very resource intensive. Large companies usually use DPI, which is designed for much greater bandwidth. follows all standards. For example, we are routed to squid. Connection goes through the full OS tcpip stack, fragmentation disappears immediately as a means of circumvention. Squid is correct, it will find everything as it should, it is useless to deceive him. BUT. Only small providers can afford using squid, since it is very resource intensive. Large companies usually use DPI, which is designed for much greater bandwidth.
## Installation
### desktop linux system
Simple install works on most modern linux distributions with systemd or openrc, OpenWRT and MacOS.
Run `install_easy.sh` and answer its questions.
### OpenWRT
`install_easy.sh` works on openwrt but there're additional challenges.
They are mainly about possibly low flash free space.
Simple install will not work if it has no space to install itself and required packages from the repo.
Another challenge would be to bring zapret to the router. You can download zip from github and use it.
Do not repack zip contents in Windows, because this way you break chmod and links.
Install openssh-sftp-server and unzip to openwrt and use sftp to transfer the file.
The best way to start is to put zapret dir to `/tmp` and run `/tmp/zapret/install_easy.sh` from there.
After installation remove `/tmp/zapret` to free RAM.
The absolute minimum for openwrt is 64/8 system, 64/16 is comfortable, 128/extroot is recommended.
### Android
Its not possible to use nfqws and tpws in transparent proxy mode without root privileges.
Without root tpws can run in --socks mode.
I have no NFQUEUE presence statistics in stock android kernels, but its present on my MTK device.
If NFQUEUE is present nfqws works.
There's no ipset support unless you run custom kernel. In common case task of bringing up ipset
on android is ranging from "not easy" to "almost impossible", unless you find working kernel
image for your device.
Android does not use /etc/passwd, `tpws --user` won't work. There's replacement.
Use numeric uids in `--uid` option.
Its recommended to use gid 3003 (AID_INET), otherwise tpws will not have inet access.
Example : `--uid 1:3003`
In iptables use : `! --uid-owner 1` instead of `! --uid-owner tpws`.
Write your own shell script with iptables and tpws, run it using your root manager.
Autorun scripts are here :
magisk : `/data/adb/service.d`
supersu : `/system/su.d`
I haven't checked whether android can kill iptable rules at its own will during wifi connection/disconnection,
mobile data on/off, ...
How to run tpws on root-less android.
You can't write to `/system`, `/data`, can't run from sd card.
Selinux prevents running executables in `/data/local/tmp` from apps.
Use adb and adb shell.
```
mkdir /data/local/tmp/zapret
adb push tpws /data/local/tmp/zapret
chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/zapret /data/local/tmp/zapret/tpws
chcon u:object_r:system_file:s0 /data/local/tmp/zapret/tpws
```
Now its possible to run `/data/local/tmp/zapret/tpws` from any app such as tasker.
### FreeBSD, OpenBSD, MacOS
see docs/bsd.eng.md
### Windows (WSL)
Using WSL (Windows subsystem for Linux) it's possible to run tpws in socks mode under rather new builds of
windows 10 and windows server.
Its not required to install any linux distributions as suggested in most articles.
tpws is static binary. It doesn't need a distribution.
Install WSL : `dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all`
Copy binaries/x86_64/tpws_wsl.tgz to the target system.
Run : `wsl --import tpws "%USERPROFILE%\tpws" tpws_wsl.tgz`
Run tpws : `wsl --exec /tpws --uid=1 --no-resolve --socks --bind-addr=127.0.0.1 --port=1080 <fooling_options>`
Configure socks as 127.0.0.1:1080 in a browser or another program.
Cleanup : `wsl --unregister tpws`
Tested in windows 10 build 19041 (20.04).
NOTICE. There is native windows solution GoodByeDPI. It works on packet level like nfqws.
### Other devices
Author's goal does not include easy supporting as much devices as possibles.
Please do not ask for easy supporting firmwares. It requires a lot of work and owning lots of devices. Its counterproductive.
As a devices owner its easier for you and should not be too hard if firmware is open.
Most closed stock firmwares are not designed for custom usage and sometimes actively prevent it.
In the latter case you have to hack into it and reverse engineer. Its not easy.
Binaries are universal. They can run on almost all firmwares.
You will need :
* root shell access. true sh shell, not microtik-like console
* startup hook
* r/w partition to store binaries and startup script with executable permission (+x)
* tpws can be run almost anywhere but nfqws require kernel support for NFQUEUE. Its missing in most firmwares.
* too old 2.6 kernels are unsupported and can cause errors
If binaries crash with segfault (rare but happens on some kernels) try to unpack upx like this : upx -d tpws.
First manually debug your scenario. Run iptables + daemon and check if its what you want.
Write your own script with iptables magic and run required daemon from there. Put it to startup.
Dont ask me how to do it. Its different for all firmwares and requires studying.
Find manual or reverse engineer yourself.
Check for race conditions. Firmware can clear or modify iptables after your startup script.
If this is the case then run another script in background and add some delay there.
## How to put this into practice in the linux system ## How to put this into practice in the linux system
In short, the options can be classified according to the following scheme: In short, the options can be classified according to the following scheme:
@ -834,3 +719,118 @@ And you can start or stop the demons separately from the firewall:
/opt/zapret/init.d/sysv/zapret start-daemons /opt/zapret/init.d/sysv/zapret start-daemons
/opt/zapret/init.d/sysv/zapret stop-daemons /opt/zapret/init.d/sysv/zapret stop-daemons
``` ```
## Installation
### desktop linux system
Simple install works on most modern linux distributions with systemd or openrc, OpenWRT and MacOS.
Run `install_easy.sh` and answer its questions.
### OpenWRT
`install_easy.sh` works on openwrt but there're additional challenges.
They are mainly about possibly low flash free space.
Simple install will not work if it has no space to install itself and required packages from the repo.
Another challenge would be to bring zapret to the router. You can download zip from github and use it.
Do not repack zip contents in Windows, because this way you break chmod and links.
Install openssh-sftp-server and unzip to openwrt and use sftp to transfer the file.
The best way to start is to put zapret dir to `/tmp` and run `/tmp/zapret/install_easy.sh` from there.
After installation remove `/tmp/zapret` to free RAM.
The absolute minimum for openwrt is 64/8 system, 64/16 is comfortable, 128/extroot is recommended.
### Android
Its not possible to use nfqws and tpws in transparent proxy mode without root privileges.
Without root tpws can run in --socks mode.
I have no NFQUEUE presence statistics in stock android kernels, but its present on my MTK device.
If NFQUEUE is present nfqws works.
There's no ipset support unless you run custom kernel. In common case task of bringing up ipset
on android is ranging from "not easy" to "almost impossible", unless you find working kernel
image for your device.
Android does not use /etc/passwd, `tpws --user` won't work. There's replacement.
Use numeric uids in `--uid` option.
Its recommended to use gid 3003 (AID_INET), otherwise tpws will not have inet access.
Example : `--uid 1:3003`
In iptables use : `! --uid-owner 1` instead of `! --uid-owner tpws`.
Write your own shell script with iptables and tpws, run it using your root manager.
Autorun scripts are here :
magisk : `/data/adb/service.d`
supersu : `/system/su.d`
I haven't checked whether android can kill iptable rules at its own will during wifi connection/disconnection,
mobile data on/off, ...
How to run tpws on root-less android.
You can't write to `/system`, `/data`, can't run from sd card.
Selinux prevents running executables in `/data/local/tmp` from apps.
Use adb and adb shell.
```
mkdir /data/local/tmp/zapret
adb push tpws /data/local/tmp/zapret
chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/zapret /data/local/tmp/zapret/tpws
chcon u:object_r:system_file:s0 /data/local/tmp/zapret/tpws
```
Now its possible to run `/data/local/tmp/zapret/tpws` from any app such as tasker.
### FreeBSD, OpenBSD, MacOS
see docs/bsd.eng.md
### Windows (WSL)
Using WSL (Windows subsystem for Linux) it's possible to run tpws in socks mode under rather new builds of
windows 10 and windows server.
Its not required to install any linux distributions as suggested in most articles.
tpws is static binary. It doesn't need a distribution.
Install WSL : `dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all`
Copy binaries/x86_64/tpws_wsl.tgz to the target system.
Run : `wsl --import tpws "%USERPROFILE%\tpws" tpws_wsl.tgz`
Run tpws : `wsl --exec /tpws --uid=1 --no-resolve --socks --bind-addr=127.0.0.1 --port=1080 <fooling_options>`
Configure socks as 127.0.0.1:1080 in a browser or another program.
Cleanup : `wsl --unregister tpws`
Tested in windows 10 build 19041 (20.04).
NOTICE. There is native windows solution GoodByeDPI. It works on packet level like nfqws.
### Other devices
Author's goal does not include easy supporting as much devices as possibles.
Please do not ask for easy supporting firmwares. It requires a lot of work and owning lots of devices. Its counterproductive.
As a devices owner its easier for you and should not be too hard if firmware is open.
Most closed stock firmwares are not designed for custom usage and sometimes actively prevent it.
In the latter case you have to hack into it and reverse engineer. Its not easy.
Binaries are universal. They can run on almost all firmwares.
You will need :
* root shell access. true sh shell, not microtik-like console
* startup hook
* r/w partition to store binaries and startup script with executable permission (+x)
* tpws can be run almost anywhere but nfqws require kernel support for NFQUEUE. Its missing in most firmwares.
* too old 2.6 kernels are unsupported and can cause errors
If binaries crash with segfault (rare but happens on some kernels) try to unpack upx like this : upx -d tpws.
First manually debug your scenario. Run iptables + daemon and check if its what you want.
Write your own script with iptables magic and run required daemon from there. Put it to startup.
Dont ask me how to do it. Its different for all firmwares and requires studying.
Find manual or reverse engineer yourself.
Check for race conditions. Firmware can clear or modify iptables after your startup script.
If this is the case then run another script in background and add some delay there.

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